作家

From a perspective of the nature of the absurdness of the text, the absurd narrative method, the author's philosophy of writing and also the nature of the "laughter culture", this essay takes a few of the author's short stories as examples to analyze the poetic features of this post-modernist writer.

本文以作家若干重要的短篇小说为例，从文本荒诞的意义内涵、荒诞的叙事方式、作家创作的哲学理念和"笑文化"的具体内涵出发，深入分析了这位后现代主义作家创作的诗学特征。

Kurt Vonnegut is an influential novelist, satirist, and dramatist, and black humorist in American literary field and has been lauded as one of American most respected novelists due to his active artistic interaction with American life.

库尔特·冯内古特是美国文坛上一位很有影响力的小说家、讽刺作家、剧作家和黑色幽默作家，因为他对美国生活进行的积极艺术探讨被誉为美国最受人尊敬的作家之一。

It developed from a slightly boozy lunch I had with some writer friends. We were bemoaning the fact that authors of popular fiction found it hard to get published and receive any recognition. Writers of literary fiction received grants and other handouts to get their work published, but commercial writers received nothing.

这个主意源于一次我和一些作家朋友们的午餐；当时大家都喝了点酒，然后都在抱怨通俗小说的作家们很难得到发表的机会，更难以得到社会认可；严肃作家们有很多机会，而商业写手们却什么也得不到。

Trying to free from the narrow traditional perspective, only studying his writings, this dissertation combines the Shizhecun as a writer and the one as an intellectual; his writing activities with his publishing, editing, translating and other cultural activities, which will make researchers look to the effects of the relevant cultural factors beyond his writings. It will not only show the broad-mindedness and the uncommon tolerant spirits of the old intellectuals, but will also be a reference for training the intellectual-conscious scholar or writer of various capabilities at present.

本文试图打破以往作家作品论的狭隘研究视角，将作为作家的施蛰存和作为知识分子的施蛰存结合起来，将其创作与出版、编辑、翻译等文化活动结合起来，使研究者能注意到作品之外的有关文化因素的影响，这不仅体现了老一代知识分子的宽阔视野和非凡气度，同时对今天培养具有各种能力的有自觉知识分子意识的学者或作家有一定的参考作用。

Creation of Zhi Qing writers has shown complicated creation motivation: the rough experience and life experience cause them intense desire; The tenacious "Zhi Qing complex" caused by peculiar Zhi Qing identity and cultural psychology becomes the spirit driving force that the writer creates; at the same time, intense sense of social responsibility and sense of mission also urge Zhi Qing writers to take up in hand not to stop field writing for their generation.

知青作家的创作表现出了复杂的创作动机：坎坷的知青经历和生活体验造成了知青作家强烈的诉说欲求；而特殊的知青身份和文化心理形成的执着的&知青情结&成为作家创作的精神驱动力；同时强烈的社会责任感和使命感也促使知青作家拿起手中的笔为知青一代不停地写作。

To make sure Xiao"s female tragic consciouness"s great position, Xiao Hongs difference in description of female the achievements in the history of modern female literature and the history ot Chinese modern literature through the comparison between Xiao Hong and the other female writers.

通过萧红与女性作家、男性作家的比较研究，探寻萧红与同时代女性作家、男性作家的个性差异，进而确立她的女性悲剧意识在中国现代女性文学乃至中国现代文学史上不同凡响的地位和意义。

And then, listed 5 representatives of Chinese journeying writers (ancient writer LIU ZONGYUAN , SUSHI, modern writer YU DAFU zhu ziqing and contemporary YU QIUYU) who presented different periods of Chinese Journeying literature. Wit combi ning all their lives and prodcuts made a practical reviewing. At the same time, probed into the experience of those people who suffered outcasted or dismissed from office, and figured out those intellectual,their ideal, valued standard and their attitudes towards to life. Posted the profounding impact of" outcast literature" on Chinese intellectual"s personalities" coming into being and its unique cognition ability and social meaning.

其次，以中国游记文学史不同时期的5位代表作家(古代作家柳宗元、苏轼，现代作家郁达夫、朱自清，当代作家余秋雨)为个案，结合他们的生平经历及游记文学创作情况，对&贬谪文化&现象进行具体的考察，探讨&贬谪之士&的人生遭遇和心路历程，解读中国历代知识分子的理想信念、价值取向和人生态度，揭示&贬谪文化&现象对中国知识分子文化人格形成产生的长远影响及其独特的认识价值和社会意义。

Moreover, there also are some theories that some scholars research from the literary history angle, but are in whole range of Seventeen-Year Literature.

另外，从文学史角度研究的一些论断也有，但是在中国&十七年文学&整体研究范围内，因为缺乏具体的文本细读，做出的仅仅是笼统的关于作家在艺术与政治之间左右摇摆的结论，并且往往把作家摇摆的原因归于文艺政策与文学规范的约束，而没有在具体的作品中揭示与思考：作家个体性的生命体验与政治追求之间的矛盾是如何体现的以及这种矛盾在什么程度上获得了解决；解决方式蕴含着作家对此问题怎样的理解与认识，这些理解与认识是否构成了中国&十七年非主流文学&对主流话语的真正突围。

The third chapter focus on dicussing the narrative structure in Chinese modern authors' autobiographies. Firstly, we found there are at least three modes of structure:self-estimation,self enquiry on identity and the arranging of autobiographical facts.

纵的方面，即从叙事学的角度来探讨现代作家自传的叙事结构，主要是自我形象的塑造与阐释的三种方式，即自我评价、身份探讨与事实排列三个方面，分别选定不同方式的代表作家来剖析说明，不同的结构方式产生的是不同的自我形象；其次是现代作家自传话语的分析，从女性作家入手来阐释女性自传相对于男性自传更为深刻的表达焦虑。

With the total number of works published amounting to almost 190 million, Diogenes has so far released more than 5,800 titles, out of which more than 2,000 are still available. These include classics such as Montaigne, Shakespeare, Moliere, Flaubert, Stendhal, Balzac, Dickens, Tolstoy, Chekhov; modern classics such as Georges Simenon, William Faulkner, F. Scott Fitzgerald, George Orwell, Carson McCullers, Patricia Highsmith; bestselling authors such as John Irving, Paulo Coelho, Donna Leon; and equally successful German-speaking writers such as Alfred Andersch, Friedrich D rrenmatt, Urs Widmer, Hugo Loetscher, Ingrid Noll, Jakob Arjouni, Erich Hackl, Bernhard Schlink, Doris D rrie, Martin Suter and Patrick S skind.

他们的作者名单包括了经典作家蒙田、莎士比亚、莫里哀、福楼拜、司汤达、巴尔扎克、狄更斯、托尔斯泰、契诃夫，现代经典作家乔治·西默农、威廉·福克纳、司各特·菲茨杰拉德、乔治·奥威尔、卡森·麦卡勒斯，派翠西亚·海史密斯，畅销书作家约翰·欧文、保罗·科埃略、唐娜·莱昂，还有同样出色的德语作家们，如艾尔弗雷德·安德森、弗里德里克·迪伦马特、乌尔斯·维特默尔，胡戈·罗彻尔，英格丽特·诺尔，雅各布·阿约尼，埃里希·海克尔，本哈德·施林克，桃丽丝·多利，马丁·苏特和帕特里克·聚斯金德。

In the United States, chronic alcoholism and hepatitis C are the most common ones.

在美国，慢性酒精中毒，肝炎是最常见的。

If you have any questions, you can contact me anytime.

如果有任何问题，你可以随时联系我。