估算

Based on the radiation characteristic of air speedy object, taking into account the synthetic influence factors of the real configuration of object, sun radiation, space long-wave radiation and the environment radiation around object, a further study for the effect of scarfskin pneumatic heating up, used equivalent resistance to estimate inner heat-resource and gave prominence to the influence on scarfskin radiation caused by engine heat-scattering, a logical and effective IR imaging simulation model for airplane is presented in this paper.

从红外辐射和热传导基本定律出发，综合考虑目标实际结构、太阳辐射、天空长波辐射、气动加热及周围环境辐射等因素的影响，依据空中快速目标热辐射特性，分析气动加热对飞机蒙皮辐射的作用，运用等效热阻对内热源部分进行估算，突出发动机传热部分对飞机整体辐射产生的影响，并建立一种可靠实用的空中飞机红外成像仿真模型，仿真过程中结合对空实拍红外图像进行动态调整，目标模拟结果真实感较强。

By analyzing the result, three most main factors influencing the calculation accuracy are found: the constitution of wave scatter diagram, interpolating the irregular wave and the estimating of roll damping coefficient.

通过分析计算结果提出了影响计算精度的三个最主要的因素：海浪能量谱的构成、不规则波的合成方法、横摇阻尼的估算。

The Services are Landed Cost, Import Compliance, Export License Detector and Denied Party Screener.

这些服务是估算卸货成本、检查进口程序、查验出口许可证以及被拒方扫描。

By a theoretical model, influences from electron temperature, ion temperature, plasma flow and secondary electron emission are mainly analyzed.

主要讨论了电子温度、离子温度、等离子体流动以及二次电子发射对尘埃带电的影响；数值计算研究了尘埃带电的弛豫时间；在考虑了离子拖拽力作用下，估算了尘埃粒子在聚变装置中的运动速度；针对碳材料的尘埃理论计算得到了粒子的寿命。

To estimate what degree that the sewage treatment plant should handle ;selection of sewage disposal technological process ; technical Analysis; design caculation of main structures ; plan layout of the factory; elevation layout of the factory .

要求根据所给资料进行设计的主要内容有：估算处理厂应处理的程度；污水处理工艺流程的选择，进行技术分析；主要构筑物的设计计算；水厂平面布置；水厂高程布置。

Total project investment in estimation 200 million yuan, sourced from the government special fund and enterprise self-raised fund.

项目估算总投资2亿元。资金来源为：政府专项资金和企业自筹资金

Investment Estimating and Financing : The total investment of the project is 30 million Yuan, including foreign funds planned to be used of 20 million Yuan and self-raised funds of 10 million Yuan.

投资估算与资金来源：项目总投资3000万元，拟利用域外资金2000万元，自筹1000万元。

Total Investment and Source: The total investment is 31.33 million USD, among which 11.33 million USD will be self-raised and 20 million foreign investment is expected in cash.

投资估算与资金来源：项目总投资3133万美元，其中自筹资金1133万美元，拟利用外资2000万美元。希望外方以现汇投入。

Land sales provide up to 60 percent of local government revenues, by one semiofficial estimate — and much more by some private ones.

据一项半官方的保守估算，地方政府约有60%的收入来自土地交易；私人部门的估计则远远高出这个水平。

The animal signs also serve a useful social function for finding out people's ages.

十二生肖在社交场合也很有用，人们可以通过它来估算别人的年纪。

Recall that, in the Kolmogorov axiomatization, measurable sets are the sets which have a probability or, in other words, the sets corresponding to yes/no questions that have a probabilistic answer.

延期开工的Kolmogorov宣布要衡量所有套职能有限许多坐标限制在于衡量子寅。换句话说，如果是/否的问题回答f可看的价值观念在许多最有限坐标，然后它有一个概率的答案。

The experimental results showed that the algorithm can filter singular points and remain fixity of the target edge.

实验表明：基于模糊理论的图像智能滤波方法比常规图像滤波方法运算量小，它既能去除奇异点，又能保持图像中目标的边缘不变性，具有很好的滤波效果。