伦理上

And this thesis particularly discusses the macroscopical inevitability of the financial ethic's crisis: during the transformation of the economic relationships, the indemnificatory of the traditional ethical system is broken, the economic ethical criterion is lacked, the internal idiosyncrasy of the modern economic has not come into being, and the aberrancy theory of the financial market's orientation.

接着本文比较详尽地从宏观角度分析了当前金融伦理危机发生的必然性：在社会经济关系转型中，传统伦理制度的保障机制解体，经济伦理制度规范上缺失，现代经济内在特制还没形成，金融市场的定位偏差理论等。

The paper discusses in great details the historical conditions required for such formation. For instance, the scientific advances in Pre-Qin period allowed the codes of conducts of human beings to be established based on the mastering of the pattern of cause and effect; the division of labor had assisted the formation of technological workers'professional lives; maturation of ethical cerebration permitted the thinkers to introduce ethical theories so as to solve problems in scientific and technological ethical realms.

论文具体分析了古代科技伦理形成的历史条件，如先秦科学技术的进步使人类的探索、改造自然的行为规范能够建立在对因果律理性把握的基础上；社会分工的发展使科技人员的职业生活形成；伦理思想的成熟使思想家能够运用伦理理论研究科技领域中的伦理问题。

Though academic philosophers in the west may be well aware that a geographically defined "global ethic" is not equivalent to a "universal ethic" as philosophically understood, some proponents of a so-called "global ethic" have shown a tendency to confuse or conflate the two distinct concepts.

尽管西方的学院哲学家很清楚在地理意义上界定的"全球伦理"不同于哲学上所理解的"普世伦理"，但在一些所谓"全球伦理"的倡导者那里，存在着一种混淆或合并这两个截然不同的概念的倾向。

Part One is the introduction, which examines Amartya Sen"s economic ethics thought along the developing line of the unitive and disjunct relation of economics and ethics. It also presents Amartya Sen"s unique view on the two subjects.

第一部分为对阿马蒂亚·森的经济伦理思想历史渊源的分析，该部分以经济学与伦理学之间的统、分关系的变化为主线，简述了经济伦理史上的经济学与伦理学的关系并以此引申出了阿马蒂亚·森经济伦理思想中对二者关系的独特见解。

Economic Ethnics should combine the "harmoniousness"on the base of "courtesy"...

经济伦理要将伦理精神上的"礼"节之"和"与经济上的效率结合起来，做到伦理讲效率，经济讲正义。

As a result, their own ethics become a brilliant mixture of Islamism and Chinese traditional ethics in Chinese land.

或者说，他们的伦理思想是伊斯兰教伦理思想与中国传统伦理学说相互交融的产物，是伊斯兰教伦理思想在中国这块土地上结出的奇葩。

Therefore,this traditional morality can play its role in practical life on one hand,namely,the gains-pursuing and perceptual desire are kept on the right track;but on the other hand,it is characterized by "cheating strangers","heteronomy"," non-purity ",favors "talents' foresight" and has lost its intrinsic characters: rational consciousness,emotional willingness and saintliness.

在对这些问题的回答上，显现出两种不同的思路，并由此形成了人类伦理文化长河中的两大传统：重功利的功利主义伦理传统与重道义的道义论伦理传统，它们反映了人类的两种价值选择倾向。前者我们称其为功利主义伦理传统，后者我们称其为道义论伦理传统。数千年来，这两大传统相互砥砺契合，共同融铸了人类的伦理道德精

Finally, based on the reality of Chinese socialism market economy, the author dissects the vacancy incurrent construction of Chinese enterprise ethics, draws lessons from the success of overseas' Chinese business ethics, analyses the ethics resources adoptable including the Marx's economy ethics , the synthetical nature and modern-meaningful turns of Confucian ethics, and Amartya ?

最后，立足于中国的社会主义市场经济现实，解剖现行中国企业伦理建设的缺失，借鉴海外华人企业伦理的成功，分析可采用的伦理资源，包括马克思经济伦理、儒家伦理在综合性和现代意义上的转轨以及阿马蒂亚·森整合后果论和义务论，提出中国企业伦理建设的参考性建议。

The Lynn White debate, which begun when White called for a rethinking of Christianity or its replacement by a nonWestern religion, has proved an obstacle to dealing with the environmental crisis The defense of Christianity that followed inhibited Asian and comparative environmental ethics in the West and did not produce environmentally useful results Whenever the relationship of religion and the environment was raised, the discussion quickly shifted to the issue of Christian responsibility for the environmental crisis The problem with the debate is that in many important ways, the White thesis is correct: Christianity is indeed responsible to a significant degree in that Christianity desacralized nature and it supported policies politically in the Middle Ages that encouraged now harmful human population growth and promoted science and technology, much of which has proved to be environmentally problematic There was nevertheless a second tradition of which Saint Francis of Assisi was a part that was environmentally friendly and that could be useful in rethinking Christianity environmentally It is however unlikely that Christianity will prove useful in the development of an environmental ethic in nonWestern countries or that nonWestern religions will succeed in producing an environmental ethic in the West It is therefore important that religious scholars move beyond assigning blame for the environmental crisis and find ways for the major world religions to help develop environmental ethics as best they can within their own cultural spheres

林恩怀特争论始于怀特关于对基督教进行重新思考或者由非西方宗教取而代之的呼吁。林恩怀特争论已经被证明成为处理环境危机的一个障碍。由此而起的对基督教的辩护制约了亚洲和其他比较环境伦理学在西方的发展，没有产生对环境有益的结果。无论何时，当人们谈及宗教和环境的关系的时候，讨论都会迅速转向有关基督教对环境危机责任的讨论。这一争论的关键在于，怀特的论文在很多方面是对的：基督教的确在相当大的程度上造成了自然的世俗化，并且在中世纪，基督教在政治上对现在看来有害的人口增长的政策提供了支持，促进了科学和技术的发展，很多诸如此类的政策已经被证明对环境是有害的。但是，基督教还存在另一种对环境友好的传统，Assisi城的&圣芳济&运动就是其中一例，这种传统也许对于从环境角度重新认识基督教是有益的。但是，对于非西方国家环境伦理的发展，基督教将很难能够有所作为，非西方宗教也不大可能成功地在西方产生出某种环境伦理。因此，对于研究宗教的学者们而言，重要的是要走出谁应该为环境危机受到指责的争论，找到世界各主要宗教如何在其各自的文化范围内对发展环境伦理提供最佳帮助的方法。

From May 4th Movement of 1919 to the 1920s, sex love narrations in Chinese novels were rather an enlightenment and liberation in that particular era with four characteristics. Firstly, sexual desire was endowed with rationality with regard to liberation of human nature and mutual love. Secondly, with an epochal concern for a stronger and superior race, greater attention was paid to sexual parties concerned, mainly physically. Thirdly, new ethics on sex were promoted in that personal freedom on sex love was emphasized and sex love became an important way of self-fulfillment. Therefore, independence of sex love was advocated and the scope of sex love was also widened. Fourthly, the sex consciousness of this period had the mixed features of the past and the contemporary. Sex love narrations in the 1930s and 1940s showed a further exploration on the theme of human nature. First of all, sex was restored to a kind of desire. ShenCongwen probed the importance of harmonious sex love to a sound personality and Shi Zhecunrevealed that sexual inhibition could lead to the distortion, even frenzy of human nature. Bothexplored the influence and functions of sexual desire as human nature upon human personality,giving prominence to the irresistibleness of sexual desire and the significance of sexual desire asa motive. Then, human bodies driven by sexual desire were described and given greater attentionto. Next, ethics on sex were deconstructed either by Shen Congwen who opposed man-madeethics with law of nature and the School of New Sensation who replaced traditional ethics on sexwith exchange rules in consumption, or by Shi Zhecun who spared no efforts in representing thecomplete failure of social rules, including ethics on sex, due to the impact from sexual desire.The direct effect was a paleness of the ethical binding force on sex. Last, sex consciousness inthe works of female writers emerged. In the early works of Ding Ling, the sexual desire of thefemale is no longer a ramification of emotion but an independent one. In addition, in the sex lovenarrations of other female writers, such as Mei Niang, strong self-consciousness on the socialstatus of the female is also reflected. Sex love narrations in the late 1970s and early 1980s wereactually a re-enlightenment in the spirit of humanism, whose major features include humanisticlegitimation of sex love within the boundary of ethics, a blend of sex love narrations withnational concepts and national myths as well as the aesthetic, poetic descriptions of humanbodies etc. In the middle and late 1980s, sex love narrations entered a stage of exploration forpluralism. First, by restoration of sexual desire, writers of this era restored human nature, thevery original state of human being. Different emphasis and tendencies could be seen in differentwriters: looking at sex love dialectically and trying to describe its creative as well as destructivecharacteristics; connecting sex love with violence and trying to reveal the evil side of humannature through it; emphasizing the creativeness of sex love especially in the heritage of"wildness".

从&五四&到20世纪20年代，中国小说的性爱叙事是一种处在时代夹缝中的启蒙和解放，其所表现出来的特点，一是正面赋予性欲望以合理性，这种合理性是在人性解放和爱情前提下获得的；二是在强种育种的时代焦虑影响下小说性爱叙事表现出对物质身体的关注，其焦点主要在体格方面；三是树立起新的性伦理道德观念，表现为强调在性爱问题上的个人选择自由，性爱成为个人自我实现的重要方式，从而赋予人在性爱问题上的独立性，同时还扩大了性爱表现的领域；四，这个时期小说性爱叙事中所表现出的性意识还具有新旧杂糅的特点。30、40年代小说性爱叙事表现出对人性主题的深化与丌拓，首先是把性还原为欲望本身来探索，沈从文从和谐性爱对健全人性的决定作用、施蛰存从性压抑会导致人性扭曲甚至疯狂的角度探讨作为人类本质性欲望的性对人性产生的影响和作用，突出了性欲力量的不可抗拒和作为人类行为的重要动力等方面的内容；其次在叙事中表现出对欲望化了的身体的描绘与关注；第三是解构了性的伦理道德，无论是沈从文以自然法则来反对人为的道德设置还是新感觉派用消费交换原则替代传统性伦理道德，或是施蛰存极力表现包括性伦理规范在内的社会法则在性欲力量冲击下溃不成军，其直接的效果都是使性伦理道德对人的约束力量显得苍白虚弱；第四，出现了由女性作家表现的女性性意识，在丁玲的早期作品中女性的性欲望不再是作为感情的衍生物而是独立的欲望存在，而在梅娘等其他女作家的小说性爱叙事中则表现出对女性社会地位的强烈自觉意识。70年代末80年代初期小说的性爱叙事实际上是在人道主义语境下的再次启蒙，其主要特征一是性爱在人道主义前提下获得合法性，但要求性爱不超出伦理规定的范围；再就是将性爱叙事同国家观念和民族神话相融合；此外还有对身体的描写审美化诗意化等。80年代中后期，小说性爱叙事进入了多元化探索的阶段，作家通过还原性欲望来还原人性、还原人类的本真状态，不同作家笔下表现为不同的侧重和倾向——以辨证的方式看待性爱，写出其具有的创造性力量和毁灭性特征；将性爱与暴力相联系并通过其来表现人性的黑暗；强调性爱的创造性作用，尤其在民族&血性&的传承方面。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。