保险

Article 52 Two or more insurance companies engaged in the coinsurance of a same subject matter of special risks such as large projects or satellites, or at least one of the insurance companies has obtained approval for coinsurance in the place where the subject matter is located, shall not be subject to the restrictions concerning the area for business.

第五十二条两家或两家以上保险公司参与大型工程、卫星等特殊风险对同一保险标的共保，或其中至少一家保险公司已取得保险标的所在地经营保险业务许可的共保，可以不受经营区域范围限制。

Through the data comparative analysis, may see although the foreign capital insurance group insurance service still at starts the stage, the local insurance company's group insurance still monopolized the market, but concomitance foreign group insurance with steady steps growth, the existing market pattern break will be inevitable.

通过数据比较分析，可以看到尽管外资保险的团体保险业务尚在起步阶段，中资保险公司的团体保险业务仍然垄断市场，但伴随外资团体保险的稳步增长，现有市场格局的打破将不可避免。

In this paper,using annuity theory and combining with State Department′s 'the decision of establishing consolidated corporation employee pension system',the actuarial model of pension substitute rate with different contributing years to employees is derived;moreover,using this model,simulation is tested,which has important theoretical significance and practical application value to calculating substitute rate and completing the China pension policy.

利用年金理论并结合1997年国务院《关于建立统一的企业职工基本养老保险制度的决定》文件，得到我国职工在不同缴费年限下基本养老保险替代率精算模型，并利用该模型对基本养老保险替代率进行模拟分析。这对于明确我国当前基本养老保险替代率及完善基本养老保险政策具有重要的理论指导意义和实际应用价值。

Author also compares the coverage and need of different kinds of medical insurance, compares and analysis different kinds of medical insurance in US and development of HMO, then predict and design a draw of the system of medical insurance in China in which demostrate different kinds of medical insurance and their change.

此外，作者还通过对我国医疗保险体系构成、覆盖、需求情况进行比较，以及对美国医疗保险体系构成、HMO发展及变化进行分析，在此基础上预测并构建了我国的医疗保险变化示意图，它主要包含了我国医疗保险的主要成分及其变化，并将社区卫生服务契约制度纳入该体系，预测该制度将来会得到更快速的发展，成为我国医疗保险体系中的重要组成部分。

The article is made of seven parts:1. The maritime cargo insurance ensures the international trade to perform;2. The concluding and performing of the contract;3. PICC cargo insurance;4. The claiming and compensation;5. The dissention and solving of the contract;6. The existent problem in the cargo insurance;7. Probe into the countermeasures.

本论文分为七个部分：一、海上货物运输保险是国际贸易顺利进行的重要保障；二、海上运输货物保险合同的订立及履行；三、PICC(The Peoples Insurance Company of China)海洋运输货物险；四、索赔与理赔；五、海上运输货物保险纠纷与处理；六、海上运输货物保险发展中存在的问题；七、海上运输货物保险发展对策探讨。

The current situation of China's financial taxation is as follows: current taxes concerning the insurance industry, banking industry, and securities industry include sales tax, surtax, enterprise income tax, tax on maintenance and construction of the city, stamp duty, real estate duty etc.

第二部分金融业税收存在的问题中外银行、保险公司税负不平：外资银行、保险公司企业所得税税率比我国银行、保险公司低，对外资银行、保险公司的税收优惠多，而对中资银行、保险公司比较苛刻。

Although the hard-edged competition between Chinese insurance corporations and foreign ones can help enhance Chinese insurance corporations' competence, there is absolutely no "free lunch". As far as the development of Chinese insurance corporations is concerned, there still is a rather long and hard way to go.

尽管中国保险企业与外资保险公司在中国保险市场展开激烈竞争可以锻炼和提高中国保险企业的实力，但是这绝不是不需要任何代价的"免费午餐"，就中国保险企业在今后的发展来说，还有相当长的、相当艰难的道路要走。

Social Security: old-age insurance, medical insurance, industrial injury insurance and maternity insurance, unemployment insurance.

社保：养老保险，医疗保险，工伤保险，生育保险，失业保险。

Directors and officers liability insurance is an insurance system in which the insurance company shall, pursuant to the contract between itself and the insured directors and officers, bear the risk arising from the misdemeanour of the directors and officers, and compensate the company or the third party for any damage or losses caused to them by the directors and officers because of their misdemeanours or the litigation fees for resolving such disputes.

公司董事及高级职员责任保险是指将公司董事、高级职员在从事公司业务时因过错行为对公司或第三者造成损害而被要求承担民事损害赔偿责任以及为解决此种纠纷而支付诉讼费用的风险转嫁给保险公司，由保险公司按照保险合同约定来给付赔偿金的一种保险制度。

I broaden and deepen the assumption ,and is that in the insurance economy where there two types of policyholders ,the truths, who always report the true state of the insurance accident, and the Dares, who dare misreport the true state of the insurance accident ,the study shows that no separating contract exists.

本文在前人现有的研究成果上，对保险欺诈研究问题进行了拓宽和深化，即基于现实保险市场并非所有的投保人都是不诚信(来源：f1ABC论af文网www.abclunwen.com)的情况下，把保险市场上的投保人分为两种投保人即诚实和不诚实的投保人，来对保险欺诈进行研究，研究结果表明不存在分离保险合同。

I didn't watch TV last night, because it .

昨晚我没有看电视，因为电视机坏了。

Since this year, in a lot of villages of Beijing, TV of elevator liquid crystal was removed.

今年以来，在北京的很多小区里，电梯液晶电视被撤了下来。