作图的

Clau (5, 10, 20〓) was bound to rat plasma a greater extent than clau, while in rabbit plasma the reverse was the case. By Scatchard plots using bovine serum albumin, clau had a higher equilibrium constant and the greater numbers of binding sites than its antipode.

在与大鼠血浆蛋白的结合中，clau的结合率平均为28.37±0.31（n=3，三个剂量5，10，20μM），clau的结合率平均为38.05±2.61（n=3），clau结合率低于clau；而在与兔血浆蛋白的结合中，clau的结合率平均为47.21±4.91（n=3，三个剂量），clau的结合率平均为41.43±5.21（n=3），clau的结合率略高于clau；在与牛血清白蛋白的结合中，clau的结合率也高于clau，立体选择方向与兔血浆蛋白结合相同，而与大鼠血浆蛋白结合相反，提示存在种属差异；在与系列浓度的牛血清白蛋白结合中，通过Scatchard作图法求得蛋白结合点数和平衡常数；在clau，N和K分别为90.02±35.76和5.326±1.196（n=4）；在clau，N和K分别为59.92±20.39和4.203±1.250（n=4），两者的比值分别为1.50和1.27；进一步说明clau对映体的蛋白结合存在立体选择性差异。

The rheological character of a polymer often appears as shear-thinning. Most polymers behaviour in a solution can be explained by the polymer chain or hard sphere theory. Other than that, shear-thickening polymer solution also exists. Its behavior can be explained by dilatant theory, which suggests that the shear-thickening of the solution is due to the swelling of the polymer particles. This phenomenon often occurs in suspension or emulsion. Solution exhibits a mixed behavior can also be found whose behavior is such that shear-thinning occurs under low shear force and shear-thickening occurs under high shear force. Under this circumstance, the viscosity versus shear force graph exhibits a spoon shaped curve. The rheological study can be applied to the dispersion of paint which can predict the dispersion effect of various polymer materials in solution.

中文摘要一般高分子聚合物溶液的流变行为多半呈现剪稀(shear-thinning)的现象，而大部分的高分子在溶液中的行为是以分子链或是硬球观点来解释，另外也有剪稠(shear-thickening)现象的高分子溶液，其流变行为则是以膨胀体观点来解释，即在高剪切力下，由於高分子团体积变大而使溶液黏度升高，这在悬伏液、乳液等常见；但也有在低剪切力下，溶液具有剪稀的行为，而在高剪切力下却成现剪稠的行为，在黏度对剪切力作图时，会呈现出一个勾形曲线的图形；流变行为的探讨可应用在涂布材料的分散技术上，以推测不同的高分子溶液对分散效果的影响。

Although the accuracy in meterological forecast of tropical cyclones has been distinctly improved, it is still a difficult problem confronting masters and anti-typhoon team leaders of the companies how to steer clear of typhoon reasonably and safely in case that the actual resistance to typhoon is strong enough, the sea area wide enough, and the time permitting ; to avoid unreasonable deviation,anchoring for shelter, blindly rushing onto her path,being involved in storm area,even into the the center of typhoon; under the limitation of the condition of the sea area and time.how to take correct meassures to escape , such as navigating with wind or windward in bias angle, slowing down, anchoring, berthing alongside the warf, mooring to buoy,etc.

传统的解决办法是，将台风中心的预报位置和本船的船位点绘在《台风位置标示图》上，研究本船与台风的相对位置以及相互间动态的发展态势，考虑各种因素的影响并留有充分余地，在小比例尺海图上用几何相对运动标绘的方法作图绘算出本船应采取的避台航向。本文所讨论的就是为迅速和较为精确地解决以上点绘和相对运动标绘的问题，在考虑了各种因素的影响并留有充分余地的情况下，在全方位范围内搜索安全航向，对本船与台风的相对位置以及两者之间的动态发展态势作出预报，并给出船长最关心的、对其作出避台决策至关重要的一组数据和直观图形，帮助使用者及早制订科学合理的避抗预案，及时果断地采取正确有效的避抗措施，解决避台决策的实际问题而设计的一个计算机标绘系统。

In this study, genetic analyses were conducted to determine the genetic basis in an elite resistant inbred line Siyi with complete resistance to maize dwarf mosaic. A new genetic model, two dominant complementary genes conditioning the resistance, were found by Mendelian genetic analysis based on parents, F1, F2 and backcrosses in three successive years' field trails. The two genes were further mapped near the centromere of chromosome 3 and 6, respectively by tightly linked microsatellite markers using 242 plants from F2 generation. The resistance gene on chromosome 3 is 1.0 cM apart from the flanking markers phi053 and umc1527, respectively. Whereas the linkage distance between two flanking markers bnlg1600 and phi075 and resistance gene on chromosome 6 was 1.0 and 4.0 cM, respectively. Genotypic analysis of the plants from testcross and F3 populations supported the new genetic manners.

课题组通过连续三年的抗病鉴定，在国内种质资源中筛选出一份综合农艺性状优良、配合力较高的自交系四一，三年的表型遗传研究和两年的分子标记工作，发现四一中的玉米矮花叶病抗性是由两对显性互补基因控制的，进而利用F2作图群体，把发现的两个基因定位在第三和第六染色体的着丝点附近，并获得了双侧紧密连锁的分子标记连锁图谱，其中第三染色体上的分子标记UMC1527和phi053从抗病基因双侧逼近1 cM，而第六染色体上的分子标记phi075、bnlg1600从抗病基因双侧分别逼近4 cM和1 cM；利用B2群体、F2：3家系、BC3F1群体和带有第三、第六染色体抗病基因以及两个抗病基因的近等基因系，进一步证实了四一中成株期抗性是由两个显性互补基因控制的。

Calculates the coordinates of the spindle and drive shaft and checking the center distance, determined department spindle must use dislodges the gear.

根据柴油机齿轮室盖的结构特点、加工部位、尺寸精度、表面粗糙度及生产率等要求，确定该机床为单工位卧式组合机床；为确保加工精度，采用&一面两销&的定位方案；为实现无级调速，安全可靠，选择液压滑台；根据零件的大小及被加工孔的位置确定主轴箱的轮廓尺寸；由加工工艺选择滚珠轴承主轴，通过计算扭矩确定主轴和传动轴的直径；齿轮的模数是通过类比法确定；齿轮齿数和中间传动轴的位置是由&计算、作图和多次试凑&相结合的办法确定；计算主轴、传动轴的坐标并进行中心距验算，确定部分轴上需采用变位齿轮；轴上的齿轮套、键等零件按轴号选取相应的标准件。

The research progress in genetic linkage map construction of forest tree species both at home and abroad were reviewed in the paper.Two main problems involved in the field were discussed.One was the limitation of the number of individuals of mapping populations and the other was the random markers mostly employed by the majority of studies.These problems have resulted in crossing combination specificity in the constructed maps and the QTLs located on the basis of the maps.As a result,the QTLs discovered up to now have low credibility and poor practicability in marker-assisted selection.

本文就目前国内外林木连锁遗传图谱领域的研究进展进行了综述，指出了该领域研究中存在的主要问题，即一方面是作图个体的数量有限，另一方面是采用的标记以随机标记为主，导致了建成的图谱以及利用图谱获得的数量性状基因位点信息具有杂交组合特异性，造成了QTLs的可信度和在林木遗传改良以及标记辅助选择中的实用性降低等现象。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。