余弦

English astronomer and mathematician who invented a surveying chain, quadrant, and scale and introduced the trigonometric terms cosine and cotangent.

冈特，埃德蒙1581－1626英国天文学家和数学家，发明了测链，象限仪和标尺，并引进了两个三角学术语，余弦和余切

We construct a family of iterative mappings, which yield cyclic windows of variant size in the dynamical plane by incorporating cosine functions and non-linear angle variables with parameters. Chaotic attractors and filled-in Julia sets in the different cyclic windows are created by establishing the coordinates of any cyclic windows and the maximal window, then clarifying the relationship of corresponding points between these cyclic windows. The respective images in different windows are continuous but with individual structures.

该算法采用余弦函数及含参的非线性角度变量构造一族使动力平面上各周期窗口的尺度变化的迭代映射；通过计算任意周期窗口和最大周期窗口得出窗口间相应点之间的非线性对应关系，并构造出各周期窗口中的混沌吸引子和充满Julia集，其图案是连续的且结构不同的；选用不同的周期窗口作为基本计算区域，使之与正方形像素矩阵对应，并构造出基本图元，实现了用一个映射构造出多个平面排列图案的算法。

Realized the document image files DIB the basic operation and discrete cosine transform. and the realization of the right image ...

文件实现了DIB图像文件的基本操作，以及离散余弦变换等，并实现了对图像的Fisher学习和分类。

By analysis of a mathematic model of aircraft magnetic field, the airplane magnetic field model was expressed by the direction cosine and its product terms.

通过分析飞机磁场数学模型，将飞机磁场表示成方向余弦与其乘积项的函数。

In this paper, a simple calculating method to establishthe interconversion between Eulerian angles and direction cosine by Spherical Trigonometry is presented.

为了从多个角度使用不同的手段研究旋转变换问题，本文提供了一种非常直观、简捷的计算方法，即利用"球面三角"的方法建立了用欧拉角与用方向余弦描述三维图形旋转变换的转换关系。

Error analysis of direct georefencing is divided into two parts: for attitude angle error, formula is determined by the error of the direction cosine matrix, for other errors, formula is determined by covariance matrix.

为了分析各误差因素对定位精度的影响，分两步建立各误差因素和定位精度的表达式，对于姿态角误差的影响，为避免欧拉角之间的耦合，按照方向余弦矩阵误差定义求取，对于其余误差的影响，采用协方差矩阵求取。

The updating algorithm of Strapdown matrix is one of the crucial techniques of SINS. There are several kinds of attitude updating algorithms of SINS, such as direction cosine algorithm and quaternion algorithm.

捷联矩阵更新算法是捷联系统的关键技术之一，捷联惯导系统姿态算法有欧拉角法、方向余弦法、四元数法和圆锥补偿算法等几种方法。

In this paper, the modeling theory of multi-rigid-body dynamics was thoroughly investigated in order to make up the shortcoming in the above modeling method. The major research achievements are as follows:①Based on the matrix of direction cosine between the body-fixed base and the reference base, and Poisson equation of a rigid body rotating, the coordinate transformation method for the modeling of treelike multi-rigid-body dynamics is derived. The method is very routinization and easy to use the computer to carry on the symbol derivation.

本文针对上述建模方法存在的不足，深入地研究了多刚体系统动力学的建模方法，并将所研究的新方法应用于惯性振动设备的建模，取得的主要研究成果如下：①基于刚体连体基关于参考基的方向余弦矩阵和刚体转动的Poisson方程，导出了建立树形多刚体系统动力学方程的坐标变换法，其过程极其程式化，便于利用计算机进行符号推导。

The information Radon coefficient wrap-around of the line on a finite field was caused by the modular arithmetic so that the Radon coefficient information in the periodic oscillations direction was processed with discrete cosine transformation, and other direction information was processed with wavelet analysis in order to reduce the wrap-around of rebuilding information. At the same time, according to the characteristic of the noise, one kind of denoising threshold selection plan was proposed.

正交有限脊波分析处理信息时，有限域平面上的直线由于模运算的存在而引起信息Radon系数的卷绕，为此，对Radon系数周期振荡方向的信息采用离散余弦变换处理，其他方向信息采用小波分析处理，以减少卷绕对信息重建影响；同时，结合图像信息中噪声的特点，提出了一种去噪浮动阈值的选取方案。

Now there have been a certain number of works on the research for thekinematic synthesis of spatial RSSR mechanism for causing the driving and driven linkscorresponding angle displacement such as the direction cosine matrix method and rotationvector method.

目前已有若于著作研究了实现主从动杆对应角位移的空间RSSR机构的运动综合问题，如方向余弦矩阵法［1］、回转向量法［2］。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。