债权人

The author thinks that it is necessary to specify the conditions and applicable range of active arrest and that under certain conditions active arrest can be transferred to arrest and reduplicated arrest should be allowed by law so that other creditors right can be protected while the ship is already under active arrest, thus the equality of laws can be realized.

6认定关联企业暨公司法人格的否定问题。笔者认为，当今航运企业应当正视关联企业的问题；在一定的条件下可以对公司的法人格进行否定，以使控制公司承担对债权人的债务，加大对债权人的保护力度；同时，程序法也应当同实体法相统一，只有明确适格的主体和举证责任等问题，才能实现真正的公平。

Among the five civil rights,those which cannot be subrogated include exclusive obligatory right for obligor,the aes strum in person,right of person,right of succession and intellectual property.Besides the aes strum due by paying,the aes strum without personality or undue in special situation,jus in rem and right of claim in rem can all be subrogated.

指出五大民事权利中，债权人不得代位行使的权利，除专属于债务人自身的债权外，还有公民的人身权，继承权，民事主体享有的知识产权；除金钱给付内容的到期债权外，只要是不具有人身属性的债权、特定情况下未到期的债权、物权及物上请求权，债权人都可代位行使。

If the company is undercapitalized, the creditor will lose an implicit guarantee of repayment.

公司还是会选择项目一，因为扣除返还给债权人的1000元以后，股东对项目二的期待利益只有4500元（扣除偿还给债权人的1000元），而如果投资项目一，股东可以获得5000元。

At first the author compares the legislation in different countries. Then he argues that under normal condition, the debtor can require one, several or all debtees suffering the liability, and the right of the debtor is somehow restricted when any of debtees is bankrupt.

在借鉴传统民法理论和各种立法例的基础上，论文认为在债权人行使权利方面，在正常情况下，债权人可同时或先后请求一个、数个或全体债务人承担部分或全部责任。

Nevertheless, in realistic life some obligors, on one hand, admit owing debt to obligees, on the other hand, they try to find an excuse of locking funds so as to delay paying off debts when the obliges ask them to pay off.

然而，在实际经济生活中，有些债务人对自己所欠的债务没有异议，承认自己对债权人负有债务。但当债权人向其追索债务的时候，却往往以资金周转困难，暂无偿还能力为由加以搪塞。

We should punish and put an end to void bankruptcy act so as to safeguard the lawful rights and interests of the creditor, prevent the loss of state assets and maintain the sanctity of the socialist legal system.

当前部分企业以破产为幌子，钻我国有关破产的法律、法规不健全的空子，欺骗债权人，损害国家、集体等债权人的合法权益，以达到逃避债务的目的，实施破产无效行为。

Sixty-third meeting of creditors be held, the manager should be known in advance to inform the creditors on the 15th.

5z8vR*xc-uJ1第六十三条召开债权人会议，管理人应当提前十五日通知已知的债权人。

Thirdly, in order to protect the creditor, director should assume joint and several liability to the creditor together with the company, and also discussed the onus probandi.

而且，从保护公司债权人利益的角度出发，认为董事应当与公司共同对公司债权人的损害承担连带责任，并且在此基础上对举证责任的承担进行了简要的阐述。

In actual operation, litigation is often the first right of first refusal of creditors to be, the interests of other creditors may not be guaranteed.

在实际操作中，往往是诉讼在先的债权人能够得到优先受偿权，其他债权人的利益可能得不到保证。

By using research means of jurisprudence, science of legal history and economic analysis, and comparative study of government procurement legal systems in various countries and regions, this paper makes approaches to Chinas establishment and improvement of legal system of government procurement.

本文通过对有限责任制和债权人保护制的分析研究，发现公司股东受利益驱动常常会不当地利用有限责任制度，使其成为获取不当利益损害交易相对人权益而又能逃避法律责任的保护工具，甚至公司的董事也享受着有限责任制度带来的不当利益，而公司债权人的利益却得不到充分保护。

The absorption and distribution of chromium were studied in ryeusing nutrient culture technique and pot experiment.

采用不同浓度K2CrO4(0，0.4，0.8和1.2 mmol/L)的Hoagland营养液处理黑麦幼苗，测定铬在黑麦体内的亚细胞分布、铬化学形态及不同部位的积累。

By analyzing theory foundation of mathematical morphology in the digital image processing, researching morphology arithmetic of the binary Image, discussing two basic forms for the least structure element: dilation and erosion.

通过分析数学形态学在图像中的理论基础，研究二值图像的形态分析算法，探讨最小结构元素的两种基本形态：膨胀和腐蚀；分析了数学形态学复杂算法的基本原理，把数学形态学的部分并行处理理念引入到家实际应用中。