值分布

The results show that relative humidity is the most sensitive variable to ET0 in general for study area, followed by air temperature, wind speed and sunshine hours. From May to September, the highest sensitivity coefficients to air temperature and sunshine hours is in July, while the lowest sensitivity coefficients to wind speed in July. The absolute sensitivity coefficients to relative humidity increases from May to September. The absolute sensitivity coefficients to all climate variables indicate large spatial variability.

结果表明：参考作物蒸散发对相对湿度最为敏感，其次是气温，最后是风速和日照时数；5～9月，气温和日照时数的敏感系数呈单峰型分布，在7月份达到最高值，风速敏感系数呈单谷型分布，在7月份达到最低值，相对湿度敏感系数的绝对值表现为持续上升趋势；生长季气候变量敏感系数的空间差异性较大。

The tension stress distribution of the aerostat envelope under windless condition is obtained using the FE model, and critical regions with high stress are pointed out. The calculated value of tethering force fits well with the theoretical one. The results are instructive for the safety evaluation and design of aerostat structures.

应用此技术建立了无风载条件下浮空器囊体张应力分布的有限元分析模型，给出了囊体的张应力分布情况并指出危险应力区域，对系留力的计算值与理论值吻合较好，计算结果对浮空器结构安全评估及设计具有一定的理论指导意义。

In autoregression models, when the parameter from GED is known, adaptive rejection sampling method is used to estimate parameters; when the parameter from GED is unknown, we have to decide a range, also use the same method to give a reasonable estimate of the parameters.

在自回归模型中，GED分布的参数已知的情况下，基于似然函数的形式用拒绝抽样方法估计自回归系数；GED分布的参数未知时，我们给定参数的范围，用拒绝抽样方法寻找自回归系数合理的估计值。

The example are also given to show that the two Expect Bayes estimation formula are both steady and the precision of Expect Bayes estimation of the reliability for geometric distribution under the entropy loss function is higher than that of the square loss function.

通过实例验证，在熵损失函数下计算出的几何分布可靠度的多层Bayes估计是稳健的，并进一步表明在熵损失函数下计算出的几何分布可靠度的多层Bayes估计值比其在平方损失函数下算出的结果精度更高。

Based on the harmonic algorithm, the conductivity reconstruction method and the corresponding algorithm in oblique slice were proposed. Then the numerical simulation was performed by solving the Neumann boundary problem, Ohm's law and Biot-Savart law to obtain the magnetic flux density used to reconstruct the conductivity.

然后通过数值仿真来实现提出的算法，首先进行了正问题求解，即利用Neumann边界值问题、欧姆定律和毕奥－萨伐尔定律逐步计算出重建电导率分布的磁通密度的一个分量，接着进行了逆问题求解，即根据重建算法得到了横截面和斜位面内的相对电导率分布，并对仿真的结果进行了分析和讨论。

By means of equalizing the histogram, the contrast of original thermal image is enhanced; then image region of the disc surface of insulator is intercepted manually; through the envelope of the smoothened histogram of thermal image the segmentation threshold is extracted and the morphological filtering is applied to the threshold- segmented binarized image to obtain insulator disc surface image and background image, and then 10 infrared image features of insulator disc surface image and background image, such as the highest temperature, the lowest temperature, mean temperature, variance of temperature distribution of both kinds of images, as well as maximum temperature rise and mean temperature rise of insulator disc surface relative to background, are extracted; finally, the good and bad features are discriminated by single factor variance analysis, thus the feature selection is implemented.

利用直方图均衡化增强原始热像图对比度，人工截取绝缘子盘面图像区域；通过平滑后的图像直方图包络线提取分割阈值，对阈值分割后的二值图像进行形态学滤波，得到绝缘子盘面图像和背景图像，提取2者的最高温度、最低温度、平均温度、温度分布方差以及盘面相对于背景的最大温升和平均温升共10个红外热像特征；应用单因素方差分析甄别特征优劣，实现特征选择。

It is found that the histogram of the values of the significant waves from 20-min records of every month, quarter-year, and one year also shows that the Weibull distribution is also the best one among all examined distributions.

因此本文进一步建立其它相关波高统计值与示性波高之关系，其关系一旦建立，即可藉示性波高以推得其它波高统计值，而本研究同时比较其理论与实际值之差异，以了解花莲海域之波高统计特性及以Weibull分布理论计算的可行性，此结果对於往后分析花莲港之波浪现象，与工程设计上可作为参考之依据。

The main research tasks and results are as follows:(1) Through comparing the stress intensity factor of compact tension specimen calculated by finite element software with the theoretical value, the feasibility of calculating fracture parameters of crack tip in ABAQUS software was verified.(2) The relationship between the elastic modulus of the material and research scale was studied based on deriving the cohesive stress theory and other relevant theories. And the elastic modulus of the material on meso-scale was determined.(3) Global model and sub-model of the finite element were built in th...e macro-scale, and stress-strain field nearby the crack tip was analyzed, and the results show that the detailed stress-strain in the crack tip could be obtained by using the sub-model technique.(4) In meso-scale, the crack growth model was also established by assuming the crack propagating along the grain boundary, and the detailed stress-strain field in the crack tip was obtained.(5) The effect of crack length on Von Mises stress, and maximum principal stress and strain was analyzed in meso-scale when equivalent KI equals 30MPa.m1/2. And the results show that except for crack tip area, the stress-strain distribution in whole specimen is not affected.

主要完成研究内容和取得成果如下：(1)利用有限元软件计算出紧凑拉伸试样的裂纹尖端应力强度因子KI值，其结果与理论值一致，从而验证了利用ABAQUS计算裂纹尖端相关断裂参量的可行性；(2)在研究内聚应力等相关理论的基础上，推导出了研究尺度与材料弹性模量的近似关系，并确定了介观尺度上的弹性模量；(3)在宏观尺度上建立了全局有限元计算模型和子模型，得到了裂纹尖端应力应变场分布，结果表明利用子模型技术获得比较准确的裂纹尖端应力应变场分布是可行的；(4)在介观尺度上利用平均晶粒尺度的方式建立了裂纹沿晶扩展模型，得到了裂纹尖端断裂过程区的微观应力应变场；(5)当应力强度因子为30MPa.m1/2时，分析了介观尺度上在裂纹沿晶扩展过程中裂纹长度对Mises应力、最大主应力和应变的影响，结果表明，裂纹扩展长度对试样整体应力应变分布影响不大，而对裂纹尖端区域有较大影响；(6)介。。。

MR images was analyzed include tumor shape,margin, internal enhancement characteristics,distribution,and time-signal intensity curves,maximam enhancement ratio,early enhancement ratio and so on.The ADCs of lesions were calculated on ADC maps.Univariate and multivariate analysis of MR imaging data were performed to find the strongest discriminators and the Logestic regression model was established to predict the probabilities for malignancy.

由放射科医生采用双盲法阅片，根据乳腺MR影像报告及数据系统(BI-RADS MRI)，将病变按照不同形态学表现分为肿块和非肿块性病变两组，分析形态学表现(形状、边缘、分布特征、内部增强特征)、血流动力学表现(时间-信号强度曲线类型、最大增强率、达峰时间、早期增强率)，并结合ADC值，应用SPSS15.0软件进行单变量及多变量分析，挖掘有意义恶性征象，建立回归模型，计算其敏感性、特异性、准确性、阳性预测值和阴性预测值。

The temperature gradient is larger in case ofussual half-zone model which has a uniform temperature distribution on the hot rod,andmodified half-zone model which has a non-uniform temperature distribution in the hotrod and negative radial temperature gradient near the axis of the hot rod.

模拟半浮区模型提出选择热传导系数与试验液体相当的材料作为热端棒材，使得热端内侧的轴向温度梯度接近于零。模拟半浮区模型的温度分布更接近于全浮区温度分布的一半。对于改型半浮区模型，选择热传导系数高于试验液体值一个数量级的材料作为热端棒材，使得热端温度分布不均匀，并且热端内侧温度高于外侧温度。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。