使量子化

First, one. analyzes the eigenstates-from reachable sets and seeks the one which the target state belongs to. Then using the Grover iteration to amplify the probability amplitude of the desired eigenstate (the modul square of which is the probability of the corresponding eigenstate that the system will collapse to when it is measured). By measuring, the system will then collapse to the desired eigenstate with a probability of almost unity. Finally, one can use the admissible control to drive the system from the eigenstate to the target state.

该策略的核心思想是对本征态能控的系统，通过分析控制目标态与本征态的关系，寻找给定目标态所属的本征态可达集，然后利用量子非结构化搜索的Grover算法，将任意给定的系统初始态经过一定次数的Grover迭代，放大该本征态所对应的概率幅(概率幅的模方对应测量时波函数塌缩到对应本征态的概率)，然后对迭代后的态进行一次测量操作，使系统以接近1的概率塌缩到所需的本征态(前面分析得到的本征态可达集所对应的本征态)，最后用容许的控制将系统从该本征态控制到期望的目标态。

Another approach in enhancing the light extraction efficiency of AlGaInP LED was accomplished using a surface roughening process. In this process, the Au(170 nm)/AuBe(260 nm)/Au(170 nm) ohmic contact layers were first deposited on the GaP window layer. After the alloy annealing process (480°C for 10 min), the Be atoms will diffuse into the GaP top layer and form non-uniform clusters. The LED samples were then immersed into a mixture 3H3PO4:1H2O2:1H2O solution for 6 min, resulting in a rough GaP surface. The luminous intensity of the AlGaInP LED can increase from 42 to 50 mcd, that is, an 18% enhancement can be achieved via the present non-photolithography surface roughening process.Keywords: LED, AlGaInP, Cu substrate, Reflector, Surface roughening

在实验的第二部份是开发磷化镓窗口层之粗化制程，我们是藉由正面金/铍欧姆接触电极之熔合制程，使铍扩散至磷化镓层，同时利用铍渗入磷化镓造成之特殊组成，可形成不均匀之蚀刻阻挡，而在磷化镓表面形成粗化，我们发现480℃、10分钟的熔合制程，加上浸泡磷化镓蚀刻溶液6分钟，可将四元发光二极体之发光亮度由42 mcd 提升到50 mcd，经由此无光罩粗化制程可将亮度提升18%，明显提升磷化铝铟镓发光二极体之外部量子效率。

One of the interesting phenomenons of single quantum dot is the fluorescence intermittency.

单量子点的萤光闪烁，是由欧杰过程、热过程、或穿隧效应所引起的子点子化，使单子点的发光为，会随著时间的进行而呈现明暗交替。

The common method of finding normal coordinate for the multidimensional linear microvibration;2. Then,it introduces the normal coordinate and its operator.

文章首先通过研究做简谐振动的简谐振子提出了量子化模型，然后引入简正坐标，使其简正坐标算符化，最后得到晶格振动的量子化。

As in the particle in a box, it is the boundary conditions that force us to quantize the energy

象在箱中粒子那样，边界条件迫使我们使能量量子化。

Using the theory, we deal with some solutions about the gravitational field surrounding a static spherically symmetric mass and that surrounding a rotating mass, and the results show that some real physical singularities in their black holes can be eliminated.

理论分析表明，该理论可以消除引力场中的物理奇点，并能用标准量子场论方法使引力场量子化。

These results prove that iron ion or 4s conduction electron can produce new square atom loop 4L, magnetic moment of iron ion can be made by magnetic moment 2P(subscript m0k) of 2 4sEE in 4L loop, Curie temperature T is proportionate to quantized energy of 4sEE, HMCE can produce contrarotation or reverse self-rotation energy U(subscript 0K) and U(subscript 0K) can produce great thermoelecal potential.

这些结果证明铁离子或4s传导电子产生了新的正方形原子轨道4L，2个4sEE在4L轨道上产生的磁矩2P(下标 m0K)构成铁离子的磁矩，居里温度T与4sEE的量子化能量成比例，基金属传导电子产生了反向旋转或反向自旋能量U(下标 0K)，U(下标 0K)使合金产生大的热电势等反常物理量。

Acetate groups charge ZnO nanocrystals negatively and passivate the surfaces,reducing the surface defects and visible emission centers. Resultantly, the increase of acetategroups lead to the quench of visible emission and improvement of photoluminescenceproperties. At appropriate concentrations, the hydroxide groups mainly passivate the surfaceand improve the photoluminescence properties.

研究发现，氢氧化锂/醋酸锌的比值对胶体氧化锌量子点的发光性质有重要影响；醋酸根基团通过使氧化锌粒子带负电荷并钝化其表面，使得氧化锌纳米点的表面缺陷和可见发射中心大大减少，因此醋酸根浓度的增大导致了可见发光的淬灭和发光性质的增强；氢氧根基团在中等浓度时主要起钝化氧化锌表面的作用，使产物的发光性质得到改善。

The results show that the diffraction patterns for WS2 single phase were observed; the pronounced quantum size effect exists in S-W-S nano clusters, and it enhances the hybridization of different electronic shell obits and formed a closed hollow spherical structure without any dangling bond. In the lubricating process, such a system can maintain its chemical stability and decrease energy dissipation.

分析结果表明：XRD图样显示为WS2相单相；在S-W-S纳米簇团中存在显著的量子尺寸效应，该效应强化了硫原子电子壳层间的轨道杂化，使纳米级的WS2润滑晶体形成了1个没有悬键的、化学性能稳定的中空球体，在润滑过程中，这种结构可使体系保持较强的化学稳定性，能耗降低。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。