做法

CBFEC emphasizes direct correspondence of concepts in EC with its software architecture for ease of understanding and using; minimal coupling with specific problem structure for easy adaptation it to solve a large number of wholly different problems; interface-centered design for extendibility. To achieve those objects, the problem-solving method of EC is analyzed and the problem-solving procedure of EC is divided into three interactive aspects: population-based stochastic searching mechanism, problem specific information to implicitly guide the stochastic searching, and the observation and control of the computation procedure of EC. Then the key concepts of EC are identified in those three aspects; the normal implementations of those concepts are summarized; the interfaces represents those concepts in software are abstracted; the collaborations of components through those interfaces are designed. CBFEC is implemented on mainstream component software platform COM/DCOM (Component Object Model/Distributed COM from Microsoft), which includes interfaces definitions, commonly using EC components implemented those interfaces, such as Simply EA component, Steady State EA component, EA component, EA component, Population component, Tournament Selection component, Linear Ranking Selection component, Nonlinear Ranking Selection component, Random Number Generator component, etc, and the collaborations of those components through those interfaces.

具体的做法是把演化计算看作是基于组件的软件工程的一个应用领域：首先分析了演化计算求解问题的一般思路和方法，把演化计算问题求解过程分为："设计基于群体的随机搜索机制"、"研究问题的性质并以此隐含地定义算法的搜索方向"和"求解过程的观察与控制"三个部分；然后分别找出各个部分中的关键概念，总结这些概念现有的一般实现方法，抽取其本质，以此结合设计模式来定义组件软件的接口；通过分析演化计算各个概念之间的相互联系来设计组件软件间通过接口的进行交互的方式；最后还在目前一种主流组件软件开发平台COM／DCOM（微软提出的组件对象模型）的基础上实现了常用的演化计算组件，如简单演化算法组件、稳态演化算法组件、演化算法组件、演化算法组件、种群组件、锦标赛选择策略组件、线性排名选择策略组件、非线性排名选择策略组件、随机数发生器组件等等。

On their own, each of these moves may have made sense. But the zigzags left the markets discombobulated and uncertain.

从他们的角度看，每个举动都是有意义的，但是左右摇摆的做法使市场更加混乱和不确定。

Developed countries' practice of giving the runaround stirred intense discontentment of many developing countries and less developed countries.

发达国家的这种捣糨糊的做法引起了广大发展中国家和欠发达国家的强烈不满。

In arriving at the values in the appendix below, the Conference of the Parties was guided by the application of an 85 per cent discount factor to account for the removals identified in paragraph 1 of decision -/CMP.1 ("Land use, land use change and forestry") and a 3 per cent cap on forest management, using a combination of data provided by Parties and by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.

在计算以下附录的数值时，缔约方会议所遵循的做法是，对第-/CMP.1号决定(土地利用、土地利用的变化和林业)第1段分段所述的清除量的核算，采用85%的折扣系数，对森林管理采用3%的上限，结合利用了缔约方以及联合国粮食及农业组织提供的数据。

Even discounting the need to get on with China on other issues, however, this is an unpromising approach.

然而，即便不考虑与中国在其它问题上合作的必要性，这种做法也毫无前途。

Europe's grudging attitude to the new president is not only discourteous. It is unwise and self-defeating.

然而，作者Gideon Rachman认为欧洲这样的做法，不仅无礼，而且是不明智的，自己拆自己的台。

Urban operations concepts and theories in China, planning is not only a discoverer who is王志纲practice.

城市行动概念和理论在中国，规划不仅是一个发现者谁是王志纲做法。

But they do and we imagine many discrepancy.

但他们的做法与我们想象的有不少出入。

Many businesses are accused of discriminating against women.

许多企业被控有歧视妇女的做法。

In Chinese law, this principle needs to be upheld, but only discriminatingly. Foreign judgments on the civil status of a person and non-contentious dispute may be recognized without the precondition of reciprocity. In...

我国立法中仍然有必要继续保留互惠原则，但应当区别对待，对于外国法院有关身份关系的判决和非诉纠纷判决可以放弃互惠原则；在判断互惠关系的标准上采用法律上的互惠标准，实践中采用推定存在互惠的做法，以便于我国和外国之间的互利合作。

By the time of its fall, most of the prisoners were writers who had written against the corruptions of the government.

到它被攻陷的时候，里面多数的犯人是写了反对政府贪污文章的作家。

The most obvious variation to ovum morphological character was that the color was changed from light green to sepiaceous in embryonic development, and all the ovums were almost hatched after 96h.

在胚胎发育过程中卵的形态特征最明显的变化是颜色从淡绿到深褐色，卵在发育96h后卵基本全部孵化。