储备

Fifth are reserves; consisting of interest reserve and contingency reserve.

第五是储备；构成利息储备和应急储备。

Heller—Knight Model stressed the balance of trades effect in the currency structure of foreign exchange reserves decision. Dooly model shows the trade flows, the debt payment and the exchange arrangements will all affects the currency structure of foreign exchange reserves. There is some logic to each of these three models, but are not comprehensive enough.

资产组合理论强调货币的收益与风险在安排外汇储备币种结构中的作用，海勒——奈特模型强调贸易收支在决定外汇储备币种结构中的作用，杜利模型则将影响外汇储备币种结构的因素扩大为贸易流量、外债支付及汇率安排三个因素。

The Federal Reserve System includes 12 regional Federal Reserve Banks and 25 Federal Reserve Bank branches.

联邦储备系统包括12家地区性联邦储备银行和25家联邦储备银行的分行。

Over holding of foreign exchange reserves not only affect the performance of currency policy, raised the pressure of the RMB appreciation and the risk of reserves negatively, but also deteriorate the efficiency of capital and resource of our country.

在外汇储备结构的研究中发现，我国外汇储备的来源结构波动性大，币种结构和投资结构过于集中，期限结构中缺乏短期投资，国际储备构成中外汇储备的比重偏大，民间储备比例偏低。

China's gold reserves with this morning, I still exchanges that China significant changes in gold reserves because of the reasons for the high foreign exchange reserves, and restructuring of the foreign exchange reserves, but the growth rate of great changes in December 2002 ago there were probably more than 1900 oz, or about more than 600 tons of gold, over the past two years great changes took place, especially after 2007, has increased to 33.89 million ounces, that is, increased to 14.6 million tons of gold, in the original basis increased by 75% Gold reserves have entered more than a kiloton, into fifth in the world.

中国黄金储备今天早上我跟哈博士还在交流，哈博士认为中国黄金储备发生重大变化是因为外汇储备高的原因，做了外汇储备结构调整，但是增长速度发生很大的变化，02年12月份以前大概有1900多盎司，约合600多吨黄金，近两年发生巨大的变化尤其是07年之后，已经增加到3389万盎司，就是增长到了1460万吨的黄金，在原来基础上增加75%，黄金储备已经进入了千吨级以上，进入到世界第五位。

It is universally profits from the significance to other strategic reserve interconversion between the product form\'s reserve and the ability form\'s reserve. There is important value interconversion in the different point to the sustainable development of economic society.

产品形式的储备与能力形式的储备之间的相互转换成为可能对其他战略储备具有普遍的借鉴意义，不同形式之间的储备在不同时点的相互转换对经济社会可持续发展具有重要的价值。

The government-oriented land reserve model has achieved some good results, but it is still going under way and some problems do exist, which can be listed as follows: 1 The legal rights of the people whose land has been purchased may be infringed upon because of the government's monopoly over the land purchase price; 2 Aimed at increasing land remise income, the local government reduces land supply for the purpose of raising land price, which arouses people's suspicion upon land reserve system. 3 The government-oriented land reserve model needs large funds and it is difficult to meet the demand for funds mainly by bank loans, which results in more risks in the operation of land reserse funds.

在肯定成效的同时，还应看到政府主导型土地储备模式还处在发展初期，实际工作中也遇到了一些问题：一是要求所有进入城市流转的土地必须由政府统一收购，容易引起地方政府利用垄断权利，压低土地收购价格，侵犯土地被收购者的合法权益；二是政府牢牢掌握城市土地供应的主动权，一切土地经由政府垄断供应，但由于土地供应与地方财政收入密切相关，为增加土地出让收益，地方政府采用"饥饿供地法"来达到提高土地价格的目的，引起了人们对土地储备制度的怀疑；三是政府主导型土地储备模式需要巨额资金加以支持，但以银行贷款为主的融资方式难以满足其资金需求，增加了土地储备资金运行的风险。

On the basis of FER scale theory, this paper analyses the FER increase in China about the supply and demand factors. First, according to the Agarwal model,Jian Wu model and China's situation, a new moderate determination model is constituted. This model adapts to practical status of China. It is used to analyze China's 1990-2005 foreign exchange reserve. The result shows that foreign exchange reserve is excessive in the last few years.

首先，本文在界定外汇储备适度规模的内涵及主要影响因素的基础上，基于阿格沃尔模型和武剑模型及我国国情构建了一个新的适度外汇储备模型，并利用该模型对1990-2005年我国外汇储备规模的适度性进行了实证分析，得出近年来我国外汇储备过量的结论。

China have the most foreign exchange reserves in the world, we should adjust ocurrency composition of our foreige exchange reserves, increase the shares of Japanee yen reserves to reduce the risk of reserves and the loss from reserves.

我国是全球最大的外汇储备国，在外汇储备的框架内，我们应该调整外汇储备的币种结构，提高日元储备的份额，以降低储备的风险和减少储备的损失。

Constitute the plan of purchasing and hiving land, use correspond methods to evaluate the price of land. Upbuild a suit of modes about purchasing, coordinating and hiving urban land that adapt to the situation of our country.

三二城市土地优化配置基础上的土地收购储备运行模式针对我国目前土地收购储备运行模式存在的问题，结合城市土地利用特点，基于城市士地优化配罩、城市总体规划、土地利用总体规划制定的规划期内土地总需求量、年度用地规模以及具体的用地布局，结合社会经济发展、城市化进程，编制土地收购、储备计划，并根据不同土地收购对象、性质，应用相应技术方法评估其土地收购价格，建立一套符合我国国情的土地收购、整理、储备运行模式。

As she looked at Warrington's manly face, and dark, melancholy eyes, she had settled in her mind that he must have been the victim of an unhappy attachment.

每逢看到沃林顿那刚毅的脸，那乌黑、忧郁的眼睛，她便会相信，他一定作过不幸的爱情的受害者。

Maybe they'll disappear into a pothole.

也许他们将在壶穴里消失