使成形

On command control means (19) take the conformator into said intermediate position and activate the measurement means (20) to determine the agreement of body dimensions with predetermined measurement intervals and issue acceptance or rejection signals (22) for the body on the basis of the survey result.

控制装置（19）按指令使成形架进入上述中间位置并启动上述测量装置（20），以便确定车身尺寸是否与预定测量间隔一致，并根据测量结果发出车身被接受或被拒绝的信号（22）。

The micro mold after forming of electroform needs the increasing thickness process which inset in the block and supports the micro mold during the injection modeling. Otherwise, the buffer layers could prevent the problems of stresss and surface deterioration.

然而微模具在电铸成形后需经增厚处理，因为增厚处理使非常薄的微模具与模具基座较易配合，也将提供微模具於射出成形过程中之支撑，一般增厚制程会在微模具与增厚层间加入一缓冲层避免应力与表层变质造成之问题。

In order to reasonably depict four basic problems with friction, one Coulomb friction new form in first Kirchhoff stress is proposed to deal with finite deformation problems, other Coulomb friction form in incremental mode to elastoplastic flow theory; Hilbert function spaces concerning elastoplastical problems with friction are established, so it makes all operations and calculations in the treatise standardized within the scope of reasonably topologic structure; In view of functional extremum, the equivalence between generalized variational inequalities principles in elastoplasticity with friction and corresponding basic problems are testified by inducing Lagrangian multipliers, so it provides a rationally theoretical basis for numerical methods in elastoplasticity with friction; From the viewpoint of variational inequality, the theory of generalized variational inequalities in elasticity and elastoplasticity with frictional constraint is studied, and the uniqueness and existence of the solution of FEM is proofed under the proposed conditions of stress compatibility, and them FEM approximation and a discrete solution are discussed; Based on the principles of generalized variational inequalities in elastoplasticity with friction, direct generalized variational inequalities methods is pretended, which is a natural generalization and development of direct variational methods; Using generalized variational inequalities methods, some examples in metal forming including plane deformation, upset and extrusion are analyzed and the results prove that all the theories and methods in the paper are right, feasible, accurate and advanced.

主要内容有：为了合理地描述金属塑性成形中摩擦约束弹性、弹塑性基本问题，提出和研究了有限变形下以Kirchhoff第一应力表示的Coulomb摩擦定律形式和弹塑性流动理论下以增量形式表示的Coulomb摩擦定律表示形式；系统建立了摩擦约束弹塑性问题的Hilbert函数空间，使本文规范在一个具有合理的代数拓扑结构内进行一切操作和运算；利用Lagrange乘子，从泛函极值的角度系统地阐述和论证了一系列摩擦约束弹性、弹塑性广义变分不等原理与相应的实际问题之间的等价性，它为处理摩擦约束的弹塑性力学数值方法提供了合理的理论基础；从变分不等式的角度出发，阐述了对应于摩擦约束弹性、弹塑性问题的广义变分不等式理论，首次提出了在应力相容性条件下，它的有限元解具有存在唯一性，进而讨论了其有限元近似及离散解法；基于摩擦约束弹塑性广义变分不等式原理，首次提出了直接广义变分不等式方法，这一方法是直接变分法的合理推广和发展；利用直接广义变分不等式方法对金属压力加工中的平面变形问题、镦粗、挤压等塑性成形问题进行了分析计算，验证了该理论和数值算法的正确性、实用性、精确性和优越性。

The results demonstrated that with the increase of twisting velocity, the torque on the hollow structure changes indistinctively. In case of increasing die velocity and target strain rate, the forming force of hot forming and gas pressure of superplastic forming will increase.

研究表明，扭转速度的提高使扭矩仅有较小的变化；当模具速度和应变速率提高时，热成形的成形力和超塑性成形的气压将提高。

The gel dynamics experiments showed that the gel formation law was similar with the other polymer systems, which wasrelated with dense surface under the soft coagulating condition and the thickening gel; the square of gel thickness was linear with coagulation time. The qualitative analysis of the surface puckers of fibers spun from wet spinning and dry-jet wet spinning was made. The positions where the die swell appeared were not the same and the die swell appeared at the air gap where the fiber would markedly been elongated and vary little in the coagulant, thus the surface of fiber spun from dry-jet wet spinning was more smooth. The radial component concentration gradient was responsible for the radial structure of PAN fiber spun from dry-jet wet spinning. The thicker surface with microvoid structure of

对湿纺和干湿纺进行比较表层沟槽的产生进行定性分析，原因在于孔口胀大区域出现在不同位置，在干湿纺中，溶液的孔口胀大出现在空气层，并在该区完成大部分形变，进入凝固浴后形变很小，纤维表面较为光滑；干湿纺PAN纤维径向结构存在差异，这与丝条内组分由于双扩散进行导致径向上存在浓度差异直接相关；凝固强度较大的体系，可以获得厚度较大且孔结构尺寸较小的皮层；含较少缠结的PAN原液在纤维成形后截面很圆整，但原液缠结浓度增大时成形后圆整度下降；PAN纤维成形是一个远离平衡的过程，凝固作用缓和的体系可以使成形过程靠近平衡，可获得更大尺寸的孔洞结构；原液中少量的非溶剂添加剂显著改变纤维径向结构，可获得孔洞尺寸更小和更为均一的径向结构，这与径向浓度差异的减小、分相时间的集中相关；PAN原液的成形纤维表面依赖于凝固强度；由AFM对相近凝固条件下成形的PAN膜进下

This type of snowflake, called a sectored plate, forms when the temperate dips below about 5 degrees Fahrenheit (-15 degrees Celsius).

这种类型的雪花，叫做扇形盘，当温度下降到华氏5度（--15摄氏度）使成形。

The design of the dry-dock falling gate"s structure is researched, and integrates the disquisitions and analysis on the dynamic characteristics about dock gate, in order to make the cabin design more visualizing.(2) The emphasis of this paper is the influence of the water hole and gas hole in the tidal cabin and the influence of the drain of the air-operated cabin.(3) In this paper, the building method of the dry-dock falling gate"s parametric model is studied and the dynamic analysis is accomplished in ADAMS, furthermore, the rising-and-falling angle curve is drawn while the dry dock gate is rising and falling.(4) The paper is based on the apprehension of the past theories and researches about air-operated dry-dock falling gate, and is explicated by hydraulic rationales and rising-and-falling mechanical principles. This software is developed by inner programming language in ADAMS and VC. This design could shorten design cycle.

1研究了气控式干船坞卧倒门的结构设计，整合对卧倒门在海水中运动中的动力特性研究，使卧倒门的设计，特别使其舱格设计更具可视化；(2)重点讨论潮汐舱水孔气孔对卧倒门水上运动的影响，空气操作舱充排水对卧倒门运动的影响；(3)研究了气控式干船坞卧倒门仿真模型的参数化方法和过程，并在ADAMS中完成了系统的动力学分析，绘制出了卧倒门在起卧过程中的运动特性曲线；(4)通过对已有的气控式干船坞卧倒门的实验成果和成形理论的解读，在理解其起浮和卧倒机理基础上，应用VC和ADAMS二次开发语言进行设计软件开发，定制了友好的用户化中文人机交互界面，使设计人员可以方便快捷地对卧倒门门进行设计开发，缩短了设计周期。

It is difficult to realize a large-scale production of Mg partsthrough press forming and stamping process, which greatly restricts their appl...

但镁合金的塑性随温度的升高而显著改善，这就使镁合金在高温下通过锻压成形和超塑成形来生产所需的零件成为可能。

Fill the piping with stuff, line to define the length and position for heating tube, daub tube, warm-up, make the role touch the piping by pressing the push-bike, heat up the piping to the necessary temperature, cut off power supply, one-off complete the process in the bending model.

在管坯内装填填充物、划线确定管坯加热的长度和位置、涂抹润滑剂、管坯装卡、预热、通过脚踏机构加压使电极与管坯紧密接触、采用二次加热工艺将管坯加热至所需温度、切断电源，在弯曲成形模具上一次性完成管坯的弯曲成形加工。

Laser Cladding Rapid Forming is a new developed technology on the basis of laser cladding and rapid forming in the recent years. In LCRF the substrate and the metallic powder fed synchronously are melt by laser beam and the metallurgical combination is formed, then the compact part with regular figures is manufactured layer by layer on the substrate. LCRF has some special advantages, such as high integration, high production efficiency, wide range of processable materials, no pollution to the environment and so on.

激光熔覆快速成形技术是近年来在激光熔覆技术和快速成形技术的基础上发展起来的一种新技术，通过激光熔化基体和同步送来的粉末，使粉末和基体形成冶金结合，并且在基体上堆积成有规则形状的致密的零件，具有集成度高、生产效率高、柔性好、可加工材料广泛、不污染环境等优点，因此受到了越来越广泛的关注。

Neither the killing of Mr Zarqawi nor any breakthrough on the political front will stop the insurgency and the fratricidal murders in their tracks.

在对危险的南部地区访问时，他斥责什叶派民兵领导人对中央集权的挑衅行为。

In fact,I've got him on the satellite mobile right now.

实际上 我们已接通卫星可视电话了