作为结果

That which has a cause is of the mind, that which has an effect is of the mind; and to know the causeless, the eternal, that which is beyond time, the mind, which is the effect of time, must come to an end.

有原因的东西是来自是心智的、有结果的东西是来自心智的，而要知道那无缘无故的、永恒的、超越时间的东西，作为时间的结果的心智，必须终结。

Then it proves a necessary and sufficient condition for anamalgamation of two 3-manifolds with toms boundary with no new incompressible surfaces.Lastly, with the help of the condition and the theorem about the classification of allautomorphisms of a torus, it is proveed that there exists infinitely many 3-manifolds each ofwhich contains no incompressible surfaces besides a torus.

最后，文章给出了以环面作为边界的两个3维流形在作融合积时不产生新的不可压缩曲面的一个充分必要条件，并将这个结果与关于环面到自身的自同胚类的分类的结果相结合，证明了本文的一个核心结论，即存在无穷多个互不同胚的3维流形满足除了一个环面以外不含有其他的不可压缩曲面。

In order to study the popular curve shortening flow in the plane, Gage[3] has shown in 1983 the following inequality, if k is the signed curvature of a closed convex plane curve γ with length L and enclosing area A, then one gets Gage calls it an isoperimetric inequality in [3], but he does not show that the equality holds if and only if the curve γ is a circle, while as an isoperimetric-type inequality, one should prove this kind of result.

Gage称之为等周不等式，但他没有证明其中等号成立当且仅当，γ为圆周，而作为等周型的不等式是应该证明这种结果的，本文我们利用单位速率外法向量流，通过努力证明了这种结果，从而把Gage不等式加强成更加等周的形式。

The main resultsare as follow: It is easier to regulate environment factors in optimizing sunlight greenhouses than incommon ones, and suitable chemical type and concentration treatment for CommonCallalily are found. 100 mg/L GA_3、150 mg/L Al_2(SO_4)_3、200 mg/L8-HQC were the besttreatments, which prolonged respectively 8.6 days, 8.3 days and 8.0 days. The vase lifewere 21.12%, 18.57% and 12.68% higher than collator.

结果如下：基于前人研究结果，选择若干对延长切花保鲜寿命有显著作用的化学药剂，设计不同浓度梯度作为马蹄莲切花的预处理液，筛选最佳药剂种类及其浓度。100 mg／LGA_3、150 mg／L Al_2(SO_4)_3、200 mg／L8-HQC处理均能显著延长马蹄莲切花瓶插寿命，分别达到8.6d、8.3d和8.0d，比对照延长了21.12％、18.57％和12.68％。

The appearance of mutual fund is the result of the changing from the old shared beliefs of investment to the new one, and the derivation from financial intermedium in the condition of market failure. As financial intermedium, mutual fund and market are not only competing with each other, but also commensal.

开放式基金的出现是旧的投资方式的共有信念系统向新的投资方式的共有信念系统变迁的结果；开放式基金是在市场失灵条件下金融中介衍生的结果，作为中介，开放式基金与市场不但存在竞争关系，二者还是"共生"的。

Tibetanum were more abundant, which can be used to broaden the genetic basis of common wheat. Cluster analysis exhibited that wild emmer had a closer consanguine relationship to hexaploid wheat, as compared to Aegilops tauschi. In addition, it was found that there was a closer genetic relationship in chloroplast genome of common wheat and T. petropavlavskyi, which indicated that T. petropavlavskyi probably derived from the backcross between common wheat and Polish wheat.

结果］与普通小麦相比，斯卑尔脱小麦和西藏半野生小麦等群体内的叶绿体遗传变异更丰富，可以作为普通小麦新的细胞质遗传变异来源；与粗山羊草相比，野生二粒小麦与六倍体小麦间存在更近的亲缘关系，这与前人关于二粒小麦是六倍体细胞质供体的研究结果相印证；研究还发现，新疆稻麦与普通小麦在叶绿体基因组上具有很近的亲缘关系，为新疆稻麦是由波兰小麦与普通小麦杂交再由普通小麦回交后产生的假说提供了分子水平上的证据。

PSO is a population-based optimization algorithm, which mimics the social behavior of animals in a flock. It makes use of individual and group memory to update each particle position allowing global and local search optimization. The objective function considered was the total weight of the structure subjected to stresses, displacements and forces constraints. The effects of the parameters were investigated as well and such combination of tuning parameters promote a better global search behavior avoiding premature convergence while rapidly converging to the optimal solution. Results showed the effectiveness of the proposed method by comparing with ANSYS Design Optimization Tool (zero-order method). The PSO with the tuning parameters makes it an ideal method for offshore wind turbines foundations optimization tasks.(2) A reliability analysis method for pile foundation bearing axial loads based PSOThe performance function of pile foundation's axially bearing capacity sometimes is nonlinear and complex, on the basis of geometric meaning of structural reliability index, an optimum model with PSO for structural reliability analysis under arbitrary random variables was established, The PSO algorithm is very efficient to solve global optimization problemsIts use in structural reliability field presents not only the advantage of its facility of implementation, but also the possibility to obtain the design point and the failure probability with a good accuracy. In addition, PSO is a zero order algorithm, for no derivative is necessary for its implementation.

本文的研究针对桩式海上风机基础结构的特点，在国内外有关研究成果的基础上对海上风机基础结构优化设计理论和可靠度方法一些相关问题进行了较为深入的研究，具体做了以下几个方面的工作：(1)基于粒子群优化的桩式海上风机基础确定性优化设计方法桩式海上风机基础的优化设计是一个复杂的、非线性约束的优化问题，针对传统的基于梯度信息的优化方法在处理非线性问题中易陷入局部最优解的问题，本文将一种耦合惩罚函数的PSO算法引入到海上风机基础结构概念设计中，PSO算法是从群体动物聚集觅食这一活动中受到启发而发展的，该算法利用个体和群体的信息共享不断改进自身的位置从而进行局部和全局最优搜索，本文中以桩和三脚架连接段直径及壁厚为设计变量，以基础总重量作为优化的目标函数，在给定的约束条件下建立了三脚架基础优化数学模型，另外本文还研究了PSO参数变化对结果的影响，协调的参数组合可以避免陷入早熟收敛而能够快速的获得全局的最优解，通过与ANSYS优化模块的计算结果比较验证了该方法的有效性，本方法为海上风机基础的确定性设计提供了一条有效的途径。

As the sample of Yuanliangshan tunnel in Chongqing-Huaihua Railway, based on the full analysis of groundwater specimens, five chemical equations are designed to calculate evaluating data by the relation of activity, equilibrium constant and Gibbs free energy. According to the two criterion of partial pressure of carbon dioxide and reaction direction, the result calculated shows the groundwater has weak corrasion to carbonate rocks, which should be avoided to do harm to tunnel.

以渝怀线圆梁山隧道为实例，通过隧道内地下水取样进行了全分析，其中CO(上标 2-下标 3)离子作为"中间过渡态"离子，由于只存在微小量未被检出；使用水质分析结果数据设计了五个化学反应方程式，通过活度、反应平衡常数及吉布斯自由能之间关系进行热力学计算，依据二氧化碳气体分压P(下标 CO2)与反应进行两个方向化学反应判据开展分析，结果表明地下水具有弱侵蚀性，在隧道工程中应避免其引起危害。

The conclusion is that the path of Nanjie's institutional change is the outcome of the coevolution, say, competition, constraints, enforcement and transformation between the state and market; the coevolution have three dimensions: benefit, legitimacy and ideology; the path and outcome of institutional change in the process of coevolution are shaped by both the dual process of modernization and marketization in China's social transformation and the path dependence and cultural lag in China's incremental reform strategy: on the one hand, as historical conditions, the proceeding and logic of China's modernization constraint the state and market's institutional choices; on the other hand, under the interplay between the path dependence and cultural lag, the interaction between the state and market can produce various complex combinations, therefore various institutional landscape, even "institutional paradox".

本文认为，高度政治化、高度集体化的南街村体制是国家与市场互动演化，即国家与市场之间相互竞争、制约、强化和改变的结果；国家与市场之间的互动演化有利益、合法性和意识形态等三个维度，而互动演化所造成的制度变迁轨迹和结果则同时受中国社会转型中的现代化进程和市场化进程，以及渐进式改革中的路径依赖和文化堕距的影响：一方面，现代化进程作为一种共同的历史条件制约着国家和市场各自在互动过程中的制度选择；另一方面，在路径依赖和文化堕距的交互作用下，国家与市场之间的互动会形成多种复杂的、犬牙交错的组合，从而塑造出千姿百态的制度景象甚至"悖论"。

Deliquescent oxygen reduced with longer balance time and greater difference from standard occurred. Before balancing,deliquescent oxygen was close to saturation. The results under 20 ℃ met the standard.

结果： 以蒸馏水和纯净水作为稀释水水源，其BOD5都小于0.2 mg／L，均达到标准；平衡时间增长，当日溶解氧量趋于降低，与标准值的差值也逐渐增大，未经平衡的溶解氧量接近饱和；20 ℃时的测定结果达标。

But we don't care about Battlegrounds.

但我们并不在乎沙场中的显露。

Ah! don't mention it, the butcher's shop is a horror.

啊！不用提了。提到肉，真是糟透了。