值分布

It's M2 factor is approaching the ideal value 1 and the beam intensity profile remains Gauss Profile. Laser beam with good propagation and focus characters. The beam can propagate a long way and can be focused with lens with long focal distance. The focal beam waist radius is 134μm, the focal distanced of the focus lens is 300mm. It's focal depth is about 5mm and the focal shift is about 1mm in the range of processing (3m).

结果表明，Slab CO2激光器具有高光束质量，其M2因子非常接近1的理想值；激光束具有良好的传输和聚焦性能，可以长距离传输；使用焦距为300mm的聚焦镜聚焦，聚焦光斑的束腰半径约为134μm，光束横截面能量分布接近理想的高斯分布，焦深约为5mm，在加工范围内(3m)，激光束的焦点漂移量大约为1mm。

The algorithm is derived by proper transformations based on gamma distribution random variables.The algorithm is computationally simple.

该算法计算简单，通过调整分布参数的值，可产生具有任何形状参数和任何方差的广义高斯分布随机变量。

Likewise,the axile potential and intensity of the system were calculated by Gauss elimination method and cubic spline interpolation.Furthermore,the electronic trajectory was traced by the changing steps Runge-Kutta method,the final size of e-beam about anode was true of demand.

在此基础上，通过Gauss消元法和三次样条插值法等解得了系统对称轴上电位分布以及内部场强分布，并利用四阶Runge-Kutta法追踪了电子从阴极开始到阳极入口处的运动轨迹且得到了合适的束斑大小。

The theoretical analyses and simulations show that the generated chaotic sequences are uniformly distributed and the two-valued key stream is independently and identically distributed.

理论分析和仿真检验均证实，该方法所产生的混沌序列为均匀分布序列，二值密钥流序列为独立同分布序列。

Based on DEM data and by using GIDS method as the interpolation formula, it is derived that there is a latitudinal distribution of annual precipitation, and the precipitation is closely related to landforms.

空间分析是以DEM数据为基础，采用梯度距离平方反比法作为差值公式，得出整个流域的年降水量呈纬向分布特征，降水量的大小与地形分布有着十分密切的关系。

The kriging model and the isogram maps accurately demonstrate the spatial distribution and the variation tendency.

Kriging 插值以及空间等值线分布趋势图能够直观的表现研究区内土壤盐分含量的空间分布状况和变化情况。

It shows that the lognormal probability density distribution of the SWH is in a wel...

同时，分析了有效波高大于4 m的巨浪在东中国海的时空分布特征，表明巨浪多出现在冬、秋两季，平均有效波高最大值出现在夏季，且主要分布在东中国海东南部。

First, the optimal approximating network is presented and the invariance property of the marginal distribution of some variables is studied.

首先解决了在Bayes网络中删除一条弧之后的最优近似网络中的参数赋值问题，并研究了最优近似网络中某些结点子集的边缘分布在近似以后所具有的不变性，给出了边缘分布保持不变的最大结点子集。

Based on investigating the short and intermittent structural plane, surrounding rockmass of the huge underground powerhouse in Three Gorge has been divided into five statistical similar areas according to its characteristic of rockmass structure by applying structure plane network simulation. Distributed characteristic of structural plane has been studied and based on it mechanics macrocharacteristic has been studied:(1) It is the first time that based on the result of structural plane network simulation rockmass quality of every structure area has been studied with applying blurred information optimum seeking technique and be compared with and RQD method. The result indicated that it has better effect to evaluate rock quality with blurred information optimum seeking technique.(2) It is the first time that the interrelated relationship of the result of in-suit rockmass deformation test and fractal characteristic of structure on test point has been applied to determine rockmass deformation parameter. The question of evaluating deformation parameters of engineering rockmass has been solved.(3) Anisotropy strength parameters have been determined by applying shear zones simulating method. The result indicated that there are different strength parameters in every structural area, after comparing the result of Fast Lagranian Analysis in continua number simulation method with that of method of weighted mean according to continuity. The result indicated that when a suitable reduction coefficient is been considered rockmass strength parameters can be simply and fast determined with method of weighted mean according to continuity where there is not enough test result.(4) Damage characteristic has been studied based on analysis fractal characteristic of structural plane network by applying fractal-damage coupling method. It is the first time that the concept of damage degree has been set up to evaluate rockmass quality according to the biggest principal damage.

通过对短小、断续性结构面统计特征的研究，将地下厂房区划分为五个岩体结构统计均质区，应用结构面网络模拟技术研究了各个岩体结构均质区结构面的发育分布特征，并以此为基础对岩体宏观力学特性进行了深入研究：(1)首次通过在结构面网络模拟计算结果的基础上，应用模糊信息优化技术研究了厂房区各个岩体结构分区的岩体质量并与岩体基本质量指标研究法、岩体质量指标RQD值研究法作了对比，结果表明以结构面网络模拟结果为基础，应用模糊信息优化技术进行岩体质量评价能够取得很好的效果，解决了工程岩体质量的定量评价问题；(2)首次通过对已有的现场大型岩体变形试验结果的分析及相应试验点岩体结构分形特征的研究，建立了结构面分布的分形维数和岩体变形指标间的相关关系，并首次应用这种相关关系根据结构面网络模拟及分形维数计算结果确定了缺少试验结果的地下厂房各工程部位的岩体变形指标而且应用于围岩稳定性计算，解决了工程岩体宏观变形参数的评价问题；(3)应用在结构面模拟网络图上模拟岩体剪切破坏带的方法，得出了岩体在不同方向上的强度参数，结果表明岩体的强度特性与结构面的发育方向和程度有着明显的关系，各个岩体结构均质区具有不同的强度参数；同时还通过应用拉格朗日差分法对岩体强度指标的数值分析并与按连通率加权平均计算法对比表明，按连通率加权平均计算法在考虑合理的折减系数情况下，可以简单快速地对缺少现场大型试验结果的具体工程部位实现岩体强度指标的估计，通过以上研究解决了工程岩体抗剪强度参数的评价问题；(4)通过结构面网络分形维数的研究，应用分形损伤耦合分析方法，研究了厂房区岩体的损伤特征，并首次引入"损伤度"的概念，建立了应用最大主损伤评价岩体质量的指标体系。

In this paper, the theory, algorithm, and experiment of automatic object detection and tracking are studied in depth. It is firstly pointed out that the essential of Mean Shift method is a special Newton-Gaussian method. A new method named Fast Mean Shift is established to stretch the conservative step of Mean Shift method. The convergence and validity of this new method are proved in theory. And it is also proved that the convergence speed of Fast Mean Shift is faster than that of Mean Shift. The contrast experiments of searching the maximum possibility density of random of data sets in plane and 3D space are done. The results show that this new method can reduce the iterations greatly. A new object tracking method based on Fast Mean Shift is built to improve the object tracking performance, which is shown in the face tracking experiment with the tennis sequence provided by the Ohio State University, and the car tracking experiment with the car sequence provided by Kalsruhe University. The face trcking experiment with highly noised images show that the object tracking method based on Fast Mean Shift has strong anti-jamming ability. A new fast color object detection technology based on characteristic color is established, which use characteristic color distribution to compute the characteristic color vector of any area in an image quickly. With the high performance search method, the fast object detection is achieved. At last, using object tracker based on Fast Mean Shift and color object detector based on characteristic color with the Kalman filter, PID controller, searial communication and other technologies, automatic object detection and tracking system with control system is built. The availability and anti-jamming ability of this system are verified by some object detection and tracking tests in different scenes.

本文对目标自动识别与跟踪进行了理论、计算、试验三方面的深入研究，主要包括：首次指出了目标跟踪技术中常用的均值迁移方法的本质为一种特殊的高斯-牛顿方法，改进了均值迁移方法步长取值保守的弱点，建立了快速均值迁移方法，证明了该方法的收敛性、有效性以及收敛速度优于均值迁移方法；进行了平面和3维随机分布数据集的最大概率密度搜索对比试验，试验结果表明，快速均值迁移方法大大减少了迭代次数；建立了基于快速均值迁移的目标跟踪方法，利用俄亥俄州立大学提供的乒乓球序列图像和卡斯鲁厄大学的汽车序列图像，对人脸和汽车目标跟踪性能分别进行了对比试验，并进行了高噪声人脸图像目标跟踪试验，结果表明，基于快速均值迁移的目标跟踪方法有效提高了目标跟踪性能，具有很强的抗干扰能力；建立了一种新型彩色目标自动识别方法，采用特征色彩分布函数实现了对任意图像区域特征色彩矢量的快速计算，建立了高效的搜索方法，实现了彩色目标的快速识别；将基于快速均值迁移方法的目标跟踪方法、基于特征色彩的目标识别方法与卡尔曼滤波、PID控制、串行通讯等技术结合，建立了带有控制系统的快速目标自动识别与跟踪系统，并在不同场景下进行了目标自动识别与跟踪试验，验证了快速目标自动识别与跟踪系统的有效性和抗干扰能力。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。