侧弯

Each of eight adult fresh cadaver specimen of lumbarsacral segmcnts was analyzed in four states: intact, L5S1 ALIF, L5S1 ALIF fixed with pedicle screw or fixed with translaminar facets screw, test and compare its range of motion in flexion, extension, lateral bending and axial rotation.

方法］ 采用新鲜腰椎标本8具，分别于完整状态、L5S1，前路植以Cage、L5S1，前路Cage分别行椎弓根钉固定及经椎板关节突螺钉固定下，测定前屈、后伸、侧弯及扭转运动下运动范围并进行比较。

There was an inverse relationship between scoliosis severity and age when ambulation was lost in KAFOs.

脊柱侧弯的严重程度和年龄增长时，则会损耗KAFOs 。

A three-dimension FEM model of normal L4-5 was built, and the lumbar facet joints were treated as to contact with each other. Various motions of L4-5 were simulated by changing the loads: anteflexion, retroversion, right rotation, right bending and longitudinal compression.

本文建立了L4-5正常运动节段的有限元模型，将两小关节面处理为接触模型，分析了小关节面在腰椎前屈、后伸、侧弯、旋转及压缩运动状态下的受力情况，发现小关节在承载方面作用较大，特别是抗旋转运动过程中作用更明显。

Radiographic examination included Cobb angle, rotation angle of apical vertebrae, and translation of the C7 vertebra from the center sacral line on the coronal plane.

手术后并随访2年以上的特发性脊柱侧弯的病人（81例）被用来评价。X线检查包括Cobb角，椎体顶点的旋转角和C7椎体在冠状面从骶正中线的平移。

Results (1) 6 cases of Tuberous Sclerosis. Diffused subependymal nodular calcification lesions were found in all cases on unenhenced CT. 4 patients are 2 pairs of mother/child relationship. Both of the two mothers are found to suffer from renal angiomyolipoma.(2)1 case of neurofibromatosis showed abnormal spinal canal: scoliosis of thoracic and lumbar spine, concave change of vertebral posterior border. Bilateral renal hypogenesis was found in this patient. Diffused hyper-density lesions were found in kidney and fatty accumulation was found in back skin.(3)6 cases of Sturge-Weber syndrome. On unenhenced CT, curving and strip-shaped calcifications were found along the parietal and occipital gyrus.

结果 ①结节性硬化6例，所有病例CT平扫见两侧脑室室管膜下多发小结节状高密度钙化灶，其中4例为两对母子关系，并见两位母亲合并有肾脏错构瘤，；②神经纤维瘤病1例，MRI表现为椎管异常，胸腰段脊柱侧弯，椎体后缘呈明显的切凹改变；伴有双肾发育不良，CT示肾内多个高密度影，背部皮肤多量脂肪堆积，③脑颜面血管瘤综合征6例， CT可见顶枕部沿脑回分布的弯曲的条状高密度钙化，部分延伸致侧脑室内，增强后见病灶内有扭曲的条状和结节状明显强化的血管影；④小脑血管瘤病4例，影像学表现为小脑内大囊、小结节样占位性病变。

Background. Special seating has been widely used in clinic to improve sitting postures of SCI persons. However, little has been known about the effects of LTSs on the scoliotic curve and buttock pressures.

背景：临床上特殊摆位系统广泛地被用来改善脊髓损伤个案的坐姿，但躯干侧支撑对脊柱侧弯及臀部压力的影响，却少有相关文献之验证。

Conclusions. Significant static correction of the scoliotic spine could be achieved by special seating with lateral trunk supports as shown by radiographic analysis results.

藉由X光影像分析可知，利用有侧支撑的坐姿摆位系统达到静态矫正脊柱侧弯的作用。

In conclusion, ML force is more important in correcting the C-type scoliotic spine, and the level below apex is the most appropriate loading position for correcting scoliosis.

因此本研究归纳侧向力在胸椎C形脊柱侧弯矫正上扮演较重要的角色，而凸点椎体之下一节肋骨高度为最适当施力处。

Our results showed that the most appropriate rib's level for applying force was below the apex of scoliotic spine. From this appropriate level, the stress delivered to its conjunctive vertebra was the highest, as 1.3~1.8 times compared with others. Furthermore, the correction of Cobb's angle was also the highest, achieved 15%. The ML force was dominant in alteration of Cobb's angle, whereas the AP force was dominant in alteration of axial vertebral rotation. In addition, initial vertebral rotation influenced neither correction nor stress.

研究结果显示由凸点椎体的下一节对应之肋骨施力能使传入椎体具最高平均应力，较其他施力位置高出1.3到1.8倍之间，对柯卜氏角度可达15%的最佳矫正率；其中侧向施力主导冠状面上的矫正，而前后向施力主导扭转角度的矫正；另外椎体初始旋转角度对侧弯矫正和应力分布均无明显影响。

If these abnormities were laid according as frequency among 2-6 months,reflex abnormities are knee tendon reflex, palmar grasp reflex,...

其中 2— 6个月组，4个方面的异常项目按出现多少分别排列为：①反射异常：膝反射、手持握反射、巴氏征、非对称性颈肢反射、踝阵挛、坐位平衡反应、踏步反射、交叉伸展反射、紧张性迷路反射、躯干侧弯反射、拥抱反射；②姿势异常：仰卧翻成侧卧头后仰≥ 15°、立位悬垂、平卧颈后空隙≥1cm、俯卧悬垂、侧位悬垂、拉起、紧张性头偏斜、自发姿势异常；③肌张力异常：足背屈角、上肢围颈、手握拳、扶立足跟抬起≥ 3 0°、拇指交叉达掌心、窝角、内收角、跟耳角；④其他异常：头围≤ x -2s、斜视、主动运动减少/异常、听觉异常、视觉异常、眼颤、癫痫。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。