作者的

This kind of images has made the city become a forest of cement and mechanical moving objects.Those who have created and are living in this atmosphere are,at the same time,enjoying the curiosities,strangeness,dissepiment and insecuritie .All these feelings are hard to be described in one scenario.This is no doubt the feeling of Feng jie,therefore he has adopted a kind of mural painting,used some images that are not interrelated and organized these pieces of memories into a container.Feng jie has a good skill to paint realitically,so he is able to express this kind of absurdness as truly as photographs.He can organize the reality like pieces of cards into an ordered space of images.

环路、高速路、红灯、绿灯、黄灯，——从过街桥上看街道，街道是车的河床，流动着过来的白灯，过去的红灯——这种印象把城市变成了水泥的森林，机械物的运动场，——造成，并生活在其间的人，也同时"享受"这期间的"新奇感"、"陌生感"、"隔膜感"和"不安全感"——这种感受，很难在一个情节剧中叙述，——这就是作者的感觉，他采用一种壁画的篇幅，用一些互不相关的图像，把这些"记忆的碎片"组织在一个"集装箱"中——作者有很强的写实能力，因此能把这种潜在的荒诞感，做得如照片映像般的真实，能把这些碎片似的真实，潜在结构成一个有序的图示的空间中，——一种可沟通的"惶惑"，可感知的冷处理的客观性以及他的批判立场。

This article may be freely distributed so long as the copyright, author's information and an active link are included.

这篇文章可以自由分发，只要版权作者的信息和积极联系都包括在内。

This article may be freely distributed so long as the copyright, author's information, disclaimer, and an active link are included.

这篇文章可以自由分发，只要著作权，作者的信息披露、并积极联系都包括在内。

Is mainly through the time background which as well as the biography experience inquisition locates to author Liang Chenyu,explored it to create "Huan Sha Ji" such has poured into the traditional historical story the deep political content,while eulogized struggle spirit which more country rulers and the ministers vigorous planned to be stronger,make determined efforts,also criticized the Wu rulers and the ministers sybaritism,to be greedy for money lasciviously,does not distinguish loyal deceitful decayed essential the dramatic work behind,what were more was to mold the painstaking care which the Xi Shi image poured into,namely Xi Shi has represented Liang Chenyu in the ideal character image,and was reposing author's ideal of life.

主要是通过对作者梁辰鱼所处的时代背景以及生平经历的探究，来探索其创作《浣纱记》这样一个将传统的历史故事注入了深厚的政治内容，在歌颂了越国君臣发奋图强、励精图治的斗争精神的同时，也批判了吴国君臣骄奢淫逸、贪财好色、不辨忠奸的腐朽本质的剧作的背后，更多的是为塑造西施形象所倾注的心血，即西施代表了梁辰鱼理想中的人物形象，并寄托着作者的人生理想。

Many researchers have devoted their work to the development of modal analysis extraction techniques in order to obtain more reliable identification of the modal parameters. There are many damping identification methods, but each one has different merit and defect. In order to find which one is the most reliable method with respect to certain characteristics, this thesis focus on how to identify structure's damping in time domain. The following works have been done in this thesis: 1. Investigate four modal analysis methods——the LSCE Method, the Ibrahim Time Domain Method, the Time Domain Collectivity Modal Parameter Method, the Rational Fraction Polynomial Method and improve on the ITD Method in arithmetic.

本文主要做了如下工作： 1、集中研究了四种常用的模态识别方法，即最小二乘复指数法、Ibrahim时域法、时域总体模态参数辨识法及有理分式多项式法，并对ITD法在算法上进行了一定的改进； 2、建立结构动力模型，利用这四种方法在具体条件下识别结构的阻尼，并绘制相应的图； 3、讨论不同的情况下，不同的识别方法对阻尼识别精确性的影响； 4、基于业已明确的阻尼识别的精确性，根据研究的需要，指出在实际的识别过程中，如何选择最佳的识别方法以及识别过程中需要注意的问题； 5、选择最为精确的阻尼识别方法，以导师李书进教授在日本京都大学防灾研究所强震反应实验室所做的一足尺木制结构房屋的动力测试实验为实测模型，识别其阻尼； 6、在本文的最后，尽作者所知，提出了一些需要改进的地方，并对未来的研究方向给出了作者的建议。

In the dissertation, the coherence of the works will be testified from three aspects: lexical, clausal and message aspects. In lexical aspect, Anderson achieves the coherence of the works by using those lexical devices such as repetition, collocation, general words and so on; in clausal aspect, through using referential devices skillfully, the author succeeds in creating semantic coherence between clauses in which there are no relationships of grammatical structure; As for message aspect, the pattern of thematic progression shows how new information and given information are connected with each other. At the same time, it portrays the trains of the authors thoughts.

本文从词汇、句子层面和信息结构三方面对小说连贯进行了全面的分析：安德森通过对词汇的重复、词汇的搭配、泛指词等词汇手段的巧妙运用，使小说在意义上达到了很强的连贯；在句子层面上，作者通过巧妙的运用各种照应手段，在互相没有语法结构关系的句子之间产生了语义的连贯；在信息结构方面，主位述位推进模式清晰的勾勒出了作者的思路，各句的信息在语义上的衔接也一目了然。

Pragmatic presupposition determines the choice of information focus and its position in a sentence,organizes the discourse into a coherent whole,concise,clear and smooth,and achieves the expected stylistic effects.in college english teaching,if teachers teach the knowledge about pragmatic presupposition in listening teaching,introduce the frequently-seen patterns of presupposition, increase the presuppositional sensitivity of students to certain words and structures,guide students to use the theory on presuppositional information to make forecasts on base of written listening material,listen purposefully,and get rid of the distraction of the minor and redundant information,the ability of students to obtain major information and linguistic inference will be strengthened and their listening competence will improve remarkably.george yule divided presuppositional triggers into factive presupposition,non-factive presupposition,counter-factive presupposition,existential presupposition,lexical presupposition and structural presupposition.presuppositional triggers are helpful for us to understand the true intention of the speaker or writer.in college english reading teaching,if teachers introduce the discourse organizing function of pragmatic presupposition and the relevant presupposition triggers,and teach students to use these triggers to communicate with the writer,the comprehension competence of students will be greatly enhanced.the essential function of presupposition is to build a framework for the further development of discourse.in college english writing teaching,teachers can use the theory on pragmatic presupposition to construct a handy training program for textual organization,increase the textual coherence, economy and structural perfection of the english writings by students.in college english translation teaching,teachers should focus on developing the pragmatic presuppositional thinking of students,enable them to grasp the presupposed information in source text / speech exactly,understand the original thoroughly,correctly reorganize and reproduce the pragmatic presuppositions in the target language,carry out the functional equivalence in translation and successfully realize the smooth and accurate communication.with the instruction of pragmatic presupposition in college english teaching,the complete understanding and integral acquisition of english and chinese of students will come true.in conclusion,to implement the curriculum requirements for college english teaching promulgated by the ministry of education of china,we should emphasize the instruction of the theory on pragmatic presupposition in college english teaching,carry it through from beginning to end.it's one of the important means to realize the college english teaching reform, improve the effects of college english teaching,strengthenr the practical and integrative language abilities of students,in order to cultivate the compound talents to adapt to the global integration and meet the requirements of the reform and opening in china.

在大学英语教学中，教师将语用预设知识贯穿于听力教学过程中，讲授一些常出现的预设类型，提高学生对一些特定的词语和结构的预设敏感度，引导学生运用预设信息理论对听力文字材料进行预测，有的放矢，排除次要、冗余信息的干扰，增强获取主要信息的能力和语言推理能力，从而提。。。更多高学生的听力理解水平。george yule将预设触发语分为事实预设、非事实预设、反事实预设、存在预设、词汇预设和结构预设，触发语有助于我们在阅读当中理解作者的真正用意。在大学英语阅读教学中，介绍语用预设的语篇组织功能和有关的预设触发语，并利用触发语来与作者进行交流，会极大地提高阅读理解能力。预设的基本功能就是为语篇的进一步发展建立一个框架。利用语用预设理论可以为大学英语写作教学构建一个易于操作的篇章组织训练方法，提高学生英语写作的语篇连贯性，经济性和结构优化。在大学英语翻译教学中，注重培养学生的语用预设思维，准确把握源语的前提信息，透彻理解原文，使语用预设在目的语中正确重组和再现，实现翻译的功能对等，交际的流畅性和准确性，并增强学生对英汉双语的全面性认识和整体性习得。综上所述，为更好地贯彻和实施教育部颁布的《大学英语课程教学要求》，在大学英语教学中重视语用预设理论的传授，使语用预设贯穿于大学英语教学的始终，是实现大学英语教学改革的重要手段，改善大学英语教学效果，增强学生的实用综合语言能力，培养符合全球一体化趋势，适应改革开放要求的复合型人才。

A translation would be a receptor language interpretively resembling the original;③ While searching for relevance the translator must make his train of thought relevant to the original author's and the receptor language audience's cognitive environments;④ The translator must perform his responsibility for making the author's informative intention and communicative intention meet the target readers' expectations;⑤ In the course of translating, the translator makes contextual assumptions and searches for relevance according to the source lexical information, logical information and encyclopaedic information in his cognitive environment.

我们给它定义为，在翻译过程中译者思维运作的跨文化区域，它主要包括五点内容：①翻译是一个认知推理的跨文化交际过程，其研究对象是译者的大脑信息处理机制的运作过程；②翻译可以视为语际间释意相似性接受语语段；③译者作出语境假设寻找关联时，必须使他的思维与原文作者的认知语境和译文读者的认知语境相关联；④译者必须履行责任，使原文作者的意图与译文读者的期盼相吻合；⑤译者应在原文文本明示的基础上，根据原文的词汇信息，逻辑信息以及它的百科信息作出语境假设，寻找关联。

The paper combines the narrative form and the narrative skills with the responses of the implied reader and the flesh-and-blood reader, and explores the inner mind of the implied author who guides our interpretation. We come to understand how his guide and our own freedom of judgment influence our view of the character of Caddy from the point of view of narrative ethics. We question her total depravity so as to construct her real character.

本文试图把叙事的形式和技巧问题与隐含读者以及现实中的读者的回应联系起来，深入隐含作者的内心世界考察隐含作者如何引导我们通过自己的手段进行推断，以及他的引导和我们的相对自由如何影响着我们从叙事伦理角度看待凯蒂这个人物，质疑她是否真的走向彻底堕落，以建构她的真实形象。

In light of the concept of inter-subjectivity from Philosophical Hermeneutics, in the fourth chapter, this thesis ventures to make a tentative exploration to the subjects in literary translation and view cultural mistranslations as inter-subjective dialogues among those subjects.

借鉴哲学阐释学的主体间性和理解对话性的概念，本文在第四章以文化误译为途径，对文学翻译的主体和主体间性作了初步探索，指出文学翻译作品是原文作者，作品人物，译者和读者交流对话的结果，交化误译是译者主体性的彰显，译者对作者的作品风格的呼应，对意向读者的迎合，以及和作品人物对话而产生的结果。

For a big chunk of credit-card losses; the number of filings (and thus charge-off rates) would be rising again, whether

年美国个人破产法的一个改动使得破产登记急速下降，而后引起了信用卡大规模的亏损。

Eph. 4:23 And that you be renewed in the spirit of your mind

弗四23 而在你们心思的灵里得以更新