作家

Ralph Ellison nimbly defends the blacks' humanity with his outstanding cultural vision, and his witty use of metaphors in language. He outdid the traditional literature focusing on moralistic propaganda by Mrs. Stowe, and the naturalistic protest fiction centering on hard boiled remonstration and violence by Richard Wright, firstly by speaking highly of the 191 century classic works by such white writers as Melville, Faulkner and Mark Twain, who showed humanistic spirit affirming the blacks' humanity, and secondly by making use of the highly symbolic arid subversive language both to represent negro's humanity and whites' inhumanity, and more importantly by probing into the universal human nature by alluding to the Riddle of the Sphinx, which demonstrates, in a broad sense, the author's humanistic concern for the living dilemma of the contemporary people and also his advocatory tendency to revive the humanistic spirit of the 19th century writers.

拉尔夫埃利森通过对梅尔维尔、福克纳和马克吐温等19世纪美国经典白人作家的作品解读，赞赏了这些作家在肯定黑人人性时表现出的人道主义精神；同时运用高度象征性和颠覆性的语言，展示了黑人的人性，揭示了白人的非人性；并通过&斯芬克斯之谜&典故的阐释，对普遍意义上的人性作了探讨，体现了作者对所有现代人的生存困境的关注，从而超越了以斯陀夫人小说为代表的注重道义宣传的传统文学，以及以理查德赖特的创作为代表的注重态度强硬的抗议与暴力表达的自然主义文学，体现出回归与提升19世纪人文主义作家人道主义精神的创作倾向。

The third century gives us (1) the Alexandrian writers of the catechetical school,(2) the writers of Asia Minor and (3) Palestine, and the first Western writers,(4) at Rome, Hippolytus, and Novatian,(5) the great African writers, and a few others.

湾的第三个世纪给我们（ 1 ）亚历山大作家的问答学校，（ 2 ）作家小亚细亚和第（ 3 ）巴勒斯坦和的第一位西方作家，（ 4 ）在罗马举行，西波吕，和Novatian ，（ 5 ）伟大的非洲作家，和其他一些。

Born in Bishop's Stortford, England, Minette Walters was educated in Salisbury and went to Durham University where she read French and German. She then became magazine editor as well as a romance novelist. In 1992 she turned to murder and was immediately very successful: her first crime novel won the John Creasey award in 1992 for best first crime novel.

有&悬疑小说女王&之称的米涅·渥特丝﹙Minette Walters﹚1949年生于英国，1992年开始尝试悬疑推理小说写作，其处女作《冰屋》获当年英国推理作家协会年度最佳新作大奖，次年她的第二本悬疑小说《女雕刻家》一举荣获美国推理作家协会爱伦·坡奖，1994年推出的《毒舌钩》又摘取了英国推理作家协会金匕首奖。

Byatt,Doris lessing,Zadie Smity,Victoria Hislop,Martin Amis, Minette Walters; USA writers Irwin Shaw,Jodi Picoult,Truman Capote,ToniMorrison,Karolyn Parkhurst;Japanese writer Yamaoka Sohachi, Tanaka Yoshiki,Kuroyanagi Tetsuko,Kawakami Hiromi,Matsumoto Seicho,Miyabe Miyuki, Akagawa Jirou,Higashino Keigo, Murakami Haruki,Shimada Yoshichi;Brazil writer Paulo Coelho and so on.

拜亚特、多丽丝·莱辛、查蒂·史密斯、维多利亚·希丝洛普、马丁·阿米斯、米涅·渥特丝；美国作家欧文·肖，杜鲁门·卡波特，托妮·莫里森，牙买加·琴凯德，朱迪·皮考特，卡罗琳·帕克丝特等；日本作家山冈庄八，田中芳树，黑柳彻子，川上弘美，松本清张，宫部美雪，赤川次郎，东野圭吾，村上春树，岛田洋七；巴西作家保罗·柯艾略等。

If a writer is attributes to "female writers", she/he might easily be regarded as one who disfavors or discontents with the women character in nature; the terms of "female literature" or "female writers" to some extent implicates pejorative meaning.

作为女性作家，很容易就被认定放弃&内在&的女性特质。因此，「女性文学」和「女性作家」的措辞，直觉上就有轻蔑或含糊之意，所以许多优秀的当代女作家极力撇清「女性作家」的称号，避免被贴上「女性文学」的标签。

Their differences in form make this effect a complicated process of intersecting and dissociating, attracting and resisting.

日常叙事的风行是对曾经一统天下的宏伟叙事的偏执性反拔，是启蒙神话破裂之后的幻灭叙事，写物主义倾向和日常生活本身的封闭性与重复性使小说的主体性呈现为碎片状态；模糊审美作为叙事风格主要表现为内心光照逐渐黯淡的黑夜主题夺走了叙事者的存在基础，欲望化叙事和表象化叙事闪现着一种遗忘意志，作家相对主义式的犹豫表达模糊了必要的价值分野；小说的新闻化倾向作为一种文体现象，是对快速推进的信息时代和全球性的非虚构化潮流的文化回应，但它所标榜的真实性因为只能停留在表浅层次而显得暖昧和可疑；自我重复是反修辞和反诗学的命题，是指相同的叙事成分在同一作家的不同作品中的机械重复，自我重复有细节重复、情节与结构重复、扩写与改写等表现形式，媒体时代的强制性文化法则、作家的内在缺陷和叙事模式的局限性是其文化根源；反讽与讽刺相比，是一种相对温和却又更具普遍性的文化反抗形式，但九十年代小说的言语反讽、情境反讽和总体反讽都因为主体缺乏内在的价值支撑而陷入虚无，虚伪的反抗成为一种遮蔽现实的屏障；九十年代小说的叙事视角从传统的全知视角转向限知视角，具体表现为旁观视角和窥视视角，这种强调局部性和差异性的视角本来可以成为扩展个人话语空间的正当途径，但由于它们被过分地利用于渲染感官刺激和心理刺激，与大众趣味不谋而合。

But displaying themes in Christianity and using bible language do not imply that the authors have religious thoughts or they are Christians. It is true that most authors select and approve Christian value rationally, but they can not give up traditional cultural factors in emotion. Thus, in hesitating and maundering they keep a distance from Christianity initiatively. A small portion of authors were intimate with Christianity emotionally and christianized once, but they were not solid enough to defense against outside political pressure and various allurements of historical philosophy. Therefore they estranged from, even gave up their believing.

但作家们表现基督教题材，使用圣经语言，并不表明他们已经拥有自己的宗教思想或者基督信仰，事实刚好相反，大部分作家在理智方面选择、认同基督教的价值理念，情感上却丢弃不了传统的文化因素，于犹疑、徘徊中自觉地与基督信仰保持距离；一小部分作家一度在情感上亲近并皈依基督信仰，却很难抵御外部政治环境的压力和各种历史思想的诱惑，自觉地疏远甚至放弃自己的信仰。

is an excellent writer and one more attuned to her audience than almost any other writer I can name, even the fantasists against whom I read her in my course," he observes.

他评论道：&是一位杰出的作家，一位几乎要比任何我所想过的别的作家都贴近读者的作家，甚至比那些在我的课程中，我用来和她进行比读的魔幻小说家&

This paper attempts to from love, the marriage, family angle obtaining, the analysis to study the new time female writer writing love and marriage writing to be able to find out by secret inquiry the contemporary feminine writer to present thoroughly in the text the feminine experience, since through various stages has had the representative feminine writer work analysis to the new time, summaries in the contemporary feminine writer novel text both gender relations evolution path and initiates these changes the reason; Inspects the feminine consciousness which under the male power tradition fetter clear appears day by day, the female while breaks through the male power bamboo fence to own value to refute the localization; Clearly recognized the female in the modern society the real survival situation and the stress disorder which causes facing the social environment vicissitude turbulent, time the self-value choice confusion.

本论文试图从爱情、婚姻、家庭角度入手，分析研究新时期以来女作家笔下的婚恋书写，更加深入地探知当代女性作家呈现于文本中的女性经验；通过对新时期以来各阶段具有代表性的女性作家作品的剖析，归纳总结出当代女性作家小说文本中两性关系嬗变的轨迹及引发这些变化的原因；从中考察男权传统束缚下日益彰显出的女性意识，女性在冲破男权藩篱的同时对自身价值的偏颇定位；认清女性在现代社会中真实的生存处境和面对社会环境变迁引起的精神心理动荡、自我价值选择时的困惑。

The database provides bibliographies on over 800 British women writers, as well as related material on literary, social and historical events, male writers and non-British women writers.

主要收录早期到当代有关大不列颠女性作家传记与评论资料，另也收录男性作家和非英国妇女作家的作品。

It has been put forward that there exists single Ball point and double Ball points on the symmetrical connecting-rod curves of equilateral mechanisms.

从鲍尔点的形成原理出发，分析对称连杆曲线上鲍尔点的产生条件，提出等边机构的对称连杆曲线上有单鲍尔点和双鲍尔点。

The factory affiliated to the Group primarily manufactures multiple-purpose pincers, baking kits, knives, scissors, kitchenware, gardening tools and beauty care kits as well as other hardware tools, the annual production value of which reaches US$ 30 million dollars.

集团所属工厂主要生产多用钳、烤具、刀具、剪刀、厨具、花园工具、美容套等五金产品，年生产总值3000万美元，产品价廉物美、选料上乘、质量保证，深受国内外客户的青睐