债务人

The relationship between the respondent and Jiangmen Company and Hong Kong Company was payment consignation. The subject of debt did not change as claimed by the respondent, and the respondents legal status, debtor in this case, did not change. It was stated in the certificate that After receiving the goods, Jiangmen Company shall pay the Hong Kong Company, which then shall pay the Japanese company. After receiving the payment, the Japanese company shall inform Beijing company, which shall pay Jiangmen Company at once., which showed that the respondent was the debtor, and Jiangmen Company and Hong Kong Company both were the assignee entrusted by the respondent. Should the assignee fail to fulfill the obligation entrusted by the consigner, the consigner, being the debtor, undoubtedly should bear the payment obligation under the contract.

被申请人与江门公司、香港公司之间是一种委托付款关系，而不是像被申请人主张的那样，债务主体已经转移，被申请人是本案债务人的法律地位没有改变，证明中"江门公司收货后应即向香港公司付款，香港公司再向日本公司付款，日本公司收到货款后告知北京公司，北京公司即向江门公司付款"的叙述表明被申请人是债务人，江门公司、香港公司是被申请人委托的付款人，在受托人不履行委托人委托的义务的情况下，委托人作为债务人，当然负有履行合同付款的义务。

As to the legal problems in the process of asset transference, this essay probes the relations between the informing debtors and the legal validity of asset transference; the influence upon SPV's rights when original debtor claim offsetting and counterplea in the transaction of asset securitization; and suggests some preventive measures.The author also mentions how the initiator meets the demand of asset securitization's information disclosure, not disobeying the security responsibility to the debtor.

对于资产转让过程中的法律问题，主要分析了对有关债务人的通知与资产转让的合法有效性的关系；分析了资产证券化交易中原始债务人行使抵消权和抗辩权对SPV的权利产生的影响，并提出相关的防范措施；分析了发起人如何做到既满足资产证券化的信息披露需要，又不违反其对债务人的保密责任。

Legally , debt-to-equity swap means the conduit of the debtee converting its legal financial claims into investment to the debtor and increasing registered capitals of the debtor accordingly .

债转股即债权转股权的简称，从法律意义上讲，就是指债务人的债权人将其对债务人所享有的合法债权依法转变为对债务人的投资，增加债务人注册资本的行为，它包括债权的消灭和股权的产生两个法律关系。

Yet when the pledge is damaged by different parties,the relief of the security interest varies as follows:if caused by the debtor, he is deprived of his interest of period;if by the pledgor（the warrantor offering the pledge）,who failed to offer additionalp ledge,the liability of infringing the security interest will be imposed on him,besides the deprival of the deb-tor' s interest of period.

担保物被毁损时，担保物权之救济因毁损人不同而有区别：债务人毁损担保物的，可剥夺债务人的期限利益；担保人毁损担保物且不提供增担保的，除剥夺债务人的期限利益外，还可进一步追究担保人侵犯担保物权的责任；第三人毁损担保物的，担保物权人可对担保人的损害赔偿请求权进行物上代位，而不必主张侵害担保物权，同时，担保人也可主动提出增担保以阻止物上代位的发生。

Where the debt transferred, the concerned right of mortgage is transferred simultaneously, unless otherwise provided by law or agreed by parties. According to the word, the mortgagee and the mortgagor may agree that the mortgage of ship is not transferred with transferred prime debt. But they cannot agree that the right of mortgager is apart from the prime debt to transfer or become the right of mortgage for other debt. Where the debtor' performance ability and credit is better, as well as the debtor and the mortgagor are the same or have affiliated relation, it is possible that the right of mortgage is not transferred with transferred prime debt.

船舶抵押权人可以和抵押人约定除了"债务人不履行到期债务"以外的实现抵押权的情形，如约定当债务人有其他的违约行为或经营不善将影响到债务人的履约能力时、显著的船舶市场行情下降将影响船舶抵押权实现的额度、显著的船况下降将使船舶出现优先权和船舶留置权的可能性增加等情形出现时，船舶抵押权人可以实现债权。

Article 106 Where the pledgee exercises his pledge right to the pledgor or the debtor of the pledged obligation and is refused, he may bring lawsuit against the pledgor and debtor of pledged obligation, or sue the debtor separately.

第一百零六条质权人向出质人、出质债权的债务人行使质权时，出质人、出质债权的债务人拒绝的，质权人可以起诉出质人和出质债权的债务人，也可以单独起诉出质债权的债务人。

The main reason for the debtors' co-operations is: the debt-collectors normally "catch the ball before the bound" to implement their commitment actions to punish, and because of the lack of information about possible punishments the debt-collectors would carry out, the high expected cost of collecting and examining information, the uncertainty of the type of debt-collectors as well as the great probability of pugnacity on the part of debt-collectors by nature, the punishment commitment of debt-collectors would become more credible, the expected cost of debtors' breach of contracts would increase correspondingly, and as a result, the debtors have to choose cooperation passively.

债务人合作的主要原因是：收债人"先下手为强"实施威慑的承诺行动，而因债务人对收债人可能采取的惩罚措施缺乏充分信息，信息搜索和检验成本太高，收债人类型不确定，且天性好斗的概率偏大等因素，导致收债人惩罚的可置信度进一步提高，债务人违约的预期成本较高，从而被动选择合作。

The guarantor of the debtor or the debtor has replaced several other unliquidated obligations of the debtor, with its claim against the debtor the right to file claims.

UWtFN1第五十一条债务人的保证人或者其他连带债务人已经代替债务人清偿债务的，以其对债务人的求偿权申报债权。

The automatic stay is a system in bankruptcy law, it brings to a halt and prohibits all acts direct at the debtor to recover a prepetition claim and all other collections will have negative influence on property of the debtor's estate should cease upon the filing of a petition.

自动冻结是指在债务人或债权人提出破产申请后，所有针对债务人财产的个别执行行为及其他对债务人的财产可能构成消极影响的行为均应中止的一项制度。

Debtee can but ask for demos court exert the right of subrogation,in pendente lite not have to confirm debtor′s litigate status popularly,the effect of exertion vest in debtee straightly,debtor onus the charge that pay out thereout according to prescribe by law.

债权人只能请求人民法院行使代位权，在诉讼中无须一般地定债务人之诉讼地位，行使之效果直接归属于债务人，由此付出的必要费用直接根据法律规定由债务人负担

Neither the killing of Mr Zarqawi nor any breakthrough on the political front will stop the insurgency and the fratricidal murders in their tracks.

在对危险的南部地区访问时，他斥责什叶派民兵领导人对中央集权的挑衅行为。

In fact,I've got him on the satellite mobile right now.

实际上 我们已接通卫星可视电话了