体细胞原生质

Influences of basic media,protoplast density,and ABA concentration on somatic embryogenesis of loblolly pine were studied.

研究了基本培养基、原生质体密度和ABA浓度对火炬松(Pinus taeda L。)悬浮细胞原生质体体细胞胚胎发生的影响。

Protease treatment of the plasma membranes could abolish the binding but NaIO_4 and glycosidase could not, indicating that nsLTP144 bound to plasma membranes protein without carbohydrate moiety. Using the homobifunctional cross-linking regent bissuberate (BS~3) and rice plasma membranes incubated with ~(125)I-Trx-nsLTP144, we identified, after SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and autoradiography, a putative protein receptor on the rice plasma membranes with the molecular mass around 60 kDa. NsLTP144 can not trigger extracelluar alkalization in arabidopsis, but can abolish the extracellular alkalization effect of phytopathogen elicitor cryptogein, suggesting that cryptogein and nsLTP144 may bind to the same membrane protein. In vitro pull-down assay showed that nsLTP144 interacted with OsCaM1, a possible extracellular calmodulin, implying that nsLTP144 and OsCaM1 could function in the same signal transduction pathway. These results shed light on revealing the roles of nsLTP in vivo and make it promising to finally characterize the plasma membranes receptor of nsLTP.

发现~(125)I-Trx-nsLTP144、~(125)I-Trx-nsLTP110与水稻细胞质膜均具有特异性结合，而且结合是饱和性的、可被竞争的，符合配体-受体结合的典型特征，同时用于对照实验的蛋白质~(125)I-Thioredoxin没有此特性，表明水稻细胞质膜上存在nsLTP的受体；利用可氧化糖基的NaIO_4和水解糖基的N\'-糖苷酶F处理水稻细胞质膜，再进行结合实验，结合活性几乎不受影响；而利用胰蛋白酶处理细胞膜则使得结合能力几乎完全丧失，表明其受体为没有经过糖基化修饰的蛋白质；利用交联剂BS~3交联配体一受体后，再进行SDS-PAGE分离和放射自显影，结果显示水稻细胞质膜上的nsLTP受体中有一个60kDa的蛋白质可以与nsLTP144发生特异性的结合，可能是其受体；细胞外碱化实验表明，nsLTP144不能促使拟南芥原生质体细胞培养液的细胞外碱化反应，却能猝灭来自植物病原菌的激发子Cryptogein刺激拟南芥原生质体产生的细胞外碱化反应，表明nsLTP和Cryptogein结合细胞膜上相同的位点，保护了植物细胞免受Cryptogein导致的细胞程序性死亡，并诱导系统获得性抗性的产生；体外Pull-down实验表明，nsLTP144和水稻的OsCaM1具有相互作用，暗示了nsLTP144和OsCaM1可能同在一个信号通路上起作用。

And the optimum protoplast density and ABA concentration for somatic embryogenesis are 7×104/mL and 4 mg/L,respectively.

体细胞胚胎发生所需的最适原生质体密度和ABA浓度分别是7×104 个/mL和4 mg/L。

The results show that DCR medium is in favor of the formation of somatic embryos from protoplasts.

结果表明，DCR基本培养基最有利于原生质体的体细胞胚胎发生。

At the same time, the information of flax biotechnology of anther culture, haploid breeding, utilization of somatic mutation, protoplasmic culture, gene transformation were introduced in detail.

从亚麻花药培养、单倍体育种、体细胞无性系突变体的利用、原生质体培养、转基因技术的研究等方面详细地介绍了我国亚麻生物技术的发展状况。

On the basis of protoplast culture, we performed protoplast fusion between Astragalus melilotoides Pall, and Zygophyllum xanthoxylum Maxim using a modified PEG high-pH, high-Ca2 method. The protoplasts of A. melilotoides were pretreated with Rhodamine-6G and those of Z.

在成功培养原生质体的基础上，用改进的PEG-高pH高钙法诱导草木樨状黄芪和木本霸王原生质体融合，得到了科间体细胞杂种融合细胞。

Using Zhongshuang4 as a recurrent parent to pollinate the male sterile plants, the ratio of male sterile plants increased with the number of backcrosses.

利用原生质体融合技，获得了甘蓝型油菜品种中双4号与新疆野生油菜野油18的对称性体细胞杂种。

The course mainly introduces basic principles and methods of experimental techniques of cell engineering, which includesmedia preparation, sterilization and aseptic technique, virus-free seedling production, plant rapid propagation, immature embryo culture, pollen and anther culture, cell culture, protoplast culture, somatic hybridization, plant transformation, and so on. The contents of this course follow the from easy

该课程主要介绍细胞工程特别是植物细胞工程的基本实验技术及其原理与方法，包括：培养基配制、灭菌及无菌操作技术、无病毒苗培育、植物快速繁殖、幼胚培养、花药及花粉培养、细胞培养、原生质体培养、体细胞杂交及植物遗传转化等。

The Plant tissue raise is the plant sterile culture technology, has the totipotency theory according to the vegetable cell, the use plant body exsomatize organ (for example root, stem, leaf, stem point, flower, fruit and so on), the organization (for example cambium, epidermis, cerebral cortex, marrow department cell, endosperm and so on) or the cell (for example big spore, small spore, somatic cell and so on) as well as the protoplast, in aseptic and suitable artificial culture medium and illumination, temperature and so on under artificial condition, can induce injuries the organization, not to decide the bud, the adventitious root, finally forms the complete adult plant the discipline.

植物组织培养即植物无菌培养技术，是根据植物细胞具有全能性的理论，利用植物体离体的器官(如根、茎、叶、茎尖、花、果实等)、组织（如形成层、表皮、皮层、髓部细胞、胚乳等）或细胞（如大孢子、小孢子、体细胞等）以及原生质体，在无菌和适宜的人工培养基及光照、温度等人工条件下，能诱导出愈伤组织、不定芽、不定根，最后形成完整的植株的学科。

In the negative and interrogative forms, of course, this is identical to the non-emphatic forms.

。但是，在否定句或疑问句里，这种带有"do"的方法表达的效果却没有什么强调的意思。

Go down on one's knees;kneel down

屈膝跪下。。。下跪祈祷