使有效

In order to improve interlayer pit mud fermentation, self-made pit mud fermenter was used and pit mud functional bacteria were supplied in each turn of fermentation. Such measures could evidently increase contact area between fermented grains and pit mud, enhance ethyl caproate content in fermented grains (enhanced by almost three times than before) with no adverse influence on liquor yield, and improve liquor quality. Its application could effectively settle the problems such as pit mud odor in liquor, difficult operation, recycle use and unsatisfactory effects etc.

采用自制夹泥发酵器和每轮补充窖泥功能菌的夹泥发酵法进行浓香型白酒生产，结果表明，该方法能明显增大糟醅接触窖泥的面积；提高糟醅中己酸乙酯等香味物质的含量，己酸乙酯的含量比对照糟醅增加了近3倍；不影响曲酒的出酒率；可明显提高曲酒的质量；有效地解决了窖泥易进入糟醅，使酒中出现明显的窖泥味、操作困难、难以循环使用、效果不明显等问题。

Based on the analysis of the chromatogram of flavoring compositions of Taishan Tequ, 13 kinds of flavoring compositions including n-propanol, isoamyl alcohol, ethyl caproate, ethyl lactate, ethyl acetate, ethyl butyrate, caproic acid, acetic acid, butyric acid, acetaldehyde, acetal, total acids and total esters were determined as the chromatogram skeleton compositions of Taishan Tequ. The physiochemical indexes of Taishan Tequ could be under proper control through the stipulation of the content range of the above flavoring compositions, which is an effective way to liquor quality improvement and stability and has greatly improved the blending techniques of Taishan Tequ.

以泰山特曲酒香气成分色谱分析结果为基础，确定了正丙醇、异戊醇、己酸乙酯、乳酸乙酯、乙酸乙酯、丁酸乙酯、己酸、乙酸、丁酸、乙醛、乙缩醛、总酸、总酯这13种香味成分作为泰山特曲的色谱骨架成分来控制成品酒理化指标，并制订了控制范围，使泰山特曲的勾兑技术有了飞跃的发展，成为提高与稳定产品质量的有效方法。

The uncovered tracts and the liver wound surface were managed by some of the methods combined such as high frequency electrocoagulation, titanium clamp, suture, hemostatic gauze oppression, argon-beam coagulation, protein glue adherence, and Endo-GIA switcher. The total operative outcome, operating time, blood loss, postoperative complications and postoperative hospital stay were summarized in order to assess feasibility and safety of the clinical laparoscopic liver resection.Results: 1. Laparoscopic liver resection with clamp dissection method needs only the ordinary laparoscopic equipment. It has a low cost but causes a little more bleeding. 2. Laparoscopic liver resection operated by microwave tissue coagulation method had very little bleeding when dissecting hepatic parenchyma. The operative field is clear and the cost is low. It is a safe, convenient and effective method. 3. Ultrasound dissector is a relatively ideal appliance for laparoscopic liver resection at present because ofless bleeding during operation. But the speed is slow thus prolongs the operation time. Its separating intensity is not strong enough, and it can only be applied to patients without hepatic cirrhosis. 4. Ligsure has clamp dissection and electrocoagulation functions. It can carbonize hepatic tissue including the tracts whose diameters are less than 7mm. It has some advantage in dissecting. However, it has the shortcomings of the clamp dissector during coagulating. 5. Hand-assisted laparoscopic liver resection can make use of the flexibility and feeling of the operators left hand.

结果：1、钳夹分离切肝法不需特殊仪器设备，只要具备常规的腹腔镜器械即可实施，成本低，肝断面较易渗血；2、微波固化切肝法肝实质出血很少，视野清晰，成本低，操作简单，是一种安全、简便、有效的方法；3、超声刀是目前较为理想的切肝器械，术中出血少，但是，切割速度慢，手术时间长，而且，切割强度有限，适用于无肝硬化的肝切除；4、Ligsure具有挤压粉碎及高频电凝止血两大功能，可使包括7~以下管道的肝组织碳化、形成焦痴，具有一定的优势，但是，也存在分离钳电凝止血的缺点；5、手辅助腹腔镜肝切除可以利用术者左手的灵活性及手感，便于术中显露、分离、控制出血等，可随意协助右手及助手的主要操作，缩短了手术时间，大大提高了腹腔镜肝切除的安全性，李朝龙等的改良方法，同样达到了手辅助目的，又节省了费用；6、小切口腹腔镜辅助切肝法可以使用剖腹肝切除常规器械及剖腹肝切除技术，操作简单、可靠，适用于肝左外叶切除及右肝第V段切除；7、Endo一GIA切肝法在离断肝组织的同时闭合管道结构，多用于肝左静脉、门静脉分支、管径较大胆管的切割，缺点是不能用于较厚肝组织的切割，而且价格昂贵；8、临床巧例腹腔镜肝切除均获得成功，手术时间最短1.5h，最长sh，平均125 min，多数在100 min左右，手术出血量最少50 ml，最多500 ml，平均1 78 ml，除2例合并严重肝硬化的原发性肝癌患者术后出现少量腹水，1例术后发生胆漏外，其余无并发症，发生胆漏的1例患者术后住院40d，多数在术后一周左右出院，术后住院时间5一40d，平均gd。

This method represents a useful conversion of the carbonyl group to the amino group.

它成为一个使羰基变为氨基的有效方法。

Some people believe that work is a better means of order and discipline than chain and castigation for criminal.

有些人认为要使犯人遵纪守法劳动是比镣铐和惩罚更有效的手段。

Some people believe that work is a better means of order and discipline than chains and castigation for criminals.

有些人认为要使犯人遵纪守法劳动是比镣铐和惩罚更有效的手段。

To remedy this problem, Kylie Catchpole of the Australian National University in Canberra and Albert Polman of the Institute for Atomic and Molecular Physics in Amsterdam have been trying to redirect the light that falls onto the surface of a cell in such a way that all colours are efficiently absorbed.

为了弥补这一问题，堪培拉的澳大利亚国立大学的Kylie Catchpole 以及阿姆斯特丹的原子与分子物理学研究所的Albert Polman一直在试验让照在太阳能电池表面上的太阳光充分散射，以便使所有色谱的光能都得到有效的吸收。

By the optimization of the cavity parameters, the resonator is thermal insensitive, which controlled the astigmatism existing in the folded cavity.

通过优化谐振腔参数，使谐振腔具有热透镜不敏性，有效地控制了折叠腔具有的像散。

This thesis has discussed the theory of measuring distance in ultrasonic, which include ultrasonic shaking transmit velocity, central frequency, angle of launch control, measure distance, dynamic measure and so on. According to character of wave shape output by circuit, this thesis has designed an efficient way to diminish noise that enables precision of the ultrasonic sensor to 0.2%.

论文详细论述了超声波测距的基本理论，包括超声波震动传播速度、中心频率、发射角控制、发射能量、检测距离、动态检测等；并根据电路输出波形特征设计了有效的降噪方法，使超声波传感器的精度达到了0.2%，然后对降噪后的信号进行了标定。

The function of teaching is to cerate the conations and the climate that will make it possible for children to devise the most efficient system for teaching themselves to read.

教育的功能是创造学习的欲望和气氛，使孩子们能够设计出一种最有效的方式来自学阅读。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。