体育学校

Traditional sports teaching method,already could not adapt the new times sports curriculum to reform; this article means which through the literature law, the questionnaire investigation law, the cut-and-try method unifies, carries on the comparison to the traditional each sports teaching method, discovered the sports competition teaching method can adapt the new times student sports demand; the competition teaching method is unifies the traditional teaching method in the foundation one new teaching method, proved through the experiment, its teaching effect is good.

一些传统的体育教学思想、教学理念、教学方法、教学模式已经不能够适应现代教学的需要，在此过程中，为提高教学质量，就必须对教学方法进行改革。作为体育教学，如何进一步转变体育教育思想，深化体育教学改革，摆脱旧的传统的教学体系、思想体系和理论模式，逐步形成一个新型的，具有中国特色的教学过程和教材体系，使我国体育教学面向未来社会的需要，跟上21世纪学校体育发展的需要，是本文探讨和研究的问题。

Problems identified include: school contracts with soft drink companies (83 per cent of high schools have such contracts); a fall-off in physical education during high school, and lack of resources for sport in schools serving lower socio-economic areas; availability of junk foods in schools; lower-income neighbourhoods where fast-food outlets and convenience stores are easier to find than supermarkets with affordable fresh food.

已经发现的问题包括：学校和软饮料公司签订了合同(83%的高中学校签有这种协议)；高中期间体育减少，而且贫穷社会经济区域的学校缺少体育资源；学校里供应垃圾食品；在低收收社区，更容易找到快餐商店和便利店而不是提供能够买得起的新鲜食物的超市。

As the school edition important constituent, the school sports teaching can display the positive function teaching in the realization education for all-around development is the school sports center link, also is the school sports reform key point and the difficulty.

作为学校教育的重要组成部分，学校体育教学在实现素质教育中能够发挥积极的作用教学是学校体育的中心环节，也是学校体育改革的重点和难点。

From the viewpoint of systematology and connected with the achievements of research work both at home and abroard, an analysis is conducted here on the structure, the methodology and the practice in management of school physical edacation in the hope of a higher teaching level.

学校体育的多维度和多因素已形成了一个复杂的系统工作。但是，对学校体育的优化管理结构、管理思想和管理方法等方面的研究甚微。因此，对学校体育系统中人、财、物、时间等要素之间的关系，管理

To achieve this great vitalization, teachers of 21st century shoulder an important task.. At the turning of last century, the Ministry of National Education and the Chief Bureau of National Physical Education praised advanced individuals who had made contributions in the field of hygiene and physical education at schools in the past two decades, and selected 495 outstanding workers all over the country. In 2000, the Ministry of National Education chose 320 outstanding PE teachers at the primary and secondary schools as the national skeleton teachers to attend the National Training Program for the Teachers at Primary and Secondary Schools.

要实现中华民族的伟大复兴，21世纪的教师重任在肩，责无旁贷。1999年，国家教育部和国家体育总局对20年来在学校体育卫生工作领域中做出突出贡献的先进个人进行了表彰，在全国范围内评选出495名"全国学校体育卫生工作先进个人"。2000年，国家教育部又在全国中小学体育教师中选拔出320名优秀体育教师作为国家级骨干教师参加"跨世纪园丁工程中小学骨干教师国家级培训"。

The fourth, directed against the concrete conditions of three metropolises in our country in the present stage, we propose: [1] Recommend the sports view of quality": In the idea , we should change "strengthen health opinion" to "strengthen health-promote qualityopinion; [2] Pay attention to the transformation of the need motive: From the start with meeting the participant's inside motive and need, adopting different methods to the person of different demand levels, making the outside regulating activities which influence people to participate in the sports activities turn into the inside motive; [3] Upgrade the idea of sports of the school: According to the development in era, the existing sports ideas should be changed, and be carried on overall, systematic coordinated reform; [4] Orient the value of worker's sports again: Worker's sports is the investment of the social manpower capital, it is the main part of the corporate culture and enterprising spirit, it is not merely the worker's welfare , it is the welfare of the enterprise; [5] The society which develops masses' sports collects a group of quality : Interdynamic mass's sports is one of the important reasons why people insist on doing exercises.

第四，针对现阶段我国三大都市的具体情况，我们提出：（1）提倡"素质"体育观：在观念认识上，要把现行的"强身观"向"强身一提升素质"体育观念转变；（2）注重需要动机的转换：从适应参与者的内部动机和需要入手，对不同需求层次的人采用不同的方式方法，使影响人们参与体育活动的外部调节转化为内部动机；（3）更新学校体育的观念：根据时代的发展，改变现有的体育观念，进行全面的、系统的配套改革：（4）重新定位职工体育的价值：职工体育是社会人力资本的投资，是企业文化和企业精神的主要组成部分，它不仅是职工的福利，更是企业的福利；（5）开发群众体育的社会集群性：群体互动是人们坚持锻炼的重要原因之一。

In November 2000, the educationdepartment published the new release "the outline of physical and health teaching", whichconcludes Soft Volleyball is the important content of the elementary school and the middleschool teaching. It makes over a hundred million students know and study Soft Volleyball inclass. This article adopts investigable methods, such as literature, expert accessing,questionnaire, statistic, logic analysis etc.

软式排球运动符合学校体育实施健康第一、以学生为本、全员参与的教改方向，满足社会各界、各团体开展大众化的群众体育竞技比赛的要求，已成为学校素质教育及全民健身的重要内容和手段。2000年11月，教育部颁布了新修订的《体育与健康教学大纲》把软式排球列为中小学体育教学的重要内容，使全国数十万所学校的上亿在校生能在课堂上了解、学习软式排球运动。

In PE teaching reform one sidedness and simplification to understand physical education and sport should be prevented so as not to influence the realization of the whole function of school physical education.

学校体育教学内容的结构以及学校体育工作者对其把握的程度，是能否实现学校体育整体功能的关键。

The keypoint of the plan in factis post-school sports.

全民健身计划的重点是学校后体育（国外称大众体育，我国称群众体育），从宏观看，高校处于学校走向社会的转折点。

In order to intensify the research work of the folk traditional sports, we should put into the practice in the following aspects: Firstly, quickening the research of its subject systems, embodying characteristic of time, totally programming, sticking out its feature, complementary, and expanding applications; Secondly, strengthening the research, bringing its items in dividing into four parts: fossil type, origin type, developing type, les-matured type, and fully-matured type, and build up the museum of the folk and traditional physical culture, new items and international "popular sports"; Thirdly, reinforcing the building of the cultivating systems of professionals in the field of the folk traditional sports; Once more, intensifying the applying research in combining the folk traditional sports with school education; Fifthly, the applying research that makes the folk traditional sports be one of the most efficient means for "sports for all" in China; Finally, research about the folk traditional sports and athleticism, which makes use of various games to promote the industrialization and socialization of the folk traditional sports.

为了进一步地加强我国的民族传统体育研究，应该从以下几个方面来实施：一是加快民族传统体育学学科体系的研究，体现出时代性、整体规划性、突出特色、注意互补性和拓展应用性；二是加大民族传统体育项目的研究力度，提出将民族传统体育的项目分为：化石型、原始型、发育期型、较成熟型和成熟型，建立民族传统体育文化博物馆、民族特色项目和创立国际&名牌&；三是加强民族传统体育专业人才培养体系的研究；四是强化民族传统体育与学校教育相结合的应用性研究；五是民族传统体育成为全民健身有效手段之一的应用研究；六是民族传统体育与运动竞赛的研究，利用各种运动会的形式促进民族传统体育的产业化和社会化。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。