侧脉

The results of character evolution history reconstruction shows the SC in PT and AD clade might be a homoplasy character; also, the SC in PT clade might have multiple origins. SC in Pteridaceae has some special characteristics:(1) the cell long axes usually run parallel to the lateral veins;(2) Most of Pteris and Adianum species have VSC only in lower epidermis;(3) Species have ISC also have VSC.(4) Presence of spicular cells is highly correlated with the long veinal epidermal cells. Species have type III silica deposition type usually have longer and narrower veinal epidermal cell compared with ordinary epidermal cells; Species have type IV silica deposition type also have long epidermal cells, but not significantly different from ordinary epidermal cells.

本实验中亦发现凤尾蕨科之矽异形细胞具有几项特色：(1)矽异形细胞之长轴多与叶片侧脉方向平行(2)发现多数铁线蕨属以及凤尾蕨属植物仅下表皮具有脉上矽异形细胞；(3)具有脉间矽异形细胞的种类会同时具有脉上矽异形细胞；(4)长条形的侧脉上表皮细胞与矽异形细胞具有相关性，仅具脉上矽异形细胞的分类群之脉上表皮细胞均较一般表皮细胞细长；具有脉间矽异形细胞之物种之脉上表皮细胞亦为长条形但形态与一般表皮细胞常无明显形态差异。

Leaves sessile or subsessile; blade ovate or oblong to elliptic or oblanceolate or linear,(0.3-)0.8-2.5 cm × 3-12 mm; thickly papery to subleathery, abaxially glaucous or sometimes minutely papillose; laminar glands pale, dots, rather sparse, prominent above; intramarginal glands black, dense or irregular; main lateral veins 3- or 4-paired, sometimes forming ± marked submarginal vein, tertiary reticulation lax or obscure; base cuneate to angustate, margin entire and recurved, apex acute to rounded.

叶无柄或近无柄；线形的卵形的叶片或长圆形到椭圆形或倒披针形或，(0.3-)×3-12毫米0.8-2.5厘米；厚纸质到近革质，背面苍白或有时稍具小乳突；片状腺体苍白，小圆点，相当稀，在上面突出；近边缘内腺体黑色，浓或者不规则；主要侧脉3-或4对，有时形成多少显著的亚缘脉，第三级网脉疏松或不明显；基部楔形到狭，边缘全缘和下弯，先端锐尖到圆形。

Leaves with petiole 0.5-2 mm; blade narrowly triangular-lanceolate, 2.5-5.8 × 0.7-2.3 cm, thickly papery, abaxially ± densely glaucous; laminar glands long to short streaks; abaxial glands rather sparse; main lateral veins 2- or 3-paired, all branches clearly visible and forming undulating intramarginal vein, tertiary reticulation nearly invisible; base cuneate, apex acute to subacute.

叶具叶柄0.5-2毫米；叶片狭三角形披针形， 2.5-5.8 * 0.7-2.3 厘米，厚纸质，背面多少密被白霜；片状的腺长到短条纹；背面的腺体相当稀；主要侧脉2-或3对，全部的分枝明显可见的并且形成波状近边缘内脉，近看不见的第三级网脉；基部楔形，先端锐尖到近尖。

Foliaceous profound change is simple, shape pouring egg grows a circle, or wrap around needle form; Arteries and veins of exterior midrib, side and net arteries and veins fall greatly sunken and show wave state thick lines, young when body of the gland that be mixed by maize wool, the nervation below is protuberant, close by the fallow thick hair that comprises to astral shape wool by bunch shape wool by, constitute the adornment pattern with one luxuriant leaf, accordingly " annals of picture of plant of high mountain eyebrow " make knit Xie Dujuan again.

叶厚革质，倒卵状长圆形，或倒披针形；表面的中脉。侧脉和网脉深下凹而呈波状粗皱纹，幼时被黄色毛和腺体，下面的叶脉突起，密被由簇状毛至星状毛组成的淡棕色厚毛被，构成一叶华丽的装饰图案，因此《峨眉植物图志》又叫皱叶杜鹃。

Leaves trifoliolate; lateral leaflets subsessile, petiolule of terminal leaflet 2-4 cm; leaflet blades oblong-lanceolate to elliptic, 5-10 cm, subcoriaceous, glabrous or densely pubescent on abaxial surface when young and pubescent along veins when mature, green adaxially, pale green abaxially, lateral veins 7-10 pairs, base obtuse to rounded, sometimes oblique on lateral leaflets, margin serrulate with hard teeth, apex narrowly acuminate.

叶具三小叶；近无柄的侧生小叶，顶生小叶的小叶柄2-4厘米；小叶叶片长圆状披针形的到椭圆形，5-10厘米，近革质，在背面上幼时无毛的或密被短柔毛的，成熟时短柔毛沿脉，正面绿色，背面浅绿色，侧脉7-10对，基部钝到圆形，有时在侧生小叶上斜，边缘细锯齿具硬齿，先端狭渐尖。

Petiole 1.5-2 cm, glabrescent or sparsely villous to densely pubescent or tomentose; leaf blade ovate, ovate-oblong, or obovate-oblong, 8-15 × 4-5 cm, abaxially sparsely to densely villous along midvein and lateral veins or densely pubescent and tomentose, adaxially sparsely villous or glabrescent, base unequally cordate, margin irregularly and doubly setiform serrate, apex acuminate or caudate-acuminate; lateral veins 15-20 on each side of midvein.

叶柄1.5-2厘米，后脱落或去密被短柔毛的疏生长柔毛或者；叶片卵形，卵状长圆形，或倒卵形长圆形， 8-15 * 4-5 厘米，背面稀疏到或者密被短柔毛和被绒毛密被长柔毛沿中脉和侧脉，侧脉15-20在中脉两边各。

Leaves simple; petiole 5-15 mm; leaf blade adaxially dark green and nitid, obovate, 6-11 × 3-7 cm, papery, abaxially sparsely pubescent, crinite in axils of lateral veins, adaxially sometimes pubescent on midvein, lateral veins 8-15 pairs, straight or not, branched far away from margin, terminal veins running into teeth, attenuate from middle to base, upper margin undulate-serrulate, apex rounded or subtruncate, tip shortly acute. Panicle terminal, 9-30 × 10-20 cm, 4 × branched, pubescent.

单叶 叶柄5-15毫米；叶片正面深绿色和有光泽，倒卵形， 6-11 * 3-7 厘米，纸质，背面稀疏短柔毛，具长软毛的在侧脉腋处，在中脉上正面有时短柔毛，侧脉8-15 对，直与否，远离边缘的分枝，圆锥花序顶生， 9-30 * 10-20 厘米，4回分枝，短柔毛。

Stipules caducous, small; leaf blade thinly leathery; lateral veins pinnate; tertiary veins scalariform , margin entire. Flowers sessile or shortly pedicellate, in lax panicles of unilateral racemes; bracts early caducuous, linear.

托叶早落，小；叶片薄革质；侧脉羽状；第三脉梯状，边缘全缘花无梗或有短花梗，在疏松单侧的总状花序圆锥花序里；苞片早落，线形。

Petiole 8-20 cm, glabrous; leaf blade 5-7-foliolate; leaflets sessile, abaxially green, oblanceolate, 10-25 × 5-12 cm, abaxially glabrous or with sparse whitish hairs, ferruginous tomentose at base and in axils of lateral veins, base cuneate, margin crenate-serrate with teeth crenulate-serrulate, apex acuminate to subcaudate; lateral veins in 18-25 pairs.

叶柄8-20厘米，无毛；叶片5-7具小叶；小叶无柄，背面绿色，倒披针形， 10-25 * 5-12 厘米，背面无毛或者有稀少带白色毛的，被锈色绒毛在基部和在侧脉腋处，基部楔形，边圆齿状锯齿具细圆齿到细锯齿的牙齿，18-25对的侧脉。

Lateral veins and veinlets apparently impressed adaxially, veinlets prominently raised abaxially, purple-red when dried.

干燥时的显著的侧脉和细脉表面上正面凹陷，细脉背面突起，紫红色。 4 S。 impressinervis 凹脉苹婆

I didn't watch TV last night, because it .

昨晚我没有看电视，因为电视机坏了。

Since this year, in a lot of villages of Beijing, TV of elevator liquid crystal was removed.

今年以来，在北京的很多小区里，电梯液晶电视被撤了下来。