值

This study shows that the bottom-water ventilation was relatively stronger during the postglacial period than during the glacial and deglaciation periods, which is indicated by the oxygen concentration of bottom-water and the changes of microfossil assemblages.

首次在冲绳海槽识别出了末次冰消期浮游有孔虫δ13C的宽幅低值事件，并发现该事件与热带太平洋及其边缘海表层水的δ13C低值事件具有非常好的可比性，说明末次冰消期冲绳海槽表层水体的δ13C值低值事件可能是直接受热带太平洋表层水的影响所致。

In image processing, method as follows will be introduced in this paper: a method combining image threshold iterative segmentation with threshold interpolation, edge detection operator Sobel and LoG, edge linking method using delation operator based on mathematical morphology, using boundary tracking and projection method in edge distill process. Through this method, measurement of wheelset will be met precision demand.

本文阐明了图像的分通道自动采集过程，以及对采集到的原始图像进行预处理过程，达到图像去噪声的目标，本课题采用了阈值分割中迭代阈值和阈值插值相结合的方法，Sobel算子、LoG算子边缘检测算法，基于数学形态学的膨胀运算子进行边缘断点连接以及目标提取中的投影法和边缘跟踪方法，使得提取轮对图像边缘达到测量精度的要求。

The approximation of field variable by RPIM is performed in a parameter domain. The shape function of RPIM possess Delta function's property.

该方法利用径向点插值方法，在参数域对每一个非样本点的支持域进行过点插值，构造出具有Delta函数性质的插值函数，能够实现参数域场变量的快速插值近似。

The main achievement is as following: Present a new software structure with insert mode based on diagram and data platform. With this structure the software can be used in various voltage levels of power networks by switching function groupware with corresponding edition. Therefore it is important to solve software universality and developability.(2) Present a new idea that any operating condition is combination of running mode of plant or station, power supply topological and rules of equipment maintenance. This idea is very useful at simplifying setup and choice of operating conditions and ensuring calculation result correction.(3) Present a new idea of protection setting examination and rectification. Protection setting examination is used to examine the selectivity、 sensitivity and speed under certain operating condition, and pass an opinion whether these settings are wrong;Setting rectification is used to calculate new relay settings when error is found in setting examination.(4) Point out that interaction design is the key step in developing power system application software,which can secure usability.

主要成果有：(1)提出了以图形/数据平台为基础的插件式软件结构，通过配置不同版本的功能插件即可应用于不同特点的电网，对解决软件的通用性和可发展性具有重要意义；(2)提出了基于厂站方式、供电方式和检修规律相组合的运行方式分解方法，它能有效提高运行方式选择的合理性与全面性，使定值计算的正确性得到保障；(3)提出了保护定值校正的思想并进行了软件实现，它能检测当前保护定值在选择性、灵敏性、快速性等方面是否适合当前的运行方式，并对不正确的定值进行纠正；(4)指出交互设计应作为电力系统应用软件开发中的一个关键步骤，目的是保证软件的可用性，并对软件开发的过程进行了总结，提出了许多有益的实践经验。

The principle of the fractal-interpolated surface was discussed. The formula and the theorem of fractal dimension of the fractal-interpolated surface were analyzed. The numerical analysis of height anomaly fit by the fractal interpolated surface and the result comparison with the quadric polynomial surface model with practical data were given.

本文论述了分形插值曲面的原理，分析了分形插值曲面的计算公式，讨论了分形插值曲面的维数估计方法和公式，用实际数据进行了分形插值曲面拟合高程异常的数值分析以及与二次多项式曲面拟合模型结果的比较。

The new threshold function overcomes the shortcomings of the hard threshold with discontinuous function and solves the problem of the permanent bias in soft threshold function,and it is more flexible than the soft threshold and hard threshold function.

新阈值函数克服了传统硬阈值函数不连续的缺点，解决了软阈值函数中存在的恒定偏差，并且具有软硬阈值函数不可比拟的灵活性。

Value at Risk was main tool of market risk management but traditional VaR did not appreciate liquidity risk to make that VaR did not give correct information and was disvalue VaR to lead a large number of damages.

在现如今的风险管理工具中，风险值是应用最为广泛的一种，但在以往传统的风险值度量模型中，并不重视或是基本不考虑流动性不足问题所带来的风险，这使得风险值无法提供给投资者完全、真实、可靠的信息，更严重的问题是错估风险值会造成更大的损失。

Milk fiber.The influence of pH value,dyeing temperature and neutral electrolytes on percent exhaustion were studied.The dyeing rates and buildingup properties of these dyes were also discussed.The effect of pH value was prominent on percent exhaustion,showing that the electrovalent bond between the dyes and the casein component of the fiber played an important role in the uptake of dyes.The ...

染液pH值、染色温度、元明粉等对上染率的影响，以及这两类染料在牛奶丝上的染色速度和提升性能的研究表明，牛奶丝染色受pH值影响很大，说明染料与酪素蛋白之间的离子键结合对染料上染起重要作用；元明粉在各pH值下对上染率的影响显示，牛奶丝的等电点约为4；酸性染料对牛奶丝的初染率高、初染速度快，但80℃恒温下的上染速度却慢于蚕丝和羊绒；牛奶丝染色对pH值的敏感性大于蚕丝和羊绒，且其酸性染料上的提升力较蚕丝和羊绒差。

The traditional method is that sampling 20 equidistance discrete voltages to calculate the virtual value. To gain the virtual value, we firstly average their square values, and then extract it.

传统的计算有效值的方法是利用一个周期内等距离散的20个采样点的瞬时值进行求解，通过计算它们的均方根值来得到有效值。

According to the instantaneous value of transmission line voltage, the current instantaneous values of shunt reactors and 17 equivalent circuit capacitance can be calculated.

由线路电压瞬时值分别实时计算出流入并联电抗器和流入线路Ⅱ型等值电路两侧电容的电流瞬时值，再从线路每侧电流除去这两部分电流，用得到的新电流瞬时值作常规采样值差动和故障分量采样值差动保护计算。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。