使焦化

Well, back in the 17th century, people discovered that wine made in Madeira actually improved as it sat in the sweltering cargo holds of ships that crossed the equator. Ever since, wine from Madeira has been heated in tanks at more than 100 degrees Fahrenheit to allow the sugars to caramelize.

因为17世纪时，人们发现马德拉地区酿造的葡萄酒存放在闷热的货舱运过赤道带后，口感会大为提升，从此，酿造商们便将马德拉葡萄酒放置于大罐中加热至 100 华氏度（37.7 摄氏度）以上，使酒中的糖分焦化。

For coking, electro-chemical aluminum foil, mainly used for blocking the process down too long, so that the audio-visual aluminum foil a portion of a significant amount of time and electrothermic high temperature in contact with the plate in the incidence of heated Coke phenomenon, such as graphic after pressing his membership card will be going to faint.

对于电化铝箔焦化，主要是烫印过程中停机过久，使电化铝箔的某一部分较长时间与电热高温印版接触而发生受热焦化现象，图文烫会员卡制作后就会发晕。

The company invests mount a horse the project of form a complete set of cooking of defer of 1 million T hydrogenation of 800 thousand T refines and 30 thousand T is sulfureous reclaim project, quality of farther promotion product, reclaim effectively the 2 oxidation sulfur in waste gas, have major economic benefits and social benefit; to invested many yuan 6000 to build two dry gas to make hydrogenous device, make waste gas reclaims rate achieved 95%, reduced the discharge capacity of waste gas substantially, reduce; of the cost that make hydrogen to be in greatly at the same time more than heat, beyond pressure, of more than gas used a respect integratedly to carry out 22 technical reformation, make enterprise ton the banner level that oily treatment specific power consumption reached industry of domestic person of the same trade.

公司投资上马了100万t延迟焦化的配套项目80万t加氢精制和3万t硫磺回收项目，将进一步提升产品质量，有效回收废气中的二氧化硫，具有重大的经济效益和社会效益；投资6000多万元建设了两套干气制氢装置，使废气回收率达到了95%，大幅度降低了废气的排放量，同时大大降低制氢成本；在余热、余压、余气的综合利用方面实施了22项技术改造，使企业吨油加工能耗达到了国内同行业的领先水平。

An injection rate of 15μg/g CDF-10 antifoaming agent was normally injected to the top of the coke drum at the final 2-6 h of the coking cycle. It could eliminate 3m foam and increase the effective utilization ratio of the coke drum from 65%to 78%, and resulted in higher throughput. The said antifoaming agent had no poison effect on hydrogenation catalyst.

应用结果表明， CDF-10消泡剂一般于生焦周期的最后2～6 h，以15 μg/g 的量在焦化塔顶注入可以将焦炭塔内泡沫层消除3 m，使焦炭塔的有效利用率由65%提高到78%，处理量也可相应提高，并且不会造成对加氢催化剂的硅中毒。

The principles and application of the heat medium water air preheater for the delayed coker heater are presented.

介绍了水热媒空气预热器的基本原理和应用情况，其在延迟焦化加热炉上工业应用的结果表明，该类型空气预热器能够适应加热炉负荷和燃料性质的变化，余热回收效率高、节能效果好，使加热炉热效率提高了7。

Long running performance showed that due to the membrane interception,the nitrobacter is enriched in reactor in the interest of improving the nitrification rate;the maximum ammonia nitrogen loading can be 0.19 kg/(m3·d) with effluent ammonia nitrogen＜1 mg/L (removal rate 99%).

采用浸没式膜生物反应器处理焦化废水的试验结果表明：膜的截留作用可使硝化菌在反应器内富集而有利于提高系统的硝化能力，其去除氨氮的最高负荷为0.19kg/(m3·d)，出水氨氮＜1mg/L(去除率为99%)；泥龄长可能使微生物的代谢产物或其他大分子物质积累，从而

A submerged membrane sequencing batch bioreactor was used to treat coke wastewater.Long running performance showed that due to the membrane interception,the nitrobacter is enriched in reactor in the interest of improving the nitrification rate;the maximum ammonia nitrogen loading can be 0.19 kg/(m3·d) with effluent ammonia nitrogen＜1 mg/L (removal rate 99%).Long sludge retention time may result in the accumulation of metabolic products and high molecular materials,and thus inhibiting activity of nitrate bacteria and causing a ccumulation of NO2-,which is beneficial to the running of short-cut denitrif ication.However,too long retention time will affect the activity of nitrite bacteria,detrimental to the treatment effect of ammonia nitrogen.

采用浸没式膜生物反应器处理焦化废水的试验结果表明：膜的截留作用可使硝化菌在反应器内富集而有利于提高系统的硝化能力，其去除氨氮的最高负荷为0.19kg/(m3·d)，出水氨氮＜1mg/L(去除率为99%)；泥龄长可能使微生物的代谢产物或其他大分子物质积累，从而抑制硝酸盐细菌的活性，导致NO2-积累而有利于短程脱氮的进行，但泥龄过长也会影响亚硝酸盐细菌的活性，从而影响对氨氮的处理效果。

A submerged membrane sequencing batch bioreactor was used to treat coke wastewater.Long running performance showed that due to the membrane interception,the nitrobacter is enriched in reactor in the interest of improving the nitrification rate;the maximum ammonia nitrogen loading can be 0.19 kg/(m3·d) with effluent ammonia nitrogen＜1 mg/L (removal rate 99%).Long sludge retention time may result in the accumulation of metabolic products and high molecular materials,and thus inhibiting activity of nitrate bacteria and causing a ccumulation of NO2-,which is beneficial to the running of short-cut denitrif ication.However,too long retention time will affect the activity of nitrite bacteria,detrimental to the treatment effect of ammonia nitrogen.

简介： 采用浸没式膜生物反应器处理焦化废水的试验结果表明：膜的截留作用可使硝化菌在反应器内富集而有利于提高系统的硝化能力，其去除氨氮的最高负荷为0.19kg/(m3·d)，出水氨氮＜1mg/L(去除率为99%)；泥龄长可能使微生物的代谢产物或其他大分子物质积累，从而抑制硝酸盐细菌的活性，导致NO2-积累而有利于短程脱氮的进行，但泥龄过长也会影响亚硝酸盐细菌的活性，从而影响对氨氮的处理效果。

It concentrates the wort, nearly sterilizes it, inactivates enzymes, precipitates remaining proteins that would otherwise contribute to beer turbidity, caramelizes sugars slightly, and extracts the flavor and tanninlike substances from the hops.

它浓缩了麦芽汁，近乎对麦芽汁灭菌，使酶失活，使能够引起啤酒混浊的残存蛋白质沉淀，使糖轻微焦化，并从酒花中提取风味物质和单宁物质。

The results indicate the mutual effect exists between the single coals, which could increase the maximum of thermal weight loss obviously and has a small effect on the temperature extent of the weight loss. The main pyrolysis production of coal is coke, but the main production of waste plastics is tar; the yield of water became decrease and the gas became increase by adding the waste plastics. And the CRI and CSR decreased with the ratio of waste plastics in coal. The main ingredients of tar from blend coal are aromatic hydrocarbon and alkane, while those of waste plastics are alkane and alkene. The result of co-coking with coal and waste plastics make the light tar and the aromatic hydrocarbon increase obviously. The combustible ingredient(CO、H2、CH4) of gas from co-coking with coal increase at different ratio; Co-coking with coal and waste plastics could increase the combustible ingredient and thermal value of gas.

结果表明，废塑料与煤混合物在煤的塑性温度区间内存在明显的相互作用，使最大热解失重峰迁移，热解速率变大，且随着废塑料配比的增加呈现规律性的变化；煤热解产物固体焦炭为主，而废塑料的热解产物以焦油为主，废塑料的添加使得总体焦炭和水产率下降，焦炉煤气和焦油的产率增加，即共焦化呈现出明显的&增油减水&效应；随着塑料添加量的增加，焦炭热强度呈现劣化趋势；废塑料代替瘦煤配煤炼焦可使其比例提高到3%而不影响焦炭的质量；纯煤焦化所得焦油以芳香烃类和烷烃类为主，而废塑料热解焦油以烷烃和烯烃为主；废塑料配煤炼焦，可使得的焦油呈现&环构化&和&轻质化&趋势；废塑料的添加可使煤气中的可燃组分(CO、H2、CH4)的含量均有不同程度的增加；废塑料配煤炼焦可以优化焦炉煤气的组成，增加煤气中的可燃组分，提高焦炉煤气的热值。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。