体

Mathematical analysis predicts that constant rate shedding of autocrine ligands into a collapsing lateral intercellular space leads to increased local ligand concentrations that are sufficient to account for the observed receptor signalling; direct experimental comparison of signalling stimulated by compressive stress versus exogenous soluble ligand supports this prediction.

数学分析预测自分泌配体以常数频率脱落入萎陷的侧面胞间隙可以引起足以解释观察到的信号转导的局部配体浓度增加；直接实验比较由压力和外源可溶性配体刺激产生的信号转导也支持这个预测。

On the basis of Raman and FTIR spectra research on melt structure and water solubility mechanism in albite glasses, we can make the following conclusions:(1) Higher pressure (1bar-2. 0GPa) can lead to below frequency region (50-650cm〓) shift to higher frequency and become narrower, and result in high frequency region (850-1300cm〓) move to lower wave number and become narrower at the same time. These are consistent with the decrease of average T-O-T angle and distribution scope of bond angles (0). In addition, the intensity of 580cm〓 band decrease with increase of pressure and the changes are obvious while pressure is in the range of 0.8-1. 0GPa. And these result from the"collapse"of the planar three membered -containing rings within the glass structure.

通过对高温高压下钠长石熔体结构及水在钠长石熔体中溶解机制的Raman和FTIR光谱实验研究，可以得出以下结论：(1)随着压力升高(1bar-2.0GPa)NaAlSi〓O〓熔体玻璃Raman光谱的低频区(50-650cm〓)不断变窄并向高频方向移动，同时高频区(850-1300cm〓)不断变窄且向低频区方向移动，这表明随着压力升高T-O-T键角不断减小，并且分布范围变窄，T-O-T键角这种变化从而可使T-O键的力常数减小，导致键强减弱；另外，580cm〓谱峰强度随着压力升高不断减弱，并在0.8-1.0GPa时最为显著，这是由于在0.8-1.0GPa时包含的平面三元环结构的"垮塌"造成的。

RESULTS: Of 49 affected vertebras in 33 cases, 43 were one-off successful, and 5 cases died of tumor metabasis. Finally, 43 vertebras were included in final analysis.

结果： 33例49个椎体中有43个椎体经皮球囊后凸椎体成形均一次成功。5例因肿瘤全身转移死亡。43个锥体进入结果分析。

This implies that the atomic near neighbour distance of metallic bond solid solution is the closet to VCA model among the three solid solutions, although the vegard's law are not followed.

离子键固溶体中第一近邻距随成分的变化量只有近邻距Vegard定律变化量的40％左右，而共价键固溶体只有20％左右，金属键固溶体的变化量最大，一般都在50％以上，甚至高达80％左右。

This project studies the scale-dependent deformation behavior of the metal matrix composite, the void nucleation and void growth mechanisms at the micron/submicron scale. The main results are:(1) In prophase, growth and coalescence of the void embedded in the graded matrix are analyzed in detailed;(2) Based on the infinite solid model containing a micro-void, coupling effects of the void shape and the void size on the void growth are studied carefully, the results show that it seems to exist a critical equivalent void radius, which is associated with the material length. When radius of a microvoid is close to or smaller than the critical void radius, the micro-void growth rate is essentially eliminated;(3) The coupling effects of the particle shape and size on the mesoscopic stress fields within the particle and matrix are also investigated by introducing the conception of inclusion/matrix interfacial energy. The results show that the stress concentration factors within the particle and on the matrix/particle interface are also strongly size-dependent,so the void nucleation mechanism is size-dependent.(4) By employing a specific orthogonal curve coordinate frame and a 'kernel function' conception, a 'unified method'solving the spheriodal and spherical void problems is suggested; by this unified method, size-dependent plastic potentials of the porous materials containing the spheriodal or spherical voids are obtained, which extend the traditional Gurson model for the spherical void and GLD model for the spheriodal voids to the micron scale.(5) Based on the RVE model containing the spheriodal or spherical particles, the influences of the particle shape and size on the size-dependent mechanical behavior of metal matrix composite are studied.

中文摘要：本项目对金属基复合材料在微细观尺度下的尺度相关变形行为、孔洞形核及长大的机理和模型进行了研究，取得了如下主要结果：1）在前期研究中，探讨了基体的梯度分布对孔洞长大和聚合的影响；2）基于含孔洞的无限大体模型，探讨了孔洞形状和孔洞尺寸对其长大的耦合作用，结果表明：可能存在一个与材料特征长度相关的临界孔洞尺寸，当椭球孔洞的等效半径小于临界孔洞半径时，孔洞的长大受到明显抑制；3）通过引入基体/夹杂界面能的概念，分析了夹杂尺寸、夹杂形状对材料细观应力场的耦合影响，结果表明：颗粒内部和界面上的应力集中因子强烈地依赖于夹杂的尺寸和形状，因此，孔洞的形核机理是尺寸相关的；4）采用一种特殊的正交曲线坐标系和引入"核函数"的概念，"统一"地得到了含椭球和球形孔洞的材料的尺寸相关塑性势，它将传统的Gurson球形孔洞模型和GLD椭球孔洞模型推广到微尺度范围；5）基于含椭球和球形夹杂的体胞模型，初步研究了夹杂形状、夹杂尺寸对金属基复合材料尺寸相关力学行为的影响。

Marine Micropaleontology is an international journal publishing results of research in all fields of marine micropaleontology of the ocean basins and continents, including paleoceanography, evolution, ecology and paleoecology, biology and paleobiology, biochronology, paleoclimatology, taphonomy, and the systematic relationships of higher taxa.

这是《海洋微体古生物学》国际性期刊的网站，该期刊内容是有关海洋盆地和大陆的微体古生物学研究成果。包括古海洋地理，进化，生态，微体古生物学，海洋古生物学，生物学，古生物学，生物年代学，古气候学，生物埋葬学，系统发生关系。

In addition, sterility loosening is also affected by biological factors of prosthetic materials and their wear particles except prosthetic design, surgical technique, and prosthetic microphonics.

人工关节无菌性松动的原因除了假体设计、手术技术、假体微动等力学因素外，还存在假体材料及其产生的磨损颗粒等生物学因素。

The weight and protein content of the microsomes from different evolutionary animal and tissue cells were first determined, and the weight of microsome varies obviously and the protein content of microsome in unit is almost the same.

本文还首次系统比较了不同组织细胞和不同进化程度动物细胞的微粒体获得率及蛋白含量，得到了不同细胞微粒体获得率明显不同、单位重量微粒体蛋白含量却基本相同的结果，表明不同细胞ER含量不同，而单位ER内蛋白含量基本相同。

The misdivision ofunivalents that resulted in the formation of telocentrics,iso-chromosomes and translocated chromosomes was the mainvariation pattern of chromosome structure.

单价体错分裂导致端体，等臂染色体和易位染色体的形成，是染色体结构变异的主要方式，离体培养诱发染色体缺失，是染色体结构变异的有效补充手段，从而成为有目的，有计划的向小麦导入外源有用基因的有效途径。

At the first time, the study of misdivision pattern of homoeologous group 5monosomic univerlants from North Chinese common wheat was conducted. The results indicated that there were 37 orietation patterns in 27cobinations including nine cultivars and three chromosomes . According to analysis of 37 orientation patterns, four misdivision patterns were discovered.

介过去的有关痔通小麦〔T.emL.lit Jt＄数分裂单体单价体错分裂的研究中，大多集中在错分裂频率及单双极分丸，而X、1上错分裂方式的研究则很小，几乎是一个被忽砚的问题'"''、1％6年R.M.rsk曾把普通小麦羊体单价体的错分裂归结为两纨包括一条染色单体的错分裂及包括两条染色单体的错分裂"。

As she looked at Warrington's manly face, and dark, melancholy eyes, she had settled in her mind that he must have been the victim of an unhappy attachment.

每逢看到沃林顿那刚毅的脸，那乌黑、忧郁的眼睛，她便会相信，他一定作过不幸的爱情的受害者。

Maybe they'll disappear into a pothole.

也许他们将在壶穴里消失