信息技术的

The thesis studies the difference between GWSs composition and traditional workflow applications, proposes the implement mechanism and technical architecture of GWSs composition and defines the reference model of GWSs composition platform, which provide holistic framework and top-level guidance for studying dynamic GWSs composition technology, designing GWSs composition platform, and implementing representative composite service applications.2、Theories and methods of composite process modeling and process analysis. This thesis proposes a meta-model of Geo-spatial Web services composition process defining from two aspects, i.e. process and resource. According to the process definition meta-model, we propose a new Geo-spatial Web services composition Process/Resource model based on extended WF-net, which effectively resolves the problems on uncertain activity option and dynamic variation of service in composite process model. A notion with regard to soundness of process model is proposed from three aspects, i.e. the structural correctness of process model, validity of data link and validity of resource. The notion of soundness definitely gives a dividing line on correctness of composite GWS process. This thesis analyzes sufficient and essential terms of soundness, and studies compositional property of WSCP/R-net models which provides an effective method to construct a soundness WSCP/R-net model. According to WSCP/R-net, the thesis proposes composition algebra and studies the properties of it. Based on the composition algebra, 6 kinds of composite process reduction rules are induced to optimize the process.3、Geo-spatial Web service QoS model and its application architecture. This thesis proposes an extendable GWS QoS model from three aspects, i.e. Geo-spatial Web Service itself, networking conditions and service consumer which can be used to distinguish GWSs with overlapping or identical functionality. We work over the QoS evaluation methods of composite GWS process which can be used to guide the execution, monitor and service selection of composition process. Aming at some disadvantages in traditional Web service discovery model for its lacking of QoS supporting, this thesis proposes a new service discovery model SDMQ supporting QoS constraints.4、Technologies of composite service executing. SSPL, a new composite service process language, is defined to overcome the disadvantages of existing composite services process languages which can not adapt to the dynamic variation of Geo-spatial Web Services. An algorithm is described to translate WSCP/R-net model into SSPL. The thesis studies the model of dynamic services selection with QoS global optimization, presenting an algorithm GODSS to resolve dynamic services selection with QoS global optimization in GWSs Composition.5、Design and implement experimental system and representative applications. According to the research findings presented above, we design and implement an experimental system and construct two representative applications to show that our achievements are effective and practical.

针对当前空间信息服务聚合研究中存在的若干不足，本文重点在基于工作流的空间信息服务聚合框架、空间信息服务聚合流程建模和分析技术、空间信息服务QoS模型及应用体系以及空间信息服务聚合流程执行等几个方面进行深入研究，主要工作和创新点包括：1、基于工作流的空间信息服务动态聚合框架：研究了空间信息服务动态聚合和传统工作流应用的不同，在此基础上提出了基于工作流技术的空间信息服务动态聚合实现机制、技术体系和参考模型，为研究空间信息服务聚合的关键技术、开发服务聚合支撑平台以及在此基础上构造特定的空间信息服务聚合应用提供了总体框架和顶层指导。2、空间信息服务聚合流程建模和分析技术：首先基于动态服务聚合流程建模的需求和空间信息服务动态变化的应用实际，从服务聚合的过程维和资源维出发定义了服务聚合流程定义元模型；与之相对应，对基本的WF-net进行扩展，提出服务聚合流程/资源网作为空间信息服务聚合流程的形式化描述模型，有效解决了现有的基于基本Petri网和工作流网的服务聚合建模方法所不能解决的不确定路径选择和服务的动态变化性问题；从流程结构正确性、数据依赖有效性和资源实现有效性三个方面提出了WSCP/R-net健壮性的概念，明确界定了聚合流程正确性的标准，并对WSCP/R-net模型的健壮性分析方法和WSCP/R-net模型的组合特性进行了研究；提出了空间信息服务聚合代数算子并对其性质进行了研究，在此基础上提出了6种聚合流程约简规则，从而可达到优化聚合流程、提高聚合流程执行效率的目的。3、空间信息服务QoS模型和应用体系：从服务本身、网络环境和服务消费者三个层次出发，提出了一个可扩展的空间信息服务QoS模型GSQM，实现了对空间信息服务的度量和评价，并对GSQM不同质量要素信息的客观、公正采集方法进行了研究；研究了空间信息服务聚合流程QoS评价方法，有效支持了空间信息服务聚合流程的执行、监控以及服务选择等操作；针对目前的服务发现模型仅支持服务功能性描述、不能有效满足空间信息服务应用需求的现状，提出了一种新的支持QoS约束的服务发现模型SDMQ，并对模型的实现框架进行了研究。4、空间信息服务聚合流程执行技术：针对现有的服务聚合流程描述语言不能有效满足空间信息服务动态聚合流程描述的特点，基于BPEL4WS提出了一种新的空间信息服务聚合流程描述语言SSPL；研究了满足健壮性要求的WSCP/R-net模型向SSPL的转换算法，在此基础上可以满足用户无显式编码来实现空间信息服务聚合应用的目的；研究了服务动态选择QoS全局优化模型，并在此基础上提出了一种解决服务动态选择QoS全局优化问题的实现算法GODSS.5、基于论文研究成果，设计实现了"空间信息服务聚合实验系统"，并构建了"矿产资源评价"和"城市消防应急响应"两个典型应用案例，对论文所述模型、方法的可行性和有效性进行了验证。

In 1962, Peter Drucker, the famous master of economics and management, presents definitely that logistics was the last area for decreasing cost in his paper Economy"s Dark Continent published in fortune. For 40 years, the concept of logistics was expanded continually and more and more attentions were paid on it. Especially from middle of 1980"s to this day, with the increase of economic globalization and development of the information technology, more and more enterprises go back to their main businesses, and pay their points on these businesses such as product development, manufacture, marketing, which are their core businesses and they are good at. These businesses embody the competitive advantages of the enterprises.

1962年著名经济管理学大师彼得·杜拉克在美国《财富》杂志上发表《经济的黑暗大陆》一文，首次明确地提出物流是节约成本的最后领域。40年来，物流的概念在不断地拓展，人们对物流管理越来越重视，特别是80年代中期至今，随着经济全球化竞争的加剧、信息技术的飞速发展，许多生产企业回归主业，将精力集中于产品开发、生产、销售等具有竞争优势的核心专长业务的呼声日益高涨，理论界和企业界已不再浅层次的探讨物流管理的重要性问题了，他们开始探讨物流管理的模式问题，即：究竟是自营物流业务，还是将物流业务外包给专门从事物流管理的企业去做。

The technology of electric information is developing very fast and make much more and more electric products teem,which develop in the direction of handy and miniaturization,such as mordern times communication equipmen、handy electric product、luggable computer、electric car、moonlet,and so on.it is used at large that the power supply make use of storage battery.hower most of storage battery can but use appropriative chargers,that need long time in the electrification and can't judge the electrification parameter and spare electrification time.thus it need a have much function and handy intelligent charger device that is a far-ranging application different kinds and types.the text integrate upwards request that will introduce a device and system of intelligent charger base on singlechip.in the power supply loop,the transformer take the voltage from 220v to 12v,then the rectifier circuit take the voltage turn to 14v,it is by way of the voltage of electrification power supply.

内容提要：电子信息技术的快速发展使得各种各样的电子产品不断涌现，并朝着便携和小型轻量化的趋势发展，现代通讯设备、便携式电子产品、笔记本电脑、电动汽车、小卫星等普遍使用蓄电池作为电源，应用非常广泛。然而大多数设备中的蓄电池，只能使用专用的充电器，而且普通的充电器大多充电时间长，无法判断其充电参数和剩余的充电时间，那么就需要一种广泛应用于不同种类和型号的可知道其充电参数和剩余充电时间的多功能便携式通用智能充电设备。本文结合以上要求介绍一种基于单片机的通用智能充电器的设计。

Along with the coming of new century, knowledge economic is becoming a global tide insuppressibly, in the meantime, the traditional economic mode is falling across the more flinty challenges due to changes with each passing day. The following subjects should be pay high attention for each manager in private enterprise: How to keep the hearty life-force; How to achieve continuously development in new competitive structure of global economic; How to carry out the contribution to the country for the flourish and glory.

随着新的一个世纪的到来，知识经济已然成为全球不可遏制的发展潮流，信息技术的突飞猛进，日新月异也使得经济发展的传统模式遭遇愈来愈严峻的挑战，在这样一个时代背景下，作为在市场机制下通过近二十年的发展和努力摸索刚刚炼就了一身适应市场经济运行规律基本本领的民营企业，如何保持自己旺盛的生命力，在新一轮的经济全球化的竞争格局中实现可持续发展，并为我国最终实现经济的振兴和全面繁荣作出举足轻重的贡献，应该是每一个民营企业管理者在定位企业的发展战略中最应高度关注的课题。

On how to improve enterprise competitiveness growing number of leaders from the forum heading into day-to-day leaders and serious issues of today, Sok Litong, as always, worked tirelessly in the rapid development of cutting-edge information technology wholeheartedly for our regional, cross-country, cross-industry customers to provide the most intimate of the consultation, the most ingenious design, the implementation of the most best and most trusted service .

在如何提高企业竟争力日益从一些领袖论坛的标题转变成领袖们日常的和严峻的课题的今天，索利通一如既往，孜孜不倦地耕耘在急速发展的信息技术的前沿，全心全意地为我们跨地区，跨国家，跨行业的客户们提供最贴心的咨询，最精心的设计，最尽力的实施和最放心的服务。

Gradually folk high school teachers and study circle leaders in Sweden have realized that it is possible to create good learning conditions at a distance with the help of modern ICT.

瑞典民众高中的教师和学习圈的圈长越来越意识到，在现代化的信息技术的辅助下，创造远程的更好的学习条件是可能的。

With the development of information technology, the application of computer on each industry has been extended. The basic way in Accounting is Computerized Accounting Information System. Nowadays many companys in our country have already began to use Computerized Accounting Information Software. We have confidence that the transition from handworked accounting to computerized accounting will completely fulfilled several years later.

随着信息技术的发展，计算机在各行各业的应用已日益扩大，在会计领域最基本的、最普遍的是会计电算化，国内许多企事业单位都已使用电算化会计软件，相信不久的将来，我国将完全实现从传统的手工账向会计电子账的转变，而绝大多数会计师事务所还停留在手工审计上。

This article is introduces the information hideaway technology the development present situation, therefore this article mainly aims at the information hideaway technology at present in each domain development present situation, mainly introduced in the application domain in the copyright protection and the privacy communication several kind of information hideaways technology, as well as the information hideaway technology the function which displays in information security each domain, but also has carried on the forecast to the information hideaway technology future prospect.

本文是介绍信息隐藏技术的发展现状，因此本文主要针对信息隐藏技术目前在各个领域中的发展现状，并且主要介绍应用领域中版权保护和保密通信中的几种信息隐藏技术，以及信息隐藏技术在信息安全的各个领域中所发挥的作用，还对信息隐藏技术的未来的前景进行了预测。关键词：信息隐藏，数据锁定，隐匿标记，数字水印，阈下信道，匿名连接

This dissertation deeply discusses the meaning of modern logistics by tracing back the evolvement and development of modern logistics and analyzing modern logistics inscape. Furthermore, this dissertation analyzes the organization model of modern logistics, explains the relations between modern logistics management and supply chain management, and discusses many aspects which is related to modern logistics and information technology.

本文通过对现代物流概念演变与发展的追溯和对现代物流构成要素的分析探讨了现代物流的内涵和定义，并在此基础上界定了现代物流管理的内容，分析了现代物流管理的组织类型，理清了现代物流管理与供应链管理的关系，讨论了现代物流与信息技术的相关内容。

This can be seen in terms of its concept setting, historical development and present condition.

从数字图书馆个性化服务的概念、历史及现状着手，论述了个性化服务的必要性、服务方式、存在问题以及实行时需注意的事项，提出随着数字图书馆不断完善，它就能满足不同用户的需求，为图书馆的生存与发展带来了新的思路与希望；随着科学与信息技术的不断进步和图书馆服务概念的更新，数字图书馆个性化服务必将有一个广阔的未来。

For a big chunk of credit-card losses; the number of filings (and thus charge-off rates) would be rising again, whether

年美国个人破产法的一个改动使得破产登记急速下降，而后引起了信用卡大规模的亏损。

Eph. 4:23 And that you be renewed in the spirit of your mind

弗四23 而在你们心思的灵里得以更新