使分离的

The following points are emphasized:The operation models of adiabatic and diabatic distillation have been set up and the operation block, thermodynamics model and mathematical model in the simulation have been determined as well;(2)Based on the simulation and exergy analysis with Aspen Plus program, shortcut distillation design—DSTWU model and rigorous distillation design—RADFRAC model, the author has determined the heat duty, exergy losses and the distribution of exergy losses along the adiabatic column, which will help the simulation and optimization of the diabatic distillation;(3)Diabatic distillation under various operation conditions has been simulated by using energy balance method and exergy analysis;(4)How the different mixture and the various degree of separation, number of trays and feed location influence exergy saving in diabatic distillation have also been discussed;(5)On the basis of the total exergy losses along the column, different schema of the heat transfer distribution along the column have been compared and analyzed;they can be classified in three categories: heat duty equipartition approach, empirical approach, separation degree matching approach. In conclusion, different heat transfer distribution along the column will have effect on total exergy losses. In particular, most satisfactory results have been obtained by using separation degree matching approach. In order to diminish the exergy losses, heat transfer distribution should meet the needs of the request of separation degree.And on this premise, the author makes his suggestion in increasing the proportion of heat supplied to the tray with minimum exergy losses and decreasing the proportion of heat supplied to the tray with the maximum exergy losses.

本文对透热精馏过程进行了模拟并对其节能效果的影响因素做了较为全面的分析和深入的研究，主要研究内容如下：(1)建立了常规精馏和透热精馏过程的模拟操作模块、热力学模型以及数学模型；(2)利用化工模拟软件Aspen Plus并分别采用DSTWU简捷模型和RADFRAC严格计算模型对常规精馏进行模拟计算和有效能分析，确定常规精馏塔的公用工程热负荷、有效能损失及有效能损失在塔内的分布，为透热精馏的模拟和优化提供数据参考；(3)对不同物系在不同分离度条件下进行透热精馏的模拟，分别采用能量衡算法和有效能分析法进行计算和分析；(4)探讨了各种因素如物系的选择、不同分离度、塔板数、进料位置对透热精馏节能效果的影响；(5)以全塔总有效能损失为比较基准，对热量在塔内的三种分布方案即热负荷平均分配法、经验法和分离度匹配法进行了对比分析并得出结论：塔内热量的不同分布方案对于全塔总有效能损失会产生影响，其中以分离度匹配法的节能效果最为理想，为减少有效能的损失，应使塔内的热量分布满足各塔板的分离度要求，并在此前提下，尽量减小有效能损失大的塔板的热负荷和增加有效能损失小的塔板的热负荷。

Mol·L~(-1) individually and also with both heavy metals present. Plasmolysis, concentrated cytoplasm, disappear ance of the cristae of mitochondria, ambiguity of framework and destruction of mitochondria envelope were all symptoms of root cells under Cu stress; hollowing cells was also found in Cd treatment, and there existed some different granule in these hollowing cells.

铜使根细胞产生质壁分离、细胞质浓缩、部分细胞空泡化，使线粒体脊突消失、结构模糊、外膜破坏；镉使根细胞空泡化，并在部分空泡化的细胞里产生大小不等的颗粒状物；铜、镉交互污染使根细胞受害程度加深，并兼有两者的受害症状特征：线粒体结构彻底破坏、空泡化细胞里的颗粒物更大电子密度更高、质壁分离现象更普遍、质膜上的颗粒物沉淀更大。

The function mechanism among the minerals and floatation drugs had been studied with the way of IR and academic calculation, which pointed out that absorption of G-4 on the surface of phosphorite belonged to physical and chemical types, but the chemical one was in the highest flight. Absorption of amine collector named GE-609 on the surface of quartz belonged to electrostatic and physical type. Distilled water could hardly wash the GE-609 down from the surface of quartz. Leading component of S-721 was the concentrated compound of naphthol sulfonic acid and formaldehyde. The compound had a stronger affinity to the Mg~(2+) on surface of dolomite than the Ca2+ on surface of phosphorite, which is the essential reason in the separation of phosphorite and dolomite. The leading components of soluble glass in function were HSiO3 hydronium and F^SiC^ colloid granule.

通过红外光谱测定以及理论计算的方法研究了选矿药剂与矿物间的作用机理，研究表明：脂肪酸捕收剂G-4对胶磷矿的捕收作用是以化学吸附为主、化学吸附与物理吸附共同作用的结果；胺类阳离子捕收剂GE-609在石英表面的吸附属于静电物理吸附，但很难用水洗的方法使GE-609从石英表面脱附；S-721主要成分为萘酚磺酸与甲醛的缩合物，萘酚磺酸与甲醛的缩合物对白云石表面Mg~(2+)的吸附明显强于对胶磷矿表面Ca~(2+)的吸附，这是胶磷矿与白云石分离的根本原因；水玻璃溶液中对石英起抑制作用的主要组分是HSiO_3~-和H_2SiO_3胶粒，水玻璃除对石英起抑制作用外，对矿浆还具有一定的分散作用。

The methodrapidly separates a large amount of different kinds of urushioldiacetates.Because the silver ion is very sensitive to theconfiguration and the degree of unsaturation of the unsaturated bonds,urushiol diacetate were well separated.

本文采用涂渍〓的离心旋转薄层层析法，发挥分离速度快，分离量大，固定相利用率高，分离效果好及〓对双键位置及构型作用灵敏等优点，因而使乙酰化漆酚达到了满意的分离。

Take the 10~12ml single-valve capacity as the example, with flings turns the head to separate evenly, 36.000rpm 60 the hour, turns the head with the angle type to separate 45, OOOrpm 36 the hour, the former including adds the deceleration to use in common 130,000,000 revolution of actuation department lives, the latter must use 100,000,000 revolution of actuation department lives, this was 100 ~ 20,000,000,000 transfers to at that time the supercentrifuge total life looked, without doubt each time tests the expense to be excessively high, in addition the CsCl amount used are many, price expensive and so on factors, causes this kind of separation purification work to become the very expensive experiment.

以10~12ml单管容量为例，用甩平转头分离，36.000rpm 60小时，用角式转头分离45，OOOrpm 36小时，前者包括加减速在内共用去1.3亿转驱动部寿命，后者也要用去1亿转驱动部寿命，这对当时超速离心机总寿命为100~200亿转来看，无疑每次实验费用过高，加上CsCl用量多、价格贵等因素，使这类分离纯化工作成为非常昂贵的实验。

Linton complied; and had he been unrestrained, would probably have spoiled all by filling his epistles with complaints and lamentations: but his father kept a sharp watch over him; and, of course, insisted on every line that my master sent being shown; so, instead of penning his peculiar personal sufferings and distresses, the themes constantly uppermost in his thoughts, he harped on the cruel obligation of being held asunder from his friend and love; and gently intimated that Mr Linton must allow an interview soon, or he should fear he was purposely deceiving him with empty promises.

林惇顺从了；如果他不受拘束，他大概会使他的信中充满了抱怨和悲叹，结果就会把一切搞糟：但是他的父亲监视他很严；当然我主人送去的信每一行都非给他看不可；所以他只好不写他特有的个人痛苦和悲伤，而这是他的思想里最先想到的题目，他却只表达了硬把他与他的朋友和爱人分离之苦；他还向林惇先生慢慢暗示必须早些允许见面，不然他会担心林惇先生是故意用空话来搪塞他了。

In the developed world there are a number of options: a process called 'sperm washing', which separates sperm from HIV-causing agents before being used for insemination, is safest for couples where a positive man wants to avoid the risk of infecting his negative female partner or reinfecting his positive partner; artificial insemination is the safest way of conceiving for couples with a positive woman and a negative man.

在发达国家他们会有许多选择：&精子洗涤&，即在受精前将精子与引起HIV的物质分离，这样可使阳性的男性避免传染阴性的女伴，或再传染给阳性配偶，对于这种情况，&清洗精子&是最安全的；人工授精，这对于由阳性女伴和阴性男伴组成的夫妇来说是最安全的生育方式。

In the deeloped world there are a number of options: a process called 'sperm washing', which separates sperm from HI-causing agents before being used for insemination, is safest for couples where a positie man wants to aoid the risk of infecting his negatie female partner or reinfecting his positie partner; artificial insemination is the safest way of conceiing for couples with a positie woman and a negatie man.

在发达国家他们会有许多选择：&精子洗涤&，即在受精前将精子与引起HI的物质分离，这样可使阳性的男性避免传染阴性的女伴，或再传染给阳性配偶，对于这种情况，&清洗精子&是最安全的；人工授精，这对于由阳性女伴和阴性男伴组成的夫妇来说是最安全的生育方式。

When purify carries the suspension colloid grain of negative electric charge in natural raw water, it is OK that its element linear grows the positive electrical charge that contains in catenary to be opposite remove electric sex to counteract the double function that reachs adsorption to bridge at the same time, and water-solubility of starch of this kind of modified is good, burnt viscosity is stable, cast impose kind agile, it is a kind of function exceedingly good organic, inorganic and compound high polymer garrulous coagulates agent.

在去除天然原水中带负电荷的悬浮胶体颗粒时，其分子线性长链中所带有的正电荷对可以同时起到电性中和及吸附(物质表面吸住周围介质中的分子或离子现象)架桥的双重功能，而且这种改性淀粉水溶性好，糊粘度稳定，投加方式灵活，是一种性能优异的有机-无机复合高分子絮凝(使液体中悬浮微粒集聚变大或形成絮团，从而加快粒子聚沉，达到固-液分离的过程)剂。

The results showed: when TLC solvent system was: chloroform - methanol - diethyl amine = 90:9:1, alkaloids from lotus leaves were well isolated, and five components were isolated and identified by spraying Dragendorff reagent. The optimal conditions of HPLC solvent system were: methanol- water - diethyl amine = 75:25:0.0125. Under the conditions, components of alkaloids from lotus leaves were separated very well, and ideal RP-HPLC peaks were obtained.5、Methods of High Speed Counter Current Chromatography and preparative High Performance Liquid Chromatography applied to identify and purify alkaloids from lotus leaves were set up. When solvent system of HSCCC was: chloroform - methanol - water (pH=4.00)= 4:3:2, speed of chromatogram was 700rpm, flow speed of the mobile phase was 2mL/min, four pure components relatively were attained by isolation and purification.

结果表明：薄层层析溶剂系统为氯仿：甲醇：二乙胺=90：9：1，使荷叶中的生物碱达到了较好的分离效果，并用改良的碘化铋钾试剂喷雾显色，共分离鉴别出了5种荷叶生物碱；分析型HPLC分析检测的较优溶剂系统为甲醇：水：二乙胺=75：25：0.0125，使荷叶生物碱的各个组分达到了基线分离，并获得了较好的峰形。5、建立了高速逆流色谱和制备型HPLC技术分离纯化荷叶生物碱的具体方法。H(来源：ABC46论文网www.abclunwen.com)SCCC法在溶剂系统为氯仿：甲醇：pH4.00的水=4：3：2，色谱仪转速为700rpm，流动相流速为2mL／min的条件下，分离纯化得到了4个纯度较高的化合物。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。