作为货币

He was the first European to discover cocoa beans being used as currency, and to make a drink, as in the Aztec culture.

他是欧洲第一个发现可可豆被用来作为货币，并做出喝酒，因为在阿兹特克文化。

It is more likely that the beads were either simply fashionable throughout the region, or that they acted as currency, as cowrie shells did in some parts of Africa until historical times.

更有可能的是，在那整个时代中，珠子不是一种遍布大陆的流行，就是作为一种流通货币的角色（由于玛瑙贝在历史上曾经在非洲的一部分被作为货币使用）。

Their preparedness to do sth for me which might be to give me fiat money.

我作为货币收取的票据文件是对方的一种债务契约，是保证他们准备为我做一些事，比如要支付给我法定货币。

Their preparedne to do something for me which might be to give me fiat money.

我作为货币收取的票据文件是对方的一种债务契约，是保证他们准备为我做一些事，比如要支付给我法定货币。

For centuries, it has been used as money, legal tender, sign of social status, store of value, and as jewelry.

几个世纪以来，它已被用来作为货币，法定货币，社会地位的标志，存储的价值，以及珠宝。

Among them, the long term interest rate is chosen as the intermediary target by Keynes school, and money supply chosen by Monetarism, the interest rate chosen by horizontalism with consideration that the interest rate elasticity of the monetary demand is very high, and William Poole thinks that the choice of intermediary s targets must depend on two factors: First is which is more unstable between the actual economy and money. Second is the slope of IS and LM curve.

现将每章的主要内容分述如下：论文第一章对货币政策中介目标国内外的理论作了一个研究综述，提出理论界在选择货币政策中介目标方面的不同观点，其中国外有：凯恩斯主义认为应将长期利率作为中介目标，货币学派认为应将货币供应量作为货币政策的中介目标，普尔认为中介目标的选择必须取决于两个因素：一是实际领域和货币领域哪个部门更不稳定，二是IS和LM曲线的斜率；水平主义理论主张，在货币需求的利率弹性很高的前提下，利率也就成为货币政策的中介目标。

The author stressfully compare financial variables of possibly acting as intermediary goals: monetary supplies, market interest rate and inflation rate in terms of monetary multiplier, monetary circulating velocity, and basic money etc, which tries by comparing to that the index of monetary supplies is superior to the others in terms of measurability, controllability, and anti-disturbance.

其后在这一部分中本文结合经济与金融环境的变化，从货币乘数、货币流通速度、基础货币等几个方面，重点比较了货币供应量、市场利率和通货膨胀率等三个可供作为货币政策中介目标使用的金融变量，力图通过比较来说明，从可测性、可控性和抗干扰性等多个角度看，货币供应量优于另外两个指标。

On the basis of analyzing defects of regarding cash as money supply index,author points out the necessity of regarding total money supply M2 as conrolled key index.

本文在分析了以现金作为货币供应量指标局限性的基础上，提出了以全部货币供应量M_2作为重点控制指标的必要性。

In fact, the stock market channel of monetary policy is composed of two steps, those are how monetary policy pass to stock market and how stock market affect the real activity.

货币政策与股票市场价格的关系作为货币政策的股票市场传导机制的第一个环节至关重要，它不仅决定着整条传导渠道是否畅通，也对货币当局制定货币政策具有重要的借鉴意义。

Interest-rate rules theory, which views short-term interest rate as monetary policy instrument, reflects the new ideas and efforts of monetarists engaged in monetary policy. Two problems have to be resolved in this theory, that is,"what effects does an interest rate policy shock have on non-policy variables?"

利率规则理论是以短期利率作为货币政策工具而发展起来的一套新的理论，它体现了货币经济学家在货币政策领域内的新的尝试和努力。

Lugalbanda was a god and shepherd king of Uruk where he was worshipped for over a thousand years.

Lugalbanda 是神和被崇拜了一千年多 Uruk古埃及喜克索王朝国王。

I am coming just now,' and went on perfuming himself with Hunut, then he came and sat.

我来只是现在，'歼灭战perfuming自己与胡努特，那麼，他来到和SAT 。