体

In the investigation of Cu-Zn-Al SMA, the influence of quenching speed, shape memory thermal treatment on SME, microstructure and morphologies was discussed. The changes in morphology and interfaces were in situ metallographic observed during thermal cyclings in order to control the degradation of two way shape memory effect . The stabilization of stress induced martensite variants method and the accordingly changes in microstructure were studied in detail. The mechanism was also compared between SSIM and TWME training method. From the above in situ observation results, the interface structure and especially the twin related A: B type variant pair were examined by HREM to clarify the role of movability of interfaces and the changes in variants orientation in inducing the degradation of the TWME. During developing the Ni-Ti-Hf SMA melt spinning ribbon, it was found the morphology and structure embodied the SME and was directly effected by chemical composition and technique factors, such as the different content of Hf, the speed of copper roller rotation and etc. Therefore, the morphology and structure were extensively examined.

在对Cu-Zn-Al形状记忆合金研究中，研究了提高记忆效应的热处理淬火速度、记忆热处理方式对Cu-Zn-Al形状记忆合金组织结构的影响；为了弄清双程记忆效应衰减的原因，原位动态观察了热循环过程中，合金组织形貌及界面的变化；因形状记忆合金必须经记忆训练才能具有双程记忆效应，系统地研究了应力诱发马氏体稳定化训练方法和这种方法引起的双程记忆合金组织结构的变化，比较了它与双程记忆效应训练方法诱发TWME机制的异同；因在原位动态观察中发现界面可动性及两侧变体取向的变化，伴随着记忆效应的衰减，用HREM详细研究了变体的界面结构，特别是A：B型变体界面结构及变体内部结构。

Specimens were examined by histological method to determine the cycle of the gonad development of this nemertean. The results showed that: The sex ratio (female: male) was about 1: 1. The sizes of mature males and females were not significantly different; females are rosy in colour and males are white, largely owing to the metamerically arranged gonads. Gonads, which were not detected in samples of autumn months, arose in December, but sexes were indistinguishable until middle January.

结果表明：扁额原细首纽虫雌雄比例约为1：1；雌雄体长、体重无显著差异；性成熟雌体通常体壁呈玫瑰红色，雄体呈白色，非繁殖季节雌雄体色无明显差异；一年有两次性腺发育，第一次12月开始出现性腺，1月可辨雌雄，3月15日达到第一次性腺发育高峰，4月15日性腺消失；第二次于4～5月开始出现性腺，6月15～30日达到高峰，9～10月性腺消失。

Mitochondria was relatively little in size. Round primary lysosome with high electron-densed granules and secondary lysosome with high or low electron-densed granules were seen frequently. DCs contained many rough endoplasmic reticulum, the Golgi apparatus and ribosomes. The vacuoles with flocculent electron-densed granules were rare. Some special granules in cytoplasm were seen, whose surface like earphone were covered with a membrane. High electron-densed contents in the granules were near one side and the other side was bright. The nucleus became markedly small in volume, nephroid or hoofed in shape. The nucleus had little euchromatin and lots of heterochromatin under nuclear membrane.

子宫内膜癌组织DC超微结构特征如下：细胞形态不规则，与正常子宫内膜组织DC相比，胞膜较光滑，胞膜表面树突状胞浆突起显著减少，部分突起呈粗短状；胞质中线粒体相对少，圆形而电子密度高的初级溶酶体和不规则形且电子密度高低不一的次级溶酶体多见；高尔基体、粗面内质网、核糖体丰富；含微量絮状电子致密物的胞饮小泡显著减少；胞质中可见形态特殊的颗粒，该颗粒外周膜包裹，略呈圆形，中间部位稍弯曲，如耳机状，颗粒中由高电子致密物居于一侧，而另一侧则呈透亮状；胞核显著减小，居于胞质一侧，常呈肾形或马蹄形，核内常染色质较少，异染色质多边集于核膜下。

Tetraploid organisms may arise by the fusion of two diploid gametes that have resulted from the nondisjunction of chromosomes at meiosis, or by nondisjunction of the chromoosomes during the mitotic division of a zygote.

四倍体的产生可能是由于两个二倍体配子发生融合，这种二倍体配子又是在减数分裂中染色体不发生分离而形成。四倍体也可能因为受精卵进行有丝分裂时染色单体未发生分离而形成。

Methods Peritoneal macrophages of guinea pigs were infected in vitro by three different Leptospira strains, the virulent Leptospira interrogans serovar Lai type strain Lai, the avirulent L. interrogans serovar Lai type strain IPAV, and the nonpathogenic L. biflexa serovar Patoc type strain PatocⅠ, respectively, and heat inactivated Staphylococcus epidermidis was added 0.5, 1.5, 3 and 6 h after infection and incubated for 30 min. The effect of Leptospira on the phagocytosis of macrophage was evaluated by the inactivated Staphylococcus epidermidis phagocytosis rate and phagocytosis index. Phagocytosis and ultrastructure of peritoneal macrophages were observed by transmission electron microscopy 3 h after infection, and changes of cytoskeleton of the macrophages were observed by laser scanning confocal microscopy.

用三种不同毒力的钩体（致病性问号钩端螺旋体赖型有毒株Lai株、赖型无毒株IPAV株以及非致病性双曲钩端螺旋体Patoc型PatocⅠ株）分别感染体外培养的豚鼠腹腔巨噬细胞，并分别于感染后0.5、1.5、3和6 h加入热灭活表皮葡萄球菌孵育30 min，通过计算巨噬细胞对灭活表皮葡萄球菌的吞噬率和吞噬指数，检测钩体对巨噬细胞吞噬功能的影响；感染后3 h透射电镜观察巨噬细胞对钩体的吞噬、降解和细胞超微结构的变化；用激光共聚焦显微镜观察细胞对钩体的吞噬和巨噬细胞细胞骨架的变化。

This property of fish complement may suggest that this system allows for a wider recognition of foreign surfaces when compared to that of mammals. This broader recognition of nonself particles maybe due to the fact that in contrast to mammals, some complement components in fish are present in multiple isoforms.

鱼类补体的这种特性也许表明，与哺乳类的补体系统相比，它的有更为广泛的对异物的识别能力，这种能力也许是因为与哺乳类相比，鱼类的某些补体成分有多种变体。

Firstly, we normalized the basic voxel by constructing its minimum oriented bounding box. Secondly, we constructed its D2 shape distribution curve, and computed the values of EMD(earth mover's distance) compared with the corresponding curves of the normal cone and cylinder respectively, and the corresponding top diameters. Finally, we compared the top diameters and obtained the parameters by the bounding box.

首先建立基本体素的MOBB，对体素进行标准化；然后生成其D2形状分布曲线，计算此曲线分别与标准圆锥体形状分布曲线、标准圆柱体形状分布曲线的EMD(earth mover's distance)值以及相应的上底直径；最后通过比较两个上底直径的大小来判断此体素是否为圆台体，并由包围盒的边长给出圆台体的参数。

Neuronal cell bodies and fibers with moderate mGluR7-LI were seen in the olfactory bulb,anterior olfactory nucleus,piriform cortex,septofimbrial nucleus,bed nucleus of the strial terminalis,lateral hypothalamic area,paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus,supramammillary nucleus,medial and lateral mammillary nuclei,most part of the thalamus,medial and lateral geniculate bodies,nucleus of the optic tract,red nucleus,substantia nigra,interpeduncular nucleus,pontine nuclei,lateral parabrachial nucleus,superior olivary complex,nucleus of the trapezoid body,motor nucleus of the trigeminal nerve,facial nucleus,ambiguus nucleus,cochlear nucleus,vestibular nuclei,nucleus of the solitary tract,hypoglossal nucleus,prepositus hypoglossal nucleus,medullary reticular formation,Purkinje cells of the cerebellum,nucleus raphe obscurus,intermediolateral nucleus of the spinal cord,Onuf′s nucleus and lamina X of the spinal cord.

呈中等强度染色的神经元胞体和纤维见于嗅结节、前嗅核、梨状皮质、隔伞核、终纹床核、下丘脑外侧区、下丘脑室旁核、乳头体上核、乳头体内、外核、丘脑大部分核团、内外侧膝状体、视束核、红核、黑质、脚间核、桥核、臂旁外侧核、上橄榄复合体、斜方体核、三叉神经运动核、面神经核、疑核、耳蜗核、前庭核簇、楔束外核、孤束核、舌下神经核、舌下神经前置核、中缝隐核、延髓网状结构、小脑蒲肯野细胞层、脊髓中间带外侧核、Onuf核和中央管周围灰质。

We obtain three classes of polyhedra which have high symmetry. they are regular tetrahedral class belonging to tetrahedral group , regular hexahedral class and regular octahedral class belonging to octahedral group.

本文将Goldberg在正十二面体上构筑多面体的方法推广到其它柏拉图多面体上，分别得到了三类具有较高对称性的多面体：属于四面体群的正四面体类和属于八面体群的正六面体类、正八面体类。

In this paper, using the orthogonal design method, 16 groups(96 pieces) of shear masonry specimens were designed. According to the results of the experiment, the effects of the mortar strength, kind of walling materials, the mixed quantity of PVB and MC for the shear resistance of masonry specimens have been analysed. By way of experimental statistical regression, the calculating formula of the shear strength of modified mortar masonry for every kind of walling material has been established.

本文采用正交设计的方法，共进行了16组96个试件的抗剪试验，研究了砂浆强度、块体类别、PVB掺量、MC掺量四种因素对砌体抗剪性能的影响；并针对每一种块材砌体进行抗剪强度分析，经统计回归得到了改性砂浆砌体抗剪强度的计算公式。

As she looked at Warrington's manly face, and dark, melancholy eyes, she had settled in her mind that he must have been the victim of an unhappy attachment.

每逢看到沃林顿那刚毅的脸，那乌黑、忧郁的眼睛，她便会相信，他一定作过不幸的爱情的受害者。

Maybe they'll disappear into a pothole.

也许他们将在壶穴里消失