侵权行为

The main difference between the joint danger action and the joint tort without intention liaison is that in the joint danger action, the inflictors are uncertain; but in the joint tort without intention liaison, the inflicter is clear.

共同危险行为与无意思联络的数人侵权主要区别在于共同危险行为中，加害人具有不确定性，而在无意思联络的数人侵权中，加害人是明确的。

Any act of infringement or breach of contract committed prior to the entry into force of this Law shall be dealt with in accordance with the relevant regulations or policies in force at the time when such act was committed.

本法施行前发生的侵权或者违约行为，依照侵权或者违约行为发生时的有关规定和政策处理。

Any acts of infringement or breach of contract committed prior to the entry into force of this Law shall be treated according to the relevant regulations and policies in force at the time when they were committed.

本法施行前发生的侵权或者违约行为，依照侵权或者违约行为发生时的有关规定和政策处理。

The second, make sure the right of privacy and power, other rights to apply the principle: Namely be principle, power towards power proceed strict system roughly, had match comparison principle (aptness principle, necessity principle with comparison principle) that when the right of privacy and power take place to conflict, can have the initiative to apply with the rights basis, and cannot breach the relevant entity method with the provision of the procedure method; When the right of privacy conflict with the other rights occurrence, on the equal foundation of rights, make use of the basic value for method for background for row preface for rights for rank principle with benefits measuring and rights moderating the principle make suring have the initiativing the suitable for use, namely advancedly act liking the right of quality with rights row preface, the former is a kind of law ruling, having the stable legal effect, the latter then having the palliation with individual, by the of the right of conflict representing of preface and worth an of scene row the freedom, justice, order with general value equal, the efficiency, benefits is one by one in order preface suit

第二，确定权力与其他权利是否侵犯隐私权的标准：即以权利本位的理念，对权力进行严格制约，只有符合比例原则(适当性原则、必要性原则和比例性原则)的权力才不构成侵权，并不得违反有关实体法和程序法的规定；在权利平等的基础上，利用情景排序及价值位阶原则和利益衡量及权利协调原则确定其他权利是否构成侵权，即先进行同质权利的排序和权利的背景排序，前者是一种法律规定，具有稳定的法律效力，后者则具有暂时性和个体性，按权利所代表的法的基本价值和一般价值依次序适用。一般价值的适用次序，则根据具体情况，按利益衡量、权利协调的原则确定，使个案的解决能够适当兼顾双方的利益。第三，确定隐私权的内容，采用列举式和概括式的方法对侵犯隐私权的行为予以具体化，并规定排除侵权的例外，包括正当业务行为，权利人的承诺及推定承诺行为，契约行为，自弃行为及自救行为。第四，对科学技术发展和国际政治经济变化引发的隐私权保护问题予以充分重视，以制度化、法律化解决问题。

The infringements listed in Article 47 of the Copyright Law, which damage the public interests at the same time

著作权法第四十七条列举的侵权行为，同时损害公共利益的

Infringements of intellectual property rights, provided that the requirements of this Section are met.

各成员可针对涉及其他知识产权侵权行为的货物提出此种申请，只要符合本节的要求。

The closest connection principle;lex loci delicti;substantive justice

最密切联系原则；侵权行为地法；实质正义

In Part 3, five conflict rules of maritime conflict law are reviewed in details, which are law of the flag, lex fori, party autonomy ,"most closely connected" principle, lex loci delicti cmommossi, law of the adjustment base.

本文的第三部分首先对船旗国法、意思自治与&最密切联系原则&、法院地法、侵权行为地法、理算地法律这五个海事冲突法的法律适用原则作了比较详尽的论述，并在此基础上对每一个法律适用原则具体解决哪些海事法律冲突以及主要在哪些实际方面适用进行了详细的论述。

As we know,the features of Internet such as fiction and no territory have brought impact on the civil cases of Internet——related,traditional methods to determine jurisdiction which take the district as conjunctive factor have encountered difficulty in the Internet—related cases.The factors to determine the jurisdiction such as forum rei,lex loci contractus,lex loci delicti become indefinite in the Internet surrounding.

网络的虚拟性、超国界性等特点给涉网的民商事纠纷的管辖权确定带来挑战，传统的以地域为连结因素的管辖权确定方法在网络案件中遇到了困难，被告所在地、合同履行地、侵权行为地等连结因素的确定在网络环境下变得不明确。

BLOOM: Sirs, take notice that by the law of torts you are bound over in your own recognisances for six months in the sum of five pounds.

472布卢姆：各位先生，请注意，由于你们的侵权行为，应交保释金五英镑，限期六个。

I will endeavour to find you some assistance.

我尽力帮你找人帮忙。

At first I only know bruck is the idol of American younglings, afterwards I returned back to Taiwan ,even in Beijing last year ,I saw her poster everywhere, I was so surprised at her charm.

起初我只晓得布鲁克雷德丝是美国少男少女崇拜的偶像，后来回台湾，甚至去年在北京，居然也四处看见她的海报，才惊讶她的魅力之大。