作为货币

2209 The U.S. was the first nation to adopt an official currency named the dollar. In 1797, the Bank of England began minting "dollar" coins as bank-issued currency.

发帖： 2209 美国是第一个将官方货币命名为&元&的国家。1797年，英国银行开始铸造面值为&元&的硬币，作为银行发行的货币。

They were created in 1969 by the International Monetary Fund to use as a reserve currency as the dollar tottered.

由于美元地位的动摇，国际货币基金组织于1969年创设了特别提款权，以此作为一种储备货币。

The resistance of workers to having their wages cut in a deflation, a resistance that in the Great Depression of the 1930s produced a sharp rise in real incomes for many workers while others were on breadlines, is ascribed by Akerlof and Shiller to workers' sense of "fairness"--of their sense of entitlement to their existing wage--and to "money illusion," by which they mean the failure to distinguish between the amount of money one receives as a wage and the purchasing power of the wage.

工人们拒绝降薪。在大萧条时，这种拒绝，让许多工人的实际收入上升，而其他的人却挣扎在贫困线上。阿克洛夫和希勒，将这种现象，归结为工人的&公平感&（所谓公平感，即指主张其现有工资的权利感）和&货币幻觉&。他们用这两个词，来说明人们不能分辨&作为工资而得到的货币数量&和工资的购买力。

The resistance of workers to having theirwages cut in a deflation, a resistance that in the Great Depression of the1930s produced a sharp rise in real incomes for many workers while others wereon breadlines, is ascribed by Akerlof and Shiller to workers' sense of"fairness"--of their sense of entitlement to their existing wage--andto "money illusion," by which they mean the failure to distinguishbetween the amount of money one receives as a wage and thepurchasing power of the wage.

工人们拒绝降薪。在大萧条时，这种拒绝，让许多工人的实际收入上升，而其他的人却挣扎在贫困线上。阿克洛夫和希勒，将这种现象，归结为工人的&公平感&（所谓公平感，即指主张其现有工资的权利感）和&货币幻觉&。他们用这两个词，来说明人们不能分辨&作为工资而得到的货币数量&和工资的购买力。

No State shall enter into any Treaty, Alliance, or Confederation; grant Letters of Marque and Reprisal; coin Money; emit Bills of Credit; make any Thing but gold and silver Coin a Tender in Payment of Debts; pass any Bill of Attainder, ex post facto Law, or Law impairing the Obligation of Contracts, or grant any Title of Nobility.

各州不得缔结任何条约、结盟或组织邦联；不得对民用船只颁发捕押敌船及采取报复行动之特许证；不得铸造货币；不得发行纸币；不得指定金银币以外的物品作为偿还债务的法定货币；不得通过任何褫夺公权的法案、追溯既往的法律和损害契约义务的法律；也不得颁发任何贵族爵位。

No state shall enter into any treaty, alliance, or confederation; grant letters of marque and reprisal; coin money; emit bills of credit; make any thing but gold and silver coin a tender in payment of debts; pass any bill of attainder, ex post facto law, or law impairing the obligation of contracts, or grant any title of nobility.

各州不得缔结任何条约，结盟或组织邦联，不得对民用船舶颁发捕押敌船及采取报复行动之特许证，不得铸造货币，不得发行纸币，不得指定金银币以外的物品作为偿还债务的法定货币，不得通过任何剥夺公民权的法案，追溯既往的法律和损害契约义务的法律，也不得颁发任何贵族头衔。

Section 10. No state shall enter into any treaty, alliance, or confederation; grant letters of marque and reprisal; coin money; emit bills of credit; make anything but gold and silver coin a tender in payment of debts; pass any bill of attainder, ex post facto law, or law impairing the obligation of contracts, or grant any title of nobility.

第十款 各州不得缔结任何条约、结盟或组织邦联；不得对民用船苹颁发捕押敌船及采取报复行动之特许证；不得铸造货币；不得发行纸币；不得指定金银币以外的物品作为偿还债务的法定货币；不得通过任何褫夺公权的法案、追溯既往的法律和损害契约义务的法律；也不得颁发任何贵族爵位。

No State shall enter into any Treaty, Alliance, or Confederation; grant Letters of Marque and Reprisal; coin Money; emit Bills of Credit; make any Thing but gold and silver Coin a Tender in Payment of Debts; pass any Bill of Attainder, ex post facto Law, or Law impairing the Obligation of Contracts, or grant any Title of Nobility.

第十款 各州不得缔结任何条约、结盟或组织邦联；不得对民用船苹颁发捕押敌船及采取报复行动之特许证；不得铸造货币；不得发行纸币；不得指定金银币以外的物品作为偿还债务的法定货币；不得通过任何褫夺公权的法案、追溯既往的法律和损害契约义务的法律；也不得颁发任何贵族爵位。

Section 10- States prohibited from the exercise of certain powers.1. No state shall enter into any treaty, alliance, or confederation; grant letters of marque and reprisal; coin money; emit bills of credit; make any thing but gold and silver coin a tender in payment of debts; pass any bill of attainder, ex post facto law, or law impairing the obligation of contracts, or grant any title of nobility.

各州不得缔结任何条约、结盟或组织邦联；不得对民用船苹颁发捕押敌船及采取报复行动之特许证；不得铸造货币；不得发行纸币；不得指定金银币以外的物品作为偿还债务的法定货币；不得通过任何褫夺公权的法案、追溯既往的法律和损害契约义务的法律；也不得颁发任何贵族爵位。

No state shall enter into any treaty, alliance, or confederation; grant letters of marque and reprisal; coin money; emit bills of credit; make anything but gold and silver coin a tender in payment of debts; pass any bill of attainder, ex post facto law, or law impairing the obligation of contracts, or grant any title of nobility.

第十款 各州不得缔结任何条约、结盟或组织邦联；不得对民用船苹颁发捕押敌船及采取报复行动之特许证；不得铸造货币；不得发行纸币；不得指定金银币以外的物品作为偿还债务的法定货币；不得通过任何褫夺公权的法案、追溯既往的法律和损害契约义务的法律；也不得颁发任何贵族爵位。

Lugalbanda was a god and shepherd king of Uruk where he was worshipped for over a thousand years.

Lugalbanda 是神和被崇拜了一千年多 Uruk古埃及喜克索王朝国王。

I am coming just now,' and went on perfuming himself with Hunut, then he came and sat.

我来只是现在，'歼灭战perfuming自己与胡努特，那麼，他来到和SAT 。