保险

Buildings are the focuses of people's life, the destroy of those will have great influence on people's life. However, if the government interferes in reconstruction deeply, it will transfer the taxation of non-disaster area to disaster area, and so does the relationship between those who don't bear risks and those who bear risks. The result is unfair, so the effective way to protect people's property is to use insurance to bear risks. Although Taiwan has had earthquake insurance since 1972, the number of people who got amende wasn't large. Taiwan repaired the earthquake insurance of buildings, but the price of it was regular, which was unfair. The lack of accurate legitimacy and clearness reveals from this process.

由於住宅是国民生活重心，若是遭受损毁将会对人民生活带来影响，然而政府若是过度介入补救工程，会使国家税收由非灾区转移到灾区、非风险承担者转移到风险承担者身上，造成其间的不公平发展，因此有效保障国民财产安全方法便是采用保险制度来分担风险，虽然我国早在民国61年起便已开办地震保险，但根据资料指出在集集地震灾害中受保障的民众仍不多，民国八十七年前投保地震保险户数实际仅占约国内户数的0.2％，我国在集集地震后重新制订住宅地震保险制度，其保险费用采用单一保费，有违背保险之公平原则，由此可以看出新制地震险在建筑物损害率方面缺乏明确的合理化且透明化的过程。

This article try to analyze the problems existing in the development of the insurance companies to expand the banc assurance and development history and future trend of China banks from the viewpoint of idea marketing this advanced marketing theory, and to discuss and study the practical application of idea marketing in Banc assurance so as to seek a sales model catering to the development of China banc assurance.

本文试从观念营销这一先进营销理论的角度就中国银行保险的发展历史与未来的发展趋势，及保险公司在银行保险发展过程中所遇到的问题进行分析，并就观念营销在银行保险的具体应用，特别是专家型销售模式的运作流程进行探讨与研究，以探求符合中国银行保险发展现状的最佳销售模式。

The "insurance intermediary institutions" as mentioned in these Measures refers to the insurance agencies, insurance brokerage institutions and insurance assessment institutions.

本办法所称保险中介机构，是指保险代理机构、保险经纪机构和保险公估机构。第四条本办法所称设立境外保险类机构，是指保险公司的下列行为

The moral hazards resulted in by the asymmetric information among applicant, insured and beneficiary include insurance risk increase caused by indulgence and intent after the conclusion of insurance contract; causing insurance accidents with intent; failing to inform in time after insurance accident; reporting more or higher loss to gain excess insurance benefits; falsifying insurance accident to gain unjust interest.

投保人、被保险人和受益人因信息不对称所致的道德风险表现在合同缔结后放任或者故意造成保险风险增加；故意造成保险事故的发生；在保险事故发生后没有及时通知；保险事故发生后，多报或者高报损失以获取超额保险金；没有发生保险事故却谎称发生保险事故以获取不正当利益等。

A contract of marine insurance is deemed to be a gaming or wagering contract Where the assured has not an insurable interest as defined by this Act and the contract is entered into with no expectation of acquiring such an interest; or Where the policy is made "interest or no interest" or "without further proof of interest than the policy itself", or "without benefit of salvage to the insurer", or subject to any other like term.

2海上保险合同在下列情况下，被认为是赌博合同：被保险人对保险标的无本法规定的保险利益，而且在缔约后仍无获得此种保险利益的可能；保险单是按&无论有无保险利益&或&除保险单本身外，再无具有保险利益的证明&，，或&保险人无救助利益&等条件，或按其他类似条件订定的。

It concludes: the organizational supervisory of insurance adjuster, practitioner supervisory of insurance adjuster, business scope supervisory of insurance adjuster, behavior supervisory of insurance adjuster and cognizance responsibility supervisory of insurance adjuster, etc.

这里主要从保险公估人的组织监管，保险公估人的执业资格监管，保险公估人的营业范围管理，对保险公估人的执业行为监管，保险公估人认定责任监管等几个方面，来进一步理解保险公估监管的体系。

2 Warranted that no insurance on any interests enumerated in the foregoing 20.1.1 to 20.1.7 in excess of the amounts permitted therein and no other insurance which includes total loss of the Vessel P.P.I., F.I.A., or subject to any other like term, is or shall be effected to operate during the currency of this insurance by or for account of the Assured, Owners, Managers or Mortgagees.

20.2 保证上述第20.1.1项至20.1.7项所列任何利益的保险不超过所允许的保险金额，并不得有由被保险人、船东、管理人或抵押权人或以其名义在本保险期内安排原或将安排的包括保险船舶的P.P.I。， F.I.A。，或受任何其他类似条款制约的全损保险在内的其他保险。

At the same time, we should also consummate the restricting mechanism by their self-locating to form them self-restricting. Then we should exercise the punishment rationally and found up the credit evaluating system to restrict their behavior so that finally we can satisfy the efficient demand of the insurance market and help the insurance company operate and develop steadily.

同时，应完善对个人保险代理人的约束机制，通过个人保险代理人的自我定位形成自我约束，再通过对合理的惩罚力度的运用和个人保险代理人信用评估体系的建立来约束个人保险代理人在展业中的行为，从而满足保险市场的有效需求和保险公司的稳定经营和发展。

The thesis tends to investigate the establishment of the insurance cycle score and business cycle of the premium of new business. We utilize six kinds of different insurance of new business to be our investigate object, that including ordinary life insurance, group life insurance, individual health insurance, group health insurance, personal accident insurance and group accident insurance. Besides observing fluctuate of the firsthand information, we used the maximum likelihood estimation to estimate the unknown parameter of Markov switching models. Try to cognizance the peak and the trough of business cycle.

本研究在探讨保险新契约之保费的景气循环状况与景气分数的制定，其中我们利用六种不同的保险新契约保费当研究对象，包括个人人寿保险保费、团体人寿保险保费、个人健康保险保费、团体健康保险保费、个人伤害保险保费和团体伤害保险保费，除了观察原始资料的波动外，亦采用最大概似估计法来估计马可夫转换模型的未知参数，尝试著去认定景气循环的高峰与谷底。

On the basis of comparing the relative provisions of CMC and CIL, according to the basic theories of contract law, insurance law and marine insurance law, by reference to the Marine Insurance Act, 1906, laws in some other countries and clauses of marine insurance contract, the author analyzes in this paper the provisions of definition of marine insurance contract, disclosure, warranty, principle of indemnity, double insurance, subrogation, and modification, transfer and cancellation of marine insurance contract as well as rights and duties of the insurer and the insured. The author points out those provisions which are either duplicate, imperfect or reasonable in CMC and CIL, draws the conclusion which provisions shall be deleted, which provisions shall be modified and, if so, how they shall be modified.

本文以比较《海商法》与《保险法》相关规定为基础，结合合同法、保险法和海上保险法的基本理论，适当参照英国《1906年海上保险法》及其他一些国家的规定，并适当参考海上保险合同条款，对我国《海商法》海上保险合同的规定是否应引入投保人的概念，如何规定海上保险合同的定义，告知义务，保证义务，损失补偿原则，重复保险，保险人的代位求偿权，海上保险合同的变更、转让与解除，以及保险人和被保险人的权利义务等问题，进行了详细深入的研究，分析了《海商法》相关规定与《保险法》的重复之处、规定不完善之处以及规定合理之处，并在此基础上，进一步分析了哪些规定应当删除，哪些规定应当修改以及如何修改。

I didn't watch TV last night, because it .

昨晚我没有看电视，因为电视机坏了。

Since this year, in a lot of villages of Beijing, TV of elevator liquid crystal was removed.

今年以来，在北京的很多小区里，电梯液晶电视被撤了下来。