使过冷

On this basis, the solidification behavior of decagonal quasicrystal in the undercooled Al72Ni12Co16 alloy melt, such as nucleation and growth mechanism, was systematically investigated.

本文的主要研究内容及获得的结论如下：(1)采用惰性形核涂层技术和循环过热的方法，使Al_(72)Ni_(12)Co_(16)合金熔体最大获得了180K的高过冷度。

Nd and Y showed more evident effects than Gd and La due to lower temperature of eutectic reaction with aluminum. In order to investigate mechanism of the formation of the intercellular dispersoid which is being in debate and possibility of suppressing the dispersoid, a nucleation kinetic model which including unsteady nucleation and effect of alloy element was established.

Al-Fe-Mo-Si-Zr-Ti合金粉末具有四种凝固组织，初生Al〓〓，α-Al与Al〓共晶，胞晶及显微胞晶，合金元素Mo的加入，显著提高合金粉末凝固前的过冷度，使10~40μm粉末的凝固机制发生了变化，由导热控制型转变成溶质扩散控制型，从而基本上消除了该尺寸范围内粉末凝固组织中共晶成分和初生相，但对大于40μm的粉末，因共晶区富Zr核心的优先形成而使Mo的作用效果不明显。

At the same time ice crystal and graupel collect more supercooled rain water to reduce the amount of rain water. Graupel grows through the collection of ice crystal and graupel with supercooled rain water and riming of cloud water.

霰融化、霰在暖区碰并云滴成雨减少，使雨滴的初生减弱，而冰晶碰并过冷雨成霰、霰碰并过冷雨增加，也消耗了过冷雨水，抑制雨水增长。

Terrain heightened can enhance blocking effect, which lead to strengthen water vapor flux divergence and vertical convection, and cloud water increases but centralizes in the middle-low level. This change intensify accretion of snow by collecting more supercooled cloud water, and rain water converts into graupel by collecting more snow, and dry growth of graupel increase at the same time. Rain water augment because of more graupel melting, and rain water continue to increase by collecting cloud water in the low level.

地形高度增加后，阻挡作用加强，使水汽通量辐合加强，垂直气流增大，中低层云水增多，导致雪撞冻过冷云水增多，促使了雨水撞冻雪转化为霰和霰干增长过程的加强，霰融化为雨水增多，低层雨水碰并云水加强，冷云过程得到增强。

The invention relates to a light pumping system for all-solid laser, particularly a light pumping system for disc type laser, comprising heat sink, laser crystal, optical fiber, plane reflector, a first concave reflector, a second concave reflector, and a third concave reflector, and adopting a structure that the plane reflector is between the optical fiber and the first concave reflector, to make the LD and laser cavity on the same side of the laser crystal, thus reducing the packaged size of the laser; the invention fixes the plane reflector on the heat sink to reduce the inclined incident angle of the pumped light beam, thus the pumped light can be fully absorbed, and the invention solves the problem of pumping efficiency and largely reduces the bulk of the laser, beneficial to the all curing of the product and ensuring the cooling requirement of the laser crystal.

本发明涉及全固体激光器的光泵浦系统，特别是一种盘式激光器的光泵浦系统。包括热沉1、激光晶体2、光纤3、平面反射镜4、第一凹面反射镜5、第二凹面反射镜6、第三凹面反射镜7，本发明采用平面反射镜位于光纤与第一凹面反射镜之间的结构，使LD和激光腔位于本发明激光晶体的同一侧，从而减小了激光器的封装尺寸；本发明将平面反射镜固定在热沉上，使泵浦光束斜入射角减小，泵浦光则能充分吸收，为此，本发明解决背景技术采用第一凹面反射镜使泵浦光束斜入射角过大引起的像散，泵浦光斑变形引起泵浦效率降低问题，使得本发明可选用大面积半导体制冷器，避免使用水冷，则激光器的体积大大减少，有利于产品的全固化，保证了激光晶体的散热要求。

Lever Ball Float Steam Traps biggest advantage is not subject to pressure,temperature,cooling water flow fluctuations,continuous drainage,a water that row,the minimum cooling degree 0℃,能使best efficiency heating equipment;lever float steam trap valve seat total in the following level,forming awater seal,no steam leakage;itsPlug Valves minimum working pressure 0.01Mpa,the maximum back pressure rate of≤85%;interior with exhaust,lever float steam traps use the most advanced components as the automatic emptying of diaphragm valves,can automatically exclude non-condensing gas,very sensitive,high quality work and long service life.

杠杆浮球式蒸汽疏水阀的最大优点是不受压力、温度、冷凝水流量波动的影响，连续排水，有水即排，最小过冷度为0℃，能使加热设备达到最佳工作效率；杠杆浮球式蒸汽疏水阀的阀座总处于液位以下，形成水封，无蒸汽泄漏；它的最低工作压力0.01Mpa，最大背压率≤85%；内部带有排气装置，杠杆浮球式蒸汽疏水阀采用最先进的膜盒元件做为自动排空气阀，能自动排除不凝结气体，非常灵敏，工作质量高，使用寿命长。

First, a system for providing liquid refrigerant subcooling (10), subsequent to the subcooling accomplished by the primary condenser of an air conditioner, refrigeration or heat pump system, by means of evaporative cooling utilizing the condenser water of said air conditioner, refrigeration or heat pump system and/or some other water supply to wet the surface of the subcool heat exchanger and then passing the cold, dry building exhaust air (13) required for good indoor air quality across the wetted surface of the subcool heat exchanger or by using building exhaust air only to conductively subcool.

首先，一个提供液态制冷剂过冷的系统(10)，在由空调、制冷或热泵系统的主冷凝器实施完成过冷之后，通过蒸发冷却，利用所述空调、制冷或热泵系统的冷凝器水和/或一些其它水源来润湿过冷热交换器表面，然后使为达良好质量室内空气所需的建筑物干冷排气(13)通过穿过过冷热交换器的润湿表面，或只利用建筑物排气以传导方式过冷。

The results show that the modificator Mg can cause thermodynamic undercooling , and it may absorb in the crystal faces of preferential growth of carbides, which can slow down carbides growing up on plate type and make them tend to be fine, isolated and passivated, and thus the impact toughness is improved greatly.

研究结果表明：在过共晶高铬白口铸铁结晶过程中，变质元素Mg不仅造成热力学过冷，而且Mg可能吸附于碳化物择优长大的晶面上，起到阻碍碳化物片状长大的作用，使碳化物趋于细小、孤立，且边部钝化，使冲击韧度显著提高。

Building designed for the protection of tender or out-of-season plants against excessive cold or heat .

专为保护稚嫩或过季植物而设计的建筑，使室内温度不致过热或过冷。

In the case of Cu-45% Ge hypereutectic alloy, a"plate-shaped to granular-shaped"structural transition of primary phase takes place if undercooling exceeds 200K.

采用玻璃净化法，使Cu-39.6%Ge共晶、Cu-36%Ge亚共晶及Cu-45%Ge过共晶合金分别获得200K（0.218T〓）、189K（0.198T〓）及219K（0.23T〓））过冷度。

I didn't watch TV last night, because it .

昨晚我没有看电视，因为电视机坏了。

Since this year, in a lot of villages of Beijing, TV of elevator liquid crystal was removed.

今年以来，在北京的很多小区里，电梯液晶电视被撤了下来。