侧脉

Ocrea 3- or 4-veined; leaf blade adaxially with conspicuous midvein and inconspicuous lateral veins.

Ocrea 3或4脉；叶片正面具明显的中脉和不明显的侧脉。 7 P 。 humifusum 普通萹蓄

Ocrea 5-9-veined; leaf blade adaxially with conspicuous midvein and lateral veins.

托叶鞘5-9脉；有明显中脉和侧脉的叶片正面。 16 P 。 rigidum 尖果萹蓄

Spikelets laterally compressed, florets several, all bisexual or lowest sterile and without a palea; rachilla glabrous, disarticulating above glumes and sterile floret and between fertile florets; glumes lanceolate, shorter than lemmas, subequal or unequal, scarious-membranous, 1–3-veined, obtuse to acuminate or aristulate; lemmas ovate-lanceolate, scarious-membranous, 3-veined, long-ciliate on lateral veins, keeled, apex setaceously bidentate with a short, often recurved awn from the sinus; palea shorter than lemma, hyaline, keels very shortly ciliate.

小穗侧面压扁，小花数个，全部不育和没有一内稃的最低的两性的或；高于颖片和不结果的小花无毛，脱节的小穗轴和在肥沃的小花之间；披针形的颖片，短于外稃，近等长或不等长，干膜质膜质，1-3脉，具小芒的钝到渐尖或；卵状披针形，干膜质的外稃膜质，3脉，具长缘毛在侧脉上，龙骨状，先端setaceously具双齿具短，通常下弯从那里那些凹缺；内稃短于外稃，透明，龙骨非常短的纤毛。

Petiole 5-7 mm, pubescent; leaf blade dark or purple-green, glossy adaxially, light green abaxially, orbicular or elliptic to oblong, sometimes obovate, 5-9 × 2.8-6 cm, leathery, both surfaces glabrous, but sometimes puberulous along margin, base broadly cuneate, apex acuminate or acute, apiculate; lateral veins 15-20 pairs, more conspicuous abaxially, veins and veinlets slender, subparallel, obscure.

叶柄5-7毫米，具短柔毛；叶片深色的或紫色绿色，正面有光泽，淡绿背面，圆形的或椭圆形到长圆形，有时倒卵形， 5-9 * 2.8-6 厘米，革质，两面无毛，但是有时被微柔毛的沿边缘，基部宽楔形，先端渐尖或锐尖的，具细尖；侧脉15-20 对，更多的背面明显，脉和细脉纤细，近平行，不明显。

Leaf blade 5-20 cm, apex acuminate or long acuminate, margin serrate, abaxially puberulent on veins or barbate in axils of veins, lateral veins 9-17 pairs

渐尖的5-20厘米的叶片，先端渐尖或更长，边缘有锯齿，背面被微柔毛在脉上或具髯毛在腋处的脉，侧脉对 4

General yellow-green or yellow interveinal chlorosis of fully expanded and younger leaves with major veins and most minor vein clearly defined green without appreciable adjacent green lamina; some younger leaves with profuse interveinal brown necrotic spotting.

甜菜缺铁：完全展开叶的脉间褪绿一般黄绿色或黄色，嫩叶的主脉和大部分侧脉明显显示绿色没有可察觉的相连的薄层；一些嫩叶脉间有大量褐斑。

Fruit dehiscent siliques, linear or rarely oblong, terete, 4-angled, or latiseptate, sessile or shortly stipitate, segmented; valvular segment dehiscent, 4-46-seeded, longer than terminal segment, smooth or torulose, valves with a prominent midvein and obscure lateral veins; terminal segment seedless or 1(-3)-seeded; replum rounded; septum complete, translucent or opaque, veinless or with a distinct midvein; style obsolete or distinct; stigma capitate, entire or 2-lobed.

果开裂长角果，线形或很少长圆形，，四棱形，具宽隔膜的或，无梗或具短柄，裂片；开裂的瓣裂裂片，4-46种子，长于顶生裂片，近念珠状的平滑或，裂爿具一突出和不明显侧脉；顶生的裂片无籽的或1(-3)种子；假隔膜绕行；完全的隔膜，不透明的半透明或，无脉或具一离生中脉；花柱废退的或离生；柱头头状，全缘的或2裂。

Leaves paripinnate, alternate, 25-40 cm with petioles; axis and petioles grayish yellow tomentose; leaflets usually 4 pairs, opposite; petiolules 3-4 mm, densely tomentose; blades adaxially deep green, oblong or ovate-oblong, 13-30 × 5-11 cm, papery, abaxially sparsely tomentose along midveins and lateral veins, adaxially sparsely tomentose along midveins, or glabrous on both sides, lateral veins 17-22 pairs, prominent on both sides when dry, base slightly cordate, margin entire, apex caudate-acuminate. Inflorescence racemose or thyrsoid, on stems and old branches, 1.5-4 cm, densely grayish yellow to grayish brown pubescent.

偶数羽状的叶子，互生，25-40厘米叶柄；轴和叶柄淡灰黄色被绒毛；通常的小叶4 对，对生；小叶柄3-4毫米，密被绒毛；叶片正面深的绿色，长圆形或卵形长圆形， 13-30 * 5-11 厘米，纸质，沿着中脉和侧脉被绒毛的背面稀疏，正面沿着中脉的稀疏绒毛，花序总状或聚伞圆锥状的，在茎和老枝上生，1.5-4厘米，密被淡灰黄色到淡灰棕色短柔毛。

Stipules gradually deciduous, triangular, 1-2 mm, membranous; petiole often unequal in length, 0.5-7 cm; leaf blade dark green or green blue, ovate, lanceolate, or obovate-oblong, asymmetric, unequal or equal in size, 1-15 × 0.6-5 cm, thinly papery or submembranous, 3(or 5)-veined, lateral veins many, irregularly reticulate, external secondary veins anastomosing by margin, sometimes inconspicuous, cystoliths finely fusiform, conspicuous adaxially, base obliquely rounded or subcordate, sometimes cuneate, margin entire or sometimes undulate, apex shortly or long caudate-acuminate. Inflorescences solitary; male inflorescence a cymose panicle or racemelike, often longer than leaves; female cymes as long as or shorter than leaves, pedunculate.

逐渐落叶，三角形的托叶，1-2毫米，膜；叶柄通常不等长，0.5-7厘米；蓝色的深绿色的叶片或绿色，卵形，，或倒卵形长圆形，不对称，不等长或大小相等， 1-15 * 0.6-5 厘米，薄纸质的或近膜质， 3(或5)脉，侧脉很多，不规则网状，外部次脉网结的在边缘，有时不明显花序单生；雄花序一总状花序状的密伞圆锥花序或，通常长于叶；雌性聚伞花序等长或短于叶，有花序梗。

Lateral veins and veinlets not impressed adaxially, veinlets not impressed abaxially, not purple-red when dried

不凹陷的不侧脉和细脉正面凹陷，细脉，干燥时并非紫红色 10

The concept of equivalent rotationally rigidity is offered and the formula of rotationally rigidity is obtained.

主要做了如下几个方面的工作：对伸臂位于顶部的单层框架—筒体模型进行分析，提出了等效转动约束的概念和转动约束刚度的表达式。

Male cats normally do not need aftercare with the exception of the night after the anesthetic.

男猫通常不需要善后除了晚上的麻醉。