使酸化

The results indicate that improving temperature to reflux, using low polarity solvent as dispersion medium and proper molar ratio of tetrabutyl titanate to stearic acid can bring out good modification. The function of tetrabutyl titanate is to react with the surface hydroxyl groups and adsorbed H2O on the powder particles to produce new binding sites such as M—O—Ti—OC4H9and M—O—Ti—OH, which can easily react with the carboxylic acid. As temperature increases from room temperature to reflux temperature, the reactions between RCOO- and Ti change from coordinate bonds to covalent bonds, which makes the carbon chains of stearic acids more strongly bound with the powder particles surface.

研究结果表明，提高处理温度、适当增加复合改性剂中硬脂酸的量并选用极性弱的有机溶剂可达到比较理想的改性效果；钛酸四丁酯的作用是与粉体粒子表面的羟基以及吸附水反应产生偶联点，如M—O—Ti—OH，这些偶联点易于与羧酸反应；在低温时RCOO-与偶联点的Ti之间以配合物的形式发生作用，在回流温度下处理时，主要发生酯化反应，使硬脂酸更牢固地嫁接到粉体粒子表面，改性效果更好。

Process for the manufacture of a dialkylphenylethylmalonatewhich comprises adding to a quantity of sodium which is covered with a hydrocarbon solvent boiling above 100°C, at least a chemically equivalent proportion of methyl, ethyl or a propyl alcohol, subsequently adding an approximately equivalent proportion of a dialkylcarbonate and of an alkyl phenylacetate, the alkyl groups in these two last-mentioned compounds being preferably the same as the alkyl radical of the above –mentioned lower aliphatic alcohol, heating the mixture to induce reaction and continually distilling out the alcohol formed from the reaction zone and finally causing the sodio diethyl phenylmalonate so formed to interact with an ethylating agent.

生产二烷基苯基丙二酸酯的工艺过程：这包括这包括把至少处于化学平衡的甲醇，乙醇或丙醇添加到覆盖着沸点超过一百摄氏度的碳氢化合物溶剂中，接着加入大约相同当量的二烷基碳酸酯和烷基乙酸苯酯，在刚才提到的化合物中，其烷基集团最好是和刚才提到的低级别脂肪族醇相同，然后加热反应混合物从而引导反应的进行，在反应区域通过连续蒸馏移除形成的醇类。最后使所形成的钠代二乙基苯基丙二酸酯和乙基化试剂反应。

Various chrome complex dyes(1:1 ratio) of mordant black 1,mordant black 7,mordant black 9 and mordant black 11 have been synthesized and sodium dichromate is been used as mordant agents instead of Cr3+ to oxidate dyes sufficiently.

还设计合成了媒介黑1、媒介黑7、媒介黑9和媒介黑11的高水溶性1∶1络合染料，重铬酸钠作为铬化试剂，染料得到了充分的氧化，无色配体多羟基羧基酸的引入使染料有很好的水溶性，该实验路线未见报道。

The results indicated that with the increasing of storage time, the leaves etiolated, contents of crude-fiber increased, while vitamin C, chlorogenic acid decreased, nitrate contents up to the maximum at the 3th day after storage , then decreased gradually. Stored at 2℃, the contents of chlorophyll, vitamin C, chlorogenic acid were higher, nitrate and crude-fiber contents were lower. The lower of membrane permeability and MDA content, the higher activity of SOD significantly delayed senescence process and prolonged storage life of Taraxacum mongolicum.

结果表明：采后蒲公英随着贮藏天数的增加，叶片逐渐黄化，粗纤维的含量升高，维生素C和绿原酸含量下降，硝酸盐含量先升高后降低；2℃下贮藏能够使采后蒲公英具有较高的叶绿素、维生素C、绿原酸，较低的硝酸盐和粗纤维含量，较低的细胞膜渗透率、MDA含量和较高的SOD活性，显著地延缓其衰老进程，延长贮藏寿命。

Studies also indicated that genistein exsists not only in soybeans but also in many kinds of plants such as vegetables and fruits.As a potential anticancer agent, the actional mechanisms of genistein mainly includes as follows:First, genistein can depress the activity of protein tyrosine kinase and transduction pathways for the phosphorylation of receptors and mitosis signal. So genistein can lead to cells' proliferation depressed. Second, genistein has minimal effects of phytoestrogens. It can be combined with estrogen receptor and improve the synthesis of cellular sex hormone binding glulobin, and improve the activity of UDP-glucuronyl transferase. Through these pathways, it can inhibit the cell activity of breast cancer and prostate cancer.

作为一个很有潜力的抗肿瘤物质，三羟异黄酮的作用机制主要包括：①抑制蛋白酪氨酸激酶活性，可阻抑PTK引起的受体磷酸化和有丝分裂的信号传递，导致癌细胞增殖受抑；②弱雌激素作用：可通过与体内雌激素受体结合，并可增加细胞内性激素结合球蛋白的合成，增加UDP-葡糖醛酸转移酶的活性等途径抑制乳腺癌和前列腺癌细胞活性；③拓扑酶Ⅰ和Ⅱ抑制剂，抑制细胞活性；④上调细胞周期性负性调节因子P21WAF1/CIP1的表达，使之负性调节因子作用增强；⑤可阻止胰岛素样生长因子-Ⅰ、肝细胞生长因子和神经生长因子的作用而抑制肿瘤生长；⑥其他：抗氧化作用、抑制热休克蛋白、诱导细胞凋亡、抑制新生血管生成和抑制多种耐药相关蛋白等。

The effect of N-phosphoamino acids on plant cells'membrane permeability was investigated by osmotic method. It was found that in all N-phosphoamino acids, only some phosphoryl polar amino acids such as DIPPSer, DIPPThr, DIPPHis, DIPPAsp, DIPPGlu, DIPPAsn and free serine, threonine could increase the water permeability in plant cell membrane. For example, after 20min. treatment by 1. 5mM DIPPSer, the deplasmolysis time of onion cells was shortened 50%.

三、通过透性实验研究了N-磷酰化氨基酸对洋葱、豌豆等植物细胞膜水透性及溶质透性的影响，发现在所有的N-磷酰化氨基酸及自由氨基酸中，仅有部分N-磷酰极性氨基酸和自由的丝、苏氨酸对植物细胞膜上水透性有增强作用，如1.5mM N-磷酰化丝氨酸可使洋葱细胞质壁复原时间缩短一半以上。

The effects of the surfactants, trioctyl phosphine oxide, sodium dodecyl sulfonate and hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, on the extraction rate of Co^2^+ were investigated. The acceleration in the kinetics in contributed to the associated molecule~2 TOPO taking part in the extraction process directly. The decrement effects of SDS or CTMAB on the rate of extraction kinetics of Co^2^+ with HDEHP were also observed, which caused by the adsorption of molecules of SDS or CTMAB on the interface and decreased the interfacial adsorption amount of HDEHP. In addition, the extraction rate was reduced by a bigger margin in HDEHP-SDS system. This can be explained in terms of the formation of an electric field at the interface.

研究体系中加入不同表面活性剂所引起萃取速率的不同改变：三辛基氧化膦因与HDEHP形成可萃取的Co^2^+活性分子缔合物，降低了萃取过程活化能而使反应加速；十二烷基磺酸钠和十六烷基三甲基溴化铵因占据发生萃取反应的界面区，减小了HDEHP与Co^2^+反应的机会而使反应减速； SDS还因其在界面形成较强的负电场，造成Co^2^+的附加势能而使萃取速率有更大幅度的降低。

The results show: in a specific concentration range, the solubility in neutral solution of SOL, as well as the surfactivity, the ability to reduce ITF and the wettability on the condition of non- alkali are better than the lignosulfonate in market.While using as sacrifice agent, the modified lignosulfonate can reduce 60% of the mahogany sulfonate and 50% of the α-alkene sulphonate which both are adsorbed on the oil sand surface.

结果表明在一定浓度范围内，SOL在中性溶液条件下的溶解性、在无碱条件下的表面活性、降界面张力能力、对岩石的润湿性效果优于市场木质素磺酸盐产品；作为牺牲剂使用时，改性磺化木质素能减少石油磺酸盐在油砂表面吸附的60%，减少α-烯烃磺酸盐在油砂表面上吸附的50%。

Following resolution, the following steps are performed: reduce the isomer to an alcohol, react the alcohol with triphenylmethyl chloride, ozonalyze the resulting reaction product, reduce the ozonalyzed product to yield a diol and react the diol with a methane sulfonyl compound to form-3-2-{(methylsulfonyloxy}ethoxy-4--1-butanol methane sulfonate.

拆分后，进行下一步：将异构体还原为醇，使醇与三苯基甲基氯反应，臭氧化所得反应产物，还原臭氧化产物以得到一种二醇并使所述二醇与甲烷磺酰基化合物反应以形成-3-2-{(甲基磺酰基氧}乙氧基-4--1-丁醇甲烷磺酸酯。

Itamin D from the skin and diet is metabolized in the lier to 25-hydroxyitamin D (Figure 1), which is used to determine a patient's itamin D status1,2,3,4; 25-hydroxyitamin D is metabolized in the kidneys by the enzyme 25-hydroxyitamin D-1-hydroxylase (CYP27B1) to its actie form, 1,25-dihydroxyitamin D.1,2,3,4 The renal production of 1,25-dihydroxyitamin D is tightly regulated by plasma parathyroid hormone leels and serum calcium and phosphorus leels.1,2,3,4 Fibroblast growth factor 23, secreted from the bone, causes the sodium–phosphate cotransporter to be internalized by the cells of the kidney and small intestine and also suppresses 1,25-dihydroxyitamin D synthesis.5 The efficiency of the absorption of renal calcium and of intestinal calcium and phosphorus is increased in the presence of 1,25-dihydroxyitamin D (Figure 1).2,3,6 It also induces the expression of the enzyme 25-hydroxyitamin D-24-hydroxylase (CYP24), which catabolizes both 25-hydroxyitamin D and 1,25-dihydroxyitamin D into biologically inactie, water-soluble calcitroic acid.2,3,4

从皮肤和食物来的维生素D在肝中代谢为25-羟基维生素D（图1），被用来决定病人体内维生素D情况的1，2，3，4；25-羟基维生素D在肾中被25-羟基维生素D1羟化酶（CYP27B1）转变为有活性的1，25-二羟基维生素D 。1，2，3，4由肾产生1，25-二羟基维生素D是被血浆甲状旁腺激素和血清钙，磷水平紧密调节。1，2，3，4由骨分泌的成纤维细胞生长因子23使钠磷协同转运蛋白被肾和小肠细胞内化及抑制1，25-二羟维生素D合成。5 在1，25-二羟基维生素D作用下肾和小肠吸收钙及磷的效率增高(图1)。2，3，6 它也包括25-羟四- 24 -羟化酶的表达(CYP24)，且将1，25二羟基维生素D和25羟基维生素D异化成无生物活性，水溶性的维生素D3-23羧酸。2，3，4

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。