余弦

In this paper we introduce the hyperbolic cosine function and construct the new hyperbolic cosine penalty function and algorithms, further more, we construct the new hyperbolic cosine multipier penalty function .

本文在传统形式的罚函数基础上引入双曲余弦函数做罚项，构造了新的对于一般约束优化问题的双曲余弦罚函数和求解迭代公式；进一步地，又提出了求解具有等式约束优化问题的双曲罚函数乘子法。

The relations between the center of time gravity of the ultrashort cosine-Gauss pulse and the absolute phase, the parameter of the cosine function are studied.

河北科技大学经济管理学院，石家庄 050018研究了几周期超短余弦-高斯脉冲的时间重心与绝对相位以及与余弦函数参量之间的关系。

If force was a sine or cosine law changes, was stable after the forced vibration also a sine or cosine law changes.

如果强迫力按正弦或余弦规律变化，则稳定后的受迫振动也按正弦或余弦规律变化。

To further improve frequency convener s performance,perfect phase-controlled theory and reduce voltage wave-shape s harmonic component,based on cosine interpenetration law the paper presents symmetry cosine law to better trigger points.

为了进一步改善变频器的性能，完善相控理论，减少输出电压波形的谐波成份，在余弦交截法的基础上，提出了用对称余弦法对触发点进行优化。

First of all, this paper selected a wide range of spectral response, short response time, photoelectric conversion efficiency, pn junction area of silicon photovoltaic cells, as the light meters photoelectric conversion of the probe, and it creates a separate probe light and increase to the filter and cosine amended, and separated from the fuselage, better adapted to the cosine law and improve the measurement accuracy and scope.

首先，本文选用了光谱响应范围宽，响应时间短，光电转换效率高、pn结面积大的硅光电池作为光照度计的光电转换的探头，并把它做成一个单独的光探头，并加了以v滤光器和余弦修正器，与机身分离，更加适应余弦定律，提高了测量的精度和范围。

In this paper,a design method of two dimensional Linear Phase Nearly Perfect Reconstruction filter banks based on a new class of cosine modulation systems is presented,which can be described as follow: firstly,the Parks-McClellan algorithm is adopted for designing the prototype filter,then by employing cosine modulation,a series of analysis and synthesis filters can be obtained,accordingly a one-dimensional LP-NPR filter banks can be constructed;Secondly,cascading two one-dimensional LP-NPR filter banks in the form of tree structure and using the unimodular transformation,a two dimensional nonseparable LP-NPR filter banks can be obtained.

提出了一种基于一类新余弦调制系统的二维线性相位-近似完全重构滤波器组的设计方法，设计过程分为两个步骤：首先采用Parks-McClellan算法来计原型滤波器，再经过余弦调制能到一系列的线性相位分析和综合滤波器，从而可以构造一维LP-NPR滤波器组；然后利用树状结构来结合两个一维LP-NPR滤波器组，并运用单位模变换，可以得到二维不可分离LP-NPR滤波器组。

At the same time, according to the CMM operational principle and the direction cosine of geometric elements, a thought of using direction cosine to analyze the oversize geometric tolerance reasons was proposed and its relevant example was shown, which can expand the way of quality analyses and guide to produce eligible machine parts.

同时在描述三坐标测量机工作原理和几何元素方向余弦的基础上，提出了利用方向余弦进行形位公差超差原因分析的总体思路，并辅以实例，这一办法拓宽了产品质量分析手段，有助于指导制造出合格的机械零部件。

Based on the description of three-COMERO operational principle and the direction cosine of geometric element, a thought that uses direction cosine to analyze reasons of oversize geometric tolerance is advanced and relevant example is showed, which can expand the way of analyzing quality and direct to produce an eligible machine part.

在描述三坐标测量机工作原理和几何元素方向余弦的基础上，提出了利用方向余弦进行形位公差超差原因分析的总体思路，并辅以实例，拓宽了产品质量分析手段，有助于指导制造出合格的机械零部件。

In this thesis, with the aid of the method of reconstructive direction cosine matrices of the analysis and synthesis of spatial mechanism, the more overall and systematic theoretical research is done about trident-bar universal joint and drawn some useful conclusions about kinematics analysis, dynamics analysis, kinematical precision analysis, vibration analysis, simulation and experimental results analysis, mechanism type selection analysis based method of fuzzy distinguishable pattern, integrated designing prototype system.

本文以改造的方向余弦矩阵为数学工具，以三叉式万向节为研究对象。进行了机构有关的解析求解、仿真和试验结果分析，基于模式识别技术的机构选型及机构的集成设计原型系统，得出了以下结论：(1)采用改造的方向余弦方法适用于空间机构的运动求解及动力求解。它的特点是解析明了，以矩阵方式体现，适合计算机求解。并以万向节为实例进行了万向节的详细的运动分析，建立了求解的各个变换矩阵，得出了机构的详细的运动关系。

Direction cosine analysis based on winmeil;2. According to the directioncosine formula in hexahedron tubular hea ter,the direction cosine of energy bind in inclined and symmetry tubular heater is stuided.

分析了用蒙特卡罗法计算加热炉辐射传热时能束的发射方向和行程长度，根据六面体加热炉中能束的方向余弦公式，对斜顶对称加热炉中发射能束的方向余弦进行了研究，得到了其修正公式，对斜顶壁面相交坐标进行了修正。

Neither the killing of Mr Zarqawi nor any breakthrough on the political front will stop the insurgency and the fratricidal murders in their tracks.

在对危险的南部地区访问时，他斥责什叶派民兵领导人对中央集权的挑衅行为。

In fact,I've got him on the satellite mobile right now.

实际上 我们已接通卫星可视电话了