住宅

Under this background, this article studies how to satisfy the consumers' current requirements of service function and consider the development of these demands in the entire life house. That is to say, how to utmost prolong its functional life in the physical aging so as to improve their adoptability of entire life.

该文研究了在上述背景下，面对小套型住宅的主体消费人群，如何在设计中既满足他们当前对住宅使用功能的基本要求同时又能充分照顾到住宅全寿命过程中人们对建筑功能要求的变化与发展，即如何在小套型住宅物质老化期内充分延长其功能寿命，提高小套型住宅的全寿命适应性。

Among these, because of the counterview to the high-rise buildings, there have a couple of research data, which proves that the high-rise buildings not only solve the problem of population density, but can create a very good environment for people.

在这之中，根据不少言论对高层住宅建筑的反对意见，引入了一组调查数据，以此论证高层住宅居民的满意度与低层住宅居民相比并无太大差异，论证了高层住宅不仅仅是解决人口密度的不得以之举，也能为其中的居民创造良好的生活环境。

This thesis contains five chapters. Chapter 1 introduces the cause, purpose and value of the thesis and the problems that affect the existence of the east-and-west-facing residence. Chapter 2 analyzes the affecting factors of the facing of residence including the thermo-comfortability, the spiritual and mental state and the ecological environment etc. Chapter 3 analyzes the specific circumstances, under which the east-and-west-facing residence is practicable. For example, in order to enjoy the view, to make good use of the land and to form the endocentric residential area, we can choose the east-and-west-facing residence. Chapter 4 puts forward some measurements, including the planning design, the architecture design and the constitution design, to make the east-and-west-facing residence hot-proof so that we can eliminate the most disadvantageous factor in the south. Chapter 5 gives some examples of the east-and-west-facing residence in the south.

本文分五章，第一章提出本文研究的起因、范围、目的、意义及南方地区东西向住宅存在的问题；第二章分析了影响住宅朝向的各因素(包括热舒适性、精神心理、生态环境等)；第三章分析了东西向住宅在一些特定条件下(如景观、地形地貌、小区内聚围合等)在南方地区的适应性；第四章提出了解决南方地区东西向住宅防热的一系列(规划设计、建筑设计、构造设计等)措施，以解决东西向住宅在南方地区存在的最大障碍；第五章列举了南方地区东西向住宅的一些实例；最后在结语中总结了东西向住宅在南方地区存在的现实意义及实用价值，并展望了住宅建设发展的前景。

Two kinds of models by estimating pool equations and panel estimation have been constructed. Based on the idea of Reduced Form Model, by adopting lags-adjustment or not, time-series dynamics models of the fluctuation of urban residential real estate market, in which the endogenetic and the exogenous sensitive variable include, have been estimated. In logarithmic form the models are applied in a case.

同时，借助缩约模型的基本思想，将住宅市场波动的外生和内生敏感性因素纳入到城市住宅市场的动态分析中，从纵向角度引入非时滞调整和时滞调整的两类模式，构筑了不同形式的住宅市场波动的时序动态模型，采用对数模型估算案例城市商品住宅市场的时序动态波动状况。

The high price, inadequate supply, geographical environment of the houses and the consumption expectance of the residents are main factors leading to the vacancy of the houses.

影响丹东市商品住宅的空置的主要因素是：商品住宅价格偏高、居民住房需求潜力大但释放有限、商品住宅的地理环境、住宅的个别因素、居民的消费预期等。

This paper mainly used hedonic model to analysis the housing hedonic price and price elasticity in Shanghai market.

本文试图把特征价格理论应用于上海住宅市场，分析上海的住宅特征、特征价格和边际价格，构建适用于上海住宅市场的hedonic模型，进一步验证Hedonic模型在住宅市场的适用性。

With the full and accurate data, the fourth part had forecasted the development tendency of Nanjing residential real estate market from three aspects of supply, demand and price. On the basis of gray relational analysis method, it demonstrated the main factors affect the commodity housing demand. The paper applied the GM(1, 1) model to establish the gray forecast model of Nanjing commodity housing sales. Finally, based on regression analysis, the result indicates that the housing price was not caused by supply and demand.

第四部分通过大量详实的数据，从南京市住宅市场的供给、需求及价格三方面，预测了南京市未来住宅商品房的供给量，并运用指数增长模型分析了南京市未来住宅房地产开发投资和销售面积的波动趋势；运用灰色关联度实证了显著影响南京市住宅商品房需求的因素，同时，借助灰色预测方法，建立灰色预测模型预测了未来几年南京市住宅商品房销售面积；最后运用回归分析方法实证了南京市住宅商品房价格增长过快并非完全受供求关系影响，同时将定量和定性分析相结合预测了南京市住宅商品房价格的发展趋势。

Firstly, this issue discussed has important practical significance, so I carried an elaborate investigation to'small-town house and traditional village-house'in district of Huizhou. In the foundation of the investigation, I collected and incorporated many data of it, and abstracted the characteristics of the district, including distribution, size, scale, color, constructing fashions, and so on, and then, I summarized Huizhou's housing situation, types of houses, constructional styles, etc. Secondly, after above analysis, I revealed the rules that the public houses evolved from traditional fashions to modern ones, and researched how to deal with the questions that we integrated traditional characteristics into modern houses and life styles. Finally, I selected typical house plans from large quantity of practical projects and adapted and perfected them to demonstrate the theory discussed above combining the compilation of standard cutlines of local traditional construction.

论文的上篇，由于本课题具有很强的实践意义，所以对徽州地区小城镇住宅和传统村落做了较为详尽的调研；对传统民居基础资料进行收集与整理，提炼出徽州地区传统民居的特色，包括其布局、比例、尺度、色彩、构造等做法；并对徽州地区小城镇住宅建设情况、住宅类型、建设方式等方面进行概述；中篇在上篇分析的基础上，揭示了从传统民居到现代住宅的演变规律，并研究如何解决传统特色与现代住宅和生活模式相结合的问题；下篇是从大量实践工程中挑选出有典型代表的住宅方案和构造大样，加以修改完善、突出传统特色，并结合编制《地方传统建筑》标准图集的实践，论证前面所述的理论。

It analyzes its feature of using electricity from different aspects: electricity for daily use road construction、street and landscape lighting, and also gives the conclusion that box-typed transformer substation taking the place of old one is the effective way to deal with the supplying power for modern housing district through the analysis to the substation and the feature of new box-typed transformer substation, It also tells the meaning of choosing the correct section and length of low-tension wire and gives suggestions that some ideas about present design standard should be improved as the development of society by comparing the analysis to distribution system and comparison with the relative countries and areas.

阐述了现代住宅小区供电规划的依据，通过从生活用电、公建用电、道路照明及景观照明用电方面分析现代住宅小区用电的特点；通过对住宅小区内变电所的分析及现在新型箱式变电站的特点，得出新型箱式变电站取代老式变电所是解决住宅小区供电的有效措施；正确选择住宅小区内低压导线的截面和长度的意义；对室内配电系统的分析及于相关国家和地区的比较，目前的设计标准有些条款随着社会的发展应该及时完善的建议。

Aiming at the house type of Duplex Apartment has higher function space adaptive capacity and is wide mentioned, this article centres on basic principle of "house adaptability ", researches adaptability design of Duplex Apartment by analyzing several examples and describes four primary design means, such as combination and divide of the whole flats, function neutrality, present combining future and adjustment and expansion of function in housing space.

针对跃层式住宅户型具有较高的功能空间适应能力而广受关注的现象，围绕&住宅适应性&的基本原则，结合实例对跃层式住宅的适应性设计进行了深入研究，从整体套型的分合、居住空间的功能中立、套型的近远期结合以及功能的调整与扩充等四个方面进行了论述，提出应进一步提高住宅设计的功能多适性，并促进住宅设计观念的更新。

Were used by medieval physicians...

被中世纪的医师用来。。。

Article 19 Where the shareholders of a limited liability company or the directors and controlling shareholders of a joint stock company or the actual controllers of a company maliciously dispose of company properties and thus cause losses to any creditors after the company dissolution, or fail to make liquidation and cheat the company registration organ to deregister the legal person by means of a false liquidation report, if any creditors claim that the aforesaid shareholders, directors and controlling shareholders or actual controllers shall assume the corresponding civil liability for the debts of the company, the people' s court shall support the claim.

第十九条有限责任公司的股东、股份有限公司的董事和控股股东，以及公司的实际控制人在公司解散后，恶意处置公司财产给债权人造成损失，或者未经依法清算，以虚假的清算报告骗取公司登记机关办理法人注销登记，债权人主张其对公司债务承担相应赔偿责任的，人民法院应依法予以支持。