使磨损

Pitch circle diameter: d = mz = 3X12 = 36 Tooth crown heights: ha = m (f0 + x)= 3X (l +0.5)= 4.5 Tooth High: hf = m (f0 + cx)= 3X (l +0.25-0.5)= 2.25 Tooth full height: h = ha + hf = 4.5 +2.25 = 6.75 Addendum circle Chemical pumps diameter: Da = d +2 ha = 36 +2 X4.5 = 45 Fixed string tooth thickness: Sxn = m (π/ 2 * cos2a + xsin2a)= 3X (1.387 +0.6428 X0.5)= 5.125 Fixed string of high gear tooth thickness measurement: hxn = m (π/ 8 * sin2a + xsin2a)= 3X (0.7476X0.117X0.5)= 2.42 Modulus coefficient x0.5 m3 O20 ° pressure angle tooth thickness Sxn5.12 fixed string Addendum Coefficient string f1 fixed gear tooth thickness measurement most high hxn2.42 Teeth z12 2, shaft wear and tear maintenance: Axis gear pump wear is mainly because with the support roller shaft at both ends between the friction and wear, so that smaller shaft diameter.

分度圆直径：d=mz=3X12=36 齿顶高：ha=m（f0+x）=3X（l+0.5）=4.5 齿根高：hf=m（f0+c-x）=3X（l+0.25-0.5）=2.25 齿全高：h=ha+hf=4.5+2.25=6.75 齿顶圆直径：Da=d+2ha=36+2X4.5=45 固定弦齿厚：Sxn=m（π/2*cos2a+xsin2a）=3X（1.387+0.6428X0.5）=5.125 固定弦齿厚测量用齿高：hxn=m（π/8*sin2a+xsin2a）=3X（0.7476X0.117X0.5）=2.42 模数m3变位系数x0.5 齿形角o20°固定弦齿厚Sxn5.12 齿顶高系数f1固定弦齿厚测最齿高hxn2.42 齿数z12 2、轴的磨损维修：齿轮泵中轴的磨损主要是因为轴两端与支撑滚针间的摩擦磨损，使轴径变小。

With a view to lessen this effect and by referring to the wear pattern,the methods of design and computation of the guideway are thoroughly studied.

本文通过机床导轨的磨损试验，研究机床导轨的磨损规律，研究导轨磨损后所引起的刀架或工作台横向偏移和偏转，研究导轨磨损后对机床加工精度的影响；并从导轨磨损后使其尽可能不影响机床加工精度的观点出发，研究导轨按磨损规律的设计与计算。

UHMWPE has regular molecule chain and lower shear strength, so it improved the tribological property of PA66. When the amount of the transferring layer reached a certain value, severe plastic distortion and adhesion wear occurred, and wear resistance of the blends was related to the mechanical property of the blends. Worn microstructure changes with addition of compatibilizer. Soft UHMWPE produced from friction heating has low shear strength, and it improves the tribological property of PA66 during the friction course.

结果表明：加入MAH-g-HDPE相容剂可以使共混体系的相容性得到改善，提高共混物的机械性能；具有平整分子结构的UHMWPE有利于改善PA66的摩擦磨损性能，当摩擦偶件的转移层达到饱和状态后，共混物的耐磨性与其力学性能相关；共混物在摩擦过程中表现出严重的塑性变形和粘着磨损，但在共混体系的摩擦过程中，对摩擦磨损性能起主要作用的是受热软化的UHMWPE在磨损表面形成低剪切强度的界面层，从而使得PA66的摩擦磨损性能明显改善。

The structure shown in the figure : The governing body received direct or roller drying cylinder, as the main components of the rotation; After finishing the outside of the sphere, Bottom Cover and soak spherical carbon graphite seal ring joint seal reliable seal friction deputy, Sealing ring in the spherical shell of its annular space sliding, in addition to oil-free bearings and with the close cooperation of Shell, Rotating connector so that the free support, and therefore do not require a high level of accuracy installed; Spherical seal ring wear, Spring means of pressure at any time in advance to receive compensation, compensation for the shell slowly moved backward, accessible through the tube outside the inscription on the line to observe the seals wear; When steam, Oil flows through the media or other spherical sealing ring and oil-free bearings, the formation of thin liquid film, sealing and lubrication, thereby reducing friction and wear, extending the service life.

其结构如图所示：外管体直接接到辊子或烘筒上，为主要的旋转部件；经过精加工的外管本球面、底盖和浸泡碳石墨球面密封环共同组成密封可靠的动密封磨擦副，球面密封环在其壳体内的环形空间中滑动，加之无油轴承与壳体的密切配合，使旋转接头自由支撑，故对装机精度要求不高；球面密封环磨损后，借助于弹簧的预压力随时得到补偿，补偿时壳体缓缓向后移动，并可通过外管体上的刻线观察到密封件的磨损程度；当蒸汽、油或其它介质流经球面密封环和无油轴承时，形成一层很薄的液膜，提供密封和润滑，从而减轻了摩擦和磨损，延长了使用寿命。

It can be mixed with various greases. Under the action of high temperature short time and high pressure produced by the friction, nanometer ceramic power will have cementation and densify the worn metal su*****ce layer, and form a layer of cermet, thus, restore the worn parts to optimum fit clearance and lubrication status.

不含毒素、重金属和强化物，可与各类油脂混合，在摩擦产生的瞬间高温、高压力的作用下，纳米陶瓷粉体在磨损金属表层渗镀和致密，生成一层金属陶瓷，从而使磨损部件恢复到最佳的配合间隙和润滑状态。

These four aspects are: the foreworn and frature of the wheel rim , tread foreworn bedded d ecrustation, regional crush and subside and early brittle fracture of the wheel rim .

为了有效地提高行走车轮的工作寿命，使其接近或达到设计周期，笔者从车轮损坏的形式、部位即轮缘磨损断裂、踏面磨损层状脱皮和局部压碎凹陷、轮缘早期脆性断裂四个方面进行了分析，找出了之所以产生磨损和断裂的原因，并提出了延长车轮工作寿命的对策。

Results indicate that radial distance of the bushing from the rotor center and the radius of the hemispherical bushing significantly affect wear rate,and minimzing both two values will result in lowest wear for micro-rotor systems in MEMS.However,it is noted that the bearing radius sets a lower limit on the hemispherical bushing radius since the bushings are located beyond the rotor inner radius.It is desirable to reduce their effects on friction and wear on micro-rotors by regulating the radius of the bushing and the radial distance of the bushing from the rotor center within permissive range of micro-fabrication.Severe wear exists with increasing applied load and rotating speed of the rotor.Stress distributions in the contact region are different from Hertz solutions due to the convergence stresses apearing on the uncontinuous curvature line and the contact pressures display symmetrical parabola in the contact region.

结果表明：在MEMS微转子系统中，微转子轴衬偏心距离和转子轴衬半径影响线磨损率，以两者减至最小为较理想，但须注意设计中轴承半径的限制，并使轴衬偏心距离大于轴承内半径；在转子加工制造许可的范围内，可以通过调整转子轴衬的半径和偏心距离来减少摩擦磨损对微电机的影响，随着转子所承受载荷和转子旋转速度的增加，其磨损严重；接触区的应力分布不同于经典Hertz解，这是由于应力集中出现在不连续的曲率线上，且接触区的接触压力呈现轴对称抛物线状分布。

The first spray and second melting welding method is used to weld hard alloy powder or metal alloy powder on the reel and cone pulley of wire drawing machine and make reuse of the wear-resistance parts and reduce the cost.

介绍了喷涂的原理和技术要求，采用先喷后熔的喷焊方法，把硬质合金或金属合金粉末牢固的喷焊在需要修复的水箱拉丝机卷筒和塔轮上，使磨损件再次利用，降低了生产成本。

The effect of the tool composition on the friction and wear behavior was investigated,and the morphologies of the rake face and rear face of the tool cutting the steel in air and nitrogen were observed on a scanning electron microscope. It was found that the Al_2O_3/TiB_2 tool was dominated by adhesive and abrasive wear in low speed dry cutting; while in high speed dry cutting,the tool was characterized by oxidation wear. An oxide layer of TiO_2 was formed by way of the oxidation of the reinforcing agent TiB_2 at a very much high cutting temperature, which contributed to greatly reducing the friction coefficient and increasing the antiwear life of the tool.Such a friction-reducing and antiwear behavior of the oxide layer was enhanced with increasing content of TiB_2 in the tool composite. However,the tool showed a relatively poorer wear resistance in N_2 than in air, because N_2 acted to retard the oxidation of the TiB_2 and the formation of the oxide layer on the tool rake face.

结果表明：低速干切削时，Al2O3/TiB2陶瓷刀具的磨损机制主要表现为粘着磨损和磨料磨损；而在高速干切削时，刀具的磨损机制主要表现为氧化磨损，刀具表面经由氧化反应生成具有润滑作用的反应膜而起到固体润滑作用，从而使刀具的耐磨性能提高，随着TiB2含量和切削速度的增加，反应膜的减摩抗磨作用增强；而在切削区通入氮气时，由于刀具表面氧化膜形成受阻，刀具的抗磨能力有所降低。

The effect of solid lubricants including polytetrafluoroethylene and graphite on the friction and wear behavior of the composites was examined on the same test rig as well.

结果表明：碳纤维使聚醚砜的摩擦磨损性能得到明显的改善，春改善程度同碳纤维的长度和体积分数相关；当碳纤维的体积分数约为15％时，聚醚砜复合材料的摩擦系数及比磨损率最低；添加固体润滑剂可以使复合材料的摩擦磨损性能得到进一步改善；随着温度及外载荷的变化，摩擦系数及比磨损率表现出不同的变化趋势。

The absorption and distribution of chromium were studied in ryeusing nutrient culture technique and pot experiment.

采用不同浓度K2CrO4(0，0.4，0.8和1.2 mmol/L)的Hoagland营养液处理黑麦幼苗，测定铬在黑麦体内的亚细胞分布、铬化学形态及不同部位的积累。

By analyzing theory foundation of mathematical morphology in the digital image processing, researching morphology arithmetic of the binary Image, discussing two basic forms for the least structure element: dilation and erosion.

通过分析数学形态学在图像中的理论基础，研究二值图像的形态分析算法，探讨最小结构元素的两种基本形态：膨胀和腐蚀；分析了数学形态学复杂算法的基本原理，把数学形态学的部分并行处理理念引入到家实际应用中。