体育的

By exploring the national minority sports courses, we can make the nationality and local characteristics more outstanding so that the students will have a better understanding of national minority sports and at the same time facilitate the development of national minority sports, make up for the inadequate sports conditions in the higher institutions, attract more students to take part in such sports and enable the students to learn more about sports and health.

通过对少数民族传统体育课程的开发与实践，使高校体育教学更加突出民族性、地方性，使学生了解民族文化，加深学生对少数民族体育真义的理解，同时对促进民族传统体育的发展起到积极的作用；它有助于弥补高校体育条件的不足，有助于吸引学生积极参加体育活动，有助于学生获得更多的体育与健康的知识和技能。

As a newborn subject, there are still many problems. This paper summarizes the contemporary research situation of the folk traditional sports, including the concept, origin, character, items classification, developing trend, adhibition and regional study in the field of the folk traditional sports.

但是目前存在的问题仍然很多，本文全面总结了当代以来民族传统体育的研究现状，分别从民族传统体育的概念、民族传统体育的起源、民族传统体育的特征、民族传统体育的项目分类、民族传统体育的发展趋势、区域性民族传统体育的研究和民族传统体育的应用性领域等七个方面进行了论述。

Ancient Greek sport thoughts form the soul of modern sport, modern British sports form the skeleton of modern sport, and American sports forms the flesh and blood of modern sport, modern society, modern economy, culture and humanity call the wakening of modernization of sport.

古希腊体育思想是今天体育的灵魂，近代英国体育形式是今天体育的骨骼，现代美国体育的产业运作是今天体育的血肉，现代社会、经济、文化和人文精神的复苏呼唤体育现代化。

The author put forward the following opinions: civilian sport refers to non-official sports activities de-veloped among the masses; it is not provided with the characteristic of being passed on and continued generation by generation, can occur in a certain period, and disappear in a certain period; folk sport refers to sports activities closely related to civilian customs, mainly existing in civilian celebrative activities, religious activities and ritual ac-tivities; it is a form of sports culture passed on and continued generation by generation, provided with the character-istics of collectivity, inheritability and mode; national sport is divided into general type and special type; general na-tional sport refers to a special culture that once historically reflected and carried common psychological capacity and culture of a nation and is enjoyed by that nation; Chinese national sport, ancient Grecian sport and ancient Egyptian sport are specific forms of presentation of national sport; special national sport refers to a sports cultural form that is exclusively owned by a nation in modern time, reflects and carries common psychological capacity and culture of that nation, and is created and enjoyed by that nation; traditional sport refers to a stable sports culture that is historically inherited and gradually formed by a nation in practical activities in a long history, embodied in all as-pects of sports cultural activities and passed on generation by generation.

摘 要：民间体育是指非官方的在民众中开展的体育活动，它不具有世代相传和延续的特点，可以在某一时期出现，又可能在某一时期消失；民俗体育是指那些与民间风俗习惯关系密切，主要存在于民间节庆活动、宗教活动、祭祀活动中，是一种世代传承和延续的体育文化形态，具有集体性、传承性和模式性特点；民族体育有广义和狭义之分，广义民族体育指曾在历史上反映和承载着一个民族共同心理素质、共同文化，为该民族享用的一种特殊文化，中华民族体育、古希腊体育、古埃及体育都是民族体育的具体表现形式，狭义民族体育是指近现代一个民族所独有的，反映并承载该民族共同心理素质、共同文化并为该民族所创造和享用的一种体育文化形态；传统体育是指由历史沿袭下来，是民族在漫长的历史实践活动中积累而成的稳定的体育文化，体现在健身、养生、娱乐思维方式、行为方式等体育文化活动的各个方面，并通过社会心理结构及其它物化媒介(如棋盘、武术器械、文献典籍等)得以世代相传。

This article in discusses the city ecology community sports concept under the frame, proposed the city ecology community sports construction should consider the material sports environment, the non- material sports environment and the inhabitant sports behavior and so on three aspects mutual functions and affect such viewpoint, in view of our country city community sports construction characteristic, proposed the city ecology community sports construction difference and the traditional community sports three property, namely "society property,, the region and the paragenesis", elaborated the city ecology community sports construction characteristic and the content, and proposed the city ecology community sports construction pattern and the different type city ecology community sports construction concrete measure.

本文在探讨城市生态社区体育概念的框架下，提出了城市生态社区体育建设应该考虑物质体育环境、非物质体育环境和居民体育活动行为等三个方面的相互作用和影响这样的观点，针对我国城市社区体育建设的特点，提出了城市生态社区体育建设区别与传统社区体育的三性，即"社群性、地域性和共生性"，阐述了城市生态社区体育的建设特点与内容，并提出了城市生态社区体育建设的模式与不同类型城市生态社区体育建设的具体措施。

This thesis also analyzed and summarized the characteristics of the goal system of school physical education in three stages.This thesis also analyzed and summarized the characteristics of the goal system of school physical education in our country. The emphasized part of the school physical education goals altered instantly. The goals of school physical education have been affected by non-educational factors such as competitive sports, subject-center theory, multi-way and multi-layer of school physical education development as well as educational reformation and educational ideas.In this thesis, the existing problems in goal system of school physical education of our country that was pointed out that: The shortage, solecism and the confused expression of theoretical school physical education researches.

我国学校体育目标体系的发展过程分"文革"前、"文革"时期和改革开放以来三个阶段，每个阶段学校体育目标体系各有特点：建国初期，学生的健康问题受到高度重视，增强体质被当作政治任务来要求；"文革"中，学校体育目标被极端政治化；改革开放以来，"增强学生体质"被当作学校体育的首要任务和评价标准，学校体育目标体系逐渐有了层次性区分，内容空洞的现象有所改善，学校体育目标体系的视角拓宽，学生个人需要受到重视，逐渐突出健康目标，重视测试与评估，与此同时，学校体育也受到了竞技体育发展的强烈影响。

The result studying is indicated: Develop the approach making use of tradition home village sports resource to be that improving rural area middle and primary school sports educational quality\\\s is effective actively , be also to improve important rural area middle and primary school sports quality of teaching act; Need to deepen the reform of sports of rural area middle and primary school course , ought to lead into more tradition sports projects entering rural area middle and primary school; Build the tradition sports resource warehouse; Strengthen directing on tradition sports propagating, atmosphere building campus tradition sports culture actively; Bring due tradition sports resource advantage into play, elasticity and local characteristic embodying rural area sports; Embody tradition sports culture knowledge moves the technical ability Smriti , the tradition sports ability , emotion and cultivate and fine outlook on values psychological traits cultivate; Embody the healthy actual effect and student movement interest looking at and appraising an unification.

研究结果表明：积极开发利用传统乡土体育资源是提高农村中小学体育教育质量的有效途径，也是提高农村中小学体育教学质量的重要举措；要深化农村中小学的体育课程改革，应该引入更多的传统体育项目进入农村中小学；建立传统体育资源库；加大对传统体育的宣传力度，积极营造校园传统体育文化氛围；发挥传统体育资源应有的优势，体现农村体育的弹性和地方特色；体现传统体育文化知识运动技能的传承，传统体育能力、情感及价值观的培养和良好心理品质培养；体现健康的实效性与学生运动兴趣相统一。

Although the birth and development of sports have had a distinct nationality ,Green sports has possesseda universalcharacteristics,which just is the conjunction pointof spor ts spirits between the East and the West,as well asthedire tion and the end-result of the spirit s in both hemispheres.

体育职业化、商业化快速发展，在更大的时空中创造着三大和谐的时代文明；但商业化发展的负面效应致使兴奋剂、体育暴力、假体育构成绿色体育的潜在危机，生态危机也构成绿色体育的威胁。因此，东西方应强化体育的教育思想，协调统一对策，共同治理公害，以保证体育的可持续性发展，构建绿色体育的文明。

In order to intensify the research work of the folk traditional sports, we should put into the practice in the following aspects: Firstly, quickening the research of its subject systems, embodying characteristic of time, totally programming, sticking out its feature, complementary, and expanding applications; Secondly, strengthening the research, bringing its items in dividing into four parts: fossil type, origin type, developing type, les-matured type, and fully-matured type, and build up the museum of the folk and traditional physical culture, new items and international "popular sports"; Thirdly, reinforcing the building of the cultivating systems of professionals in the field of the folk traditional sports; Once more, intensifying the applying research in combining the folk traditional sports with school education; Fifthly, the applying research that makes the folk traditional sports be one of the most efficient means for "sports for all" in China; Finally, research about the folk traditional sports and athleticism, which makes use of various games to promote the industrialization and socialization of the folk traditional sports.

为了进一步地加强我国的民族传统体育研究，应该从以下几个方面来实施：一是加快民族传统体育学学科体系的研究，体现出时代性、整体规划性、突出特色、注意互补性和拓展应用性；二是加大民族传统体育项目的研究力度，提出将民族传统体育的项目分为：化石型、原始型、发育期型、较成熟型和成熟型，建立民族传统体育文化博物馆、民族特色项目和创立国际&名牌&；三是加强民族传统体育专业人才培养体系的研究；四是强化民族传统体育与学校教育相结合的应用性研究；五是民族传统体育成为全民健身有效手段之一的应用研究；六是民族传统体育与运动竞赛的研究，利用各种运动会的形式促进民族传统体育的产业化和社会化。

Value is that human being exercises the what be run after basic target, the value having no equal to fetches various activities carried out by people face, many ways need living and developing since sports is able to satisfy human society, What it displays is that the sports small side door teleonomy and organic agreeing well with regularity ask ask us for help on kind basis combining with being real in the demand.

在体育的领域里，有着大量的价值问题，从价值构成方面看，有体育的价值认识问题、体育的价值评价问题、体育的价值观念问题、体育的代价问题、体育与人的价值实现问题和体育的价值创造问题等等；从价值的类别看，则有体育的文化价值、体育的政治价值、体育的经济价值和体育的精神价值等等；而从体育的构成看，还有运动健身的价值，体育教育的价值及竞技体育的价值等等问题。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。