体积积分

This paper will base on the bilayer-coupling model phase diagram, under bilayer-coupling model, through building a few initial shapes which are close to the target shapes, with the constraint condition of the area A, the volume V, and the average curvature integral M and using reduced quantity, finally some budding and the multi-budding vesicles will be obtained through Surface Evolver software gradually subdividing and long time evolution.

本文从双层模型的相图出发，在双层模型下，通过建立一些与目标形状相近似的初始形状，在面积A，体积V和平均曲率的积分M的约束条件和使用约化量的情况下，经Surface Evolver软件的逐次细分并长时间演化，得到了一些budding和multi-budding型的生物膜泡形状。

A third order ENO finite volume method for hyperbolic conservation laws on unstructured triangular mesh is introduced.In order to obtain the third order accuracy on spatial discretization,a weighted quadratic interpolation is constructed on every triangular mesh.Two point Gauss quadrature formula is also used on each edge of every triangular mesh and the third order TVD Runge-Kutta method is used for time discretization.The numerical order of convergence and the numerical result of a mesh 3 wind tunnel with one step are given.

摘 要 基于双曲型守恒律方程，对非结构三角形网格给出了一种ENO(Essentially Nonoscillatory Scheme)型有限体积格式，方法的主要思想是先对每一个三角形单元构造一个加权的二次插值多项式，而在计算交界面的流通量时采用了两点高斯积分公式以保证格式的整体精度，时间离散采用三阶TVD Runge-Kutta方法。

So we need consider the effects of the earth curvature. In global integration, the requirement of the data coverage and the computation are comparative high. In this thesis, a moving coordinate system is used to overcome the effects of the earth curvature. And a differential calculation concept is proposed that assumes the difference of geoid calculated between the central point and its marginal point is constant when the integration area is far away from the central point.

论文中提出了利用柱体积分时采用移动坐标系来顾及地球弯曲的影响，并利用差分的概念，设想离计算区域到一定距离后，流动点对计算区域内的中心点和边缘点的影响之差为一常数，并用试验的方法，统计分析了它们对大地水准面的有效积分拓展范围。

In specific applications expression : in compressed natural language describes various examples of the basic algorithm, using MATLAB as a programming language, a series of the combined limit, the bonus points will be combined, one graphics area and the length of the horizontal curve equations, and curve tangent process, the rotary body size and shape combined several process issues.

在具体应用中的体现：以简练的自然语言描述了各实例的基本算法，运用MATLAB作为编程语言，实现了数列极限的求解、定积分的求解、平面图形面积及平面曲线长度的求解、求曲线切线的过程、旋转体体积的求解及其形成过程等几个问题。

Calculated using the Monte Carlo method and size of the integration of Matlab code for beginners.

使用蒙特卡罗方法计算积分和体积的Matlab代码，适合初学者。

Considering that body forces and surface forces were both non-conservative force, the quasi-Hamilton principle and the quasi-complementary Hamilton principle of non-conservative elasto-dynamics systems were established.

按照广义力和广义位移之间的对应关系，将弹性动力学的基本方程乘上相应的虚量，然后积分，代数相加，并考虑到体积力和面积力均为非保守力，建立了非保守弹性动力学系统的拟Hamilton原理和拟余Hamilton原理。

Experiment 5: Different air fluxs are made by small animal ventilator and pipette.

实验4：用小动物呼吸机以不同容量在不同频率下向体积描记箱内通气，以观察空气在其中流动的速度快慢是否对压力变化积分有作用。

In the procedure of researching and developing project, brings forward the method of fast establishing new project based on template file; develops the module used for forecasting movement and deformation of multiple random-shape faces according to probability integral principle; according to the traits of forecasted data, puts forward a new algorithm of drawing isoclines in Maplnfo environment; designs the new algorithm of drawing section plane and the new calculation of area and volume of subsided section based on isoclines; at the same time, gives the rale of classifying mine surface damage under GIS environment on the basis of GIS uncertainty theory.

在课题的研制过程中，提出了以模板文件形式快速建立新项目的方法；运用概率积分法编写了任意形状多工作面开采沉陷地表移动与变形预计模块；根据预计数据的特点，基于MapInfo设计了等值线新的绘制算法；基于等值线设计了新的剖面图绘制算法和塌陷区面积、体积的计算方法；并结合GIS不确定性理论提出了GIS图形环境下矿区地表塌陷破坏等级划分准则。

The system adopt the method of fast establishing new project based on template file; to forecast the ground movement and deformation of multiple random-shape faces according to probability integral principle, designs the new algorithm of drawing section plane and the new calculation of area and volume of subsided section based on isoclines, at the same time, gives the rule of classifying mine surface damage under GIS environment on the basis of GIS uncertainty theory.

由于开采沉陷过程具有时空特性，本文基于Mapinfo6.5开发了矿区地表变形预测与可视化系统（Mine Surface Deformation Forecasting and Visualization System，简称MSDFVS）系统采用以模板文件形式快速建立新项目的方法，运用概率积分法进行任意形状多工作面开采沉陷地表移动与变形预计，基于等值线设计了新的剖面图绘制算法和塌陷区面积、体积的计算方法，并结合GIS不确定性理论提出了GIS图形环境下矿区地表塌陷破坏等级划分准则。

The calculation of the rotordynamic coefficients of a multistepped annular seal in hydraulic turbines is discussed in this paper. Based on the Hirs' turbulence lubrication theory and the bulk flow model, the governing equations for the flow in the seal are developed by using the Moody's friction equations. The governing equations are perturbed when the rotor and the stator are coaxial. The Runge Kutta integration method and the Newton Raphson iteration method are used to solve the perturbation equations....

本文首先在Hirs紊流润滑理论的基础上，采用体积流动模型及Moody摩擦方程建立起阶梯口环水封中流体流动的控制方程，将各个方程在转子与定子同心处进行摄动，采用Runge－Kuta积分法及迭代过程求解摄动方程，建立起水轮机阶梯式口环水封的转子动力特性系数的计算方法，为水轮发电机组轴系的动力学分析提供了必要的理论基础。

With Death guitarist Schuldiner adopting vocal duties, the band made a major impact on the scene.

随着死亡的吉他手Schuldiner接受主唱的职务，乐队在现实中树立了重要的影响。

But he could still end up breakfasting on Swiss-government issue muesli because all six are accused of nicking around 45 million pounds they should have paid to FIFA.

不过他最后仍有可能沦为瑞士政府&议事餐桌&上的一道早餐，因为这所有六个人都被指控把本应支付给国际足联的大约4500万英镑骗了个精光。