位置上

Methods: The sign object was put at each acromial end and clavicle end of normal acromioclavicular joint. And then acromioclavicular joint was tested the locations in abducetion+superduct 、 endoduction 、 anteflexion 、 post-extention 、 external and interior rotation by using 3D- laser scanning camera .Computer calculate the rotation of the two sign objects in x 、 y 、 z axis(x delegate clavicle axis,y delegate coronal section ,z delegate sagittal axis).

通过在正常活体肩锁关节的锁骨端及肩峰端分别安装一个激光照相扫描仪的探测端子，3D-激光扫描相机扫描肩关节在做前屈+上举，后伸，外展，内收，外旋及内旋等不同位置下两端子的位置，通过计算机计算出两端子在X、Y、Z轴（X轴代表锁骨的长轴，Y轴为冠状面与X轴垂直轴，Z轴为矢状轴）上的旋转情况。

In Astrometry, the term is applied to the difference between the observed position of a reference star and the position listed in the star catalog.

在天文上，本术语指的是观测的参考星的位置与星表上的该星的位置的差值。

Firstly,the new images' orientation parameters are resolved using the old aerial images with POS data in the same area,and feature points are extracted in old images,and new images' conjugate points are computed using forward intersection and collinearity equations.

首先利用带POS数据的老影像解求新影像的外方位元素，然后在老立体影像上提取特征点，根据前方交会和共线条件方程得到新影像上同名点的近似位置，再与新影像进行匹配，寻找匹配不好的点作为变化区域的初始位置。

It solves the problem that the unitary contour presentation can not correctly extract face contour in a face image which suffers from scale, rotation etc. The definition of the internal and external energy function is provided. At the same time, the global matching algorithm and local matching algorithm is given. The experiment shows that this presentation and the accompanying matching algorithm can be used to extract the face contour very well. So the image segmentation can be implemented by using it.②By analyzing the recognition principle of PCA method, we can conclude that the face images coming from different surrounding consist of different face image space. This is the essential reason that makes the generality of PCA method worse. Also, we give a measurement means to measure the distance from different face image space, so we can analyze face image space more conveniently.③We also construct various scale models and rotation pose models to detect the scale and rotating angle of face image to be recognized. The experiment results show that the detecting precision is very high. So it is good for face image feature extraction and face image representation.④Similarly, we construct local feature models of face image and utilize them to detect the local feature of face image. At the same time, we put forward a novel face image local feature detection algorithm, locating step by step. The experiment results show that this method can accurately detect the location of local face feature in a image.⑤A novel face image presentation model, dual attribute graph , is put forward. Firstly, it utilizes attribute graph to present the face image, then exact the local principal component coefficient and Gabor transform coefficient of thc pixels which corresponds to the nodes of the graph as the attribute of the nodes. This representation fully makes use of the statistical characteristic of the local face feature and utilizes Gabor transform to present the topographical structure of face image. So DAG has more general property.⑥Based on the DAG presentation, we give a DAG matching function and matching algorithm. During the design of the function and algorithm, the noise factor, e. g., lighting, scale and rotation pose are considered and tried to be eliminated. So the algorithm can give more general property.⑦A general face image recognition system is implemented. The experiment show the system can get better recognition performance under the noise surrounding of lighting, scale and rotation pose.

本文在上述研究的基础上，取得了如下主要研究成果：①构造了一个通用的人脸轮廓模型表示，解决了由于人脸图象尺度、旋转等因素而使得仅用单一轮廓表示无法正确提取人脸轮廓的问题，并给出了模型内、外能函数的定义，同时给出了模型的全局与局部匹配算法，实验表明，使用这种表示形式以及匹配算法，能够较好地提取人脸图象的轮廓，可实际用于人脸图象的分割；②深入分析了PCA方法的识别机制，得出不同成象条件下的人脸图象构成不同的人脸图象空间的结论，同时指出这也是造成PCA方法通用性较差的本质原因，并给出了不同人脸空间距离的一种度量方法，使用该度量方法能够直观地对人脸图象空间进行分析；③构造了各种尺度模板、旋转姿势模板以用于探测待识人脸图象的尺度、旋转角度，实验结果表明，探测精确度很高，从而有利于人脸图象特征提取，以及图象的有效表示；④构造了人脸图象的各局部特征模板，用于人脸图象局部特征的探测；同时提出了一种新的人脸图象局部特征探测法---逐步求精定位法，实验结果表明，使用这种方法能够精确地得到人脸图象各局部特征的位置；⑤提出了一种新的人脸图象表示法---双属性图表示法；利用属性图来表示人脸图象，并提取图节点对应图象位置的局部主成分特征系数以及Gabor变换系数作为图节点的属性，这种表示方法充分利用了人脸图象的局部特征的统计特性，并且使用Gabor变换来反映人脸图象的拓扑结构，从而使得双属性图表示法具有较强的通用性；⑥在双属性图表示的基础上，给出双属性图匹配函数及匹配算法，在函数及算法设计过程中，考虑并解决了光照、尺度、旋转姿势变化等因素对人脸图象识别的影响，使得匹配算法具有较强的通用性；⑦设计并实现了一个通用的人脸图象识别系统，实验结果表明，该系统在图象光照、尺度、旋转姿势情况下，得到了较好的识别效果。

The optimal position of uniform section is calculated, and compared with the normal prism homogenizer. According to the theory that the beam energy refracted by the trapezoid prism is divided into 3 parts then overlapped in the base of the middle high energy, it realizes the use of association with the normal prism in two-dimensional.

实验中根据经梯形棱镜折射后光束能量在中间较强光束的本底基础上进行三分互补叠加的原理，实现了其与普通棱镜均匀器在二维方向上的组合使用；通过调节均匀器与接收屏之间的距离并同时记录每一位置处光束光斑的能量分布改善情况，确定了最佳均匀截面位置并与理论计算相吻合。

In the system, a 2D motion model is established on the image plane of the static camera to predict the position of the object by Kalman filter, then by using homography relation, the predicted position of object can be obtained on the image plane of the dynamic camera.

系统在静态摄像机的图像平面上建立目标的2D运动模型，采用卡尔曼滤波实现目标位置的预测，由单应性关系求出动态摄像机图像平面上对应目标的预测位置，然后计算摄像机动态平台的旋转角度，实现对动态平台的伺服控制。

Then by using homography relation, the prediction of the object position can be obtained on the image plane of the dynamic camera. Finally, after calculating the rotation angle of the dynamic camera plate, we can implement the servo control of the dynamic camera. We also discuss the technical problems of the error compensations of the system.

系统在静态摄像机的图像平面上建立目标的2D运动模型，采用卡尔曼滤波实现目标运动位置的预测，然后再利用单应性关系，得到在动态摄像机图像平面上对应目标的位置预测，计算动态摄像机平台所要旋转的角度，实现对该摄像机的运动控制，同时也讨论了系统的误差补偿等技术问题。

The hydraulic angle semi automatic product line is mainly used in punching and printing procedures of equilateral and inequilateral angles with their side length of 160 mm and smaller ones; leaves out lineation on angles and alinement when punching one by one; it only needs to input such parameters as the positions of each hole and of printing; put the angles to be processed on the pincer of the cart; then, automatic consecutive punching can be realized.

本液压角钢半自动生产线主要用于边长160mm及以下各种等边不等边角钢的冲孔及打字工序，省掉在角钢上逐一划线及冲孔时逐一对线的作业，只须按一定程序将各孔位置需打字位置等参数输入计算机，将所需加工角钢装在小车夹钳上后，即可实现自动连续冲孔。

Specifically, there are three kinds:(1) constant variation method to track two-body problem the root number of variables to establish perturbed equation;(2) coordinate perturbation method in order to track objects in real position and the location of an intermediate orbit perturbation differential equation as a variable to establish;(3) transformation theory, through a series of canonical transformation to reduce the order of the equations of motion to make it a more simple form.

具体做法有三种：（1）常数变异法，以二体问题轨道根数为变量建立摄动方程；（2）坐标摄动法，以天体在实际轨道上的位置与某一中间轨道上的位置差作为变量建立摄动方程；（3）变换理论，通过一系列正则变换，降低运动方程的阶数，使其具有更简单的形式。

A spectacle-frame type electric hypnotizer is composed of spectacle frame, low-frequency pulse current generator in the box at the position of pad bridges and therapeutic electrodes which are arranged at the positions on spectacle frame, corresponding to the upper and lower orbits and metencephalon.

本发明涉及一种镜架式电睡眠器，包括镜架、设置在镜架鼻托部位盒内的低频脉冲电流发生器和治疗电极。治疗电极设置在镜框上且与上、下眼框相对的位置处及与后脑部位相对的位置处。

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。