传统方法

The first part states in a comprehensive way the research on Zhou Zuoren so as to define the purpose, methodology and significance of the dissertation. The second part analyzes the experience of Zhou's self-culture creation from a personal angle-Yue culture in Zhejiang gave Zhou a perceptual knowledge of folklore, while the idea of world folklore gave him a rational cognition of folk' culture. The combination forms a dual folklore. The third part observes Zhou Zuoren's examination of literarure from folklore's perspective as well as its pioneering significance. The fourth part explores in a further way Zhou's perspective of folk culture, and analyzes the method he has established to conduct literary criticism from the angle of folklore as well as his research on Chinese Culture. The fifth part analyzes the impacts folklore theory and folk culture have on the formation of Zhou' literary ideas, focusing more his folklore interpretation and humanism perspective about the origin and hist ory of literature, also his literary aesthetic standards about "ordinary humanism" and "loving amusement" from the position of folklore. The sixth part expounds Zhou's achievement in combining literature and folklore and explores the consistency of their focus on human, thereby presenting a complete picture of Zhou's literature. The last part generalizes the revelation drawing from the research done in this dissertation.

本文分为六章：第一章综述周作人研究的历史与现状，从而确定本文的研究目的、方法及意义；第二章从社会、时代背景、区域文化传统和个人文化选择的角度，阐释周作人选取民俗学视角观照文学的原因，侧重分析周作人自我文化建构的心路历程——浙江越文化传统的浸润给周作人以民俗学的感性认识，而世界民俗学的理念赋予他注重民间文化的理性精神；第三章考察周作人的民俗学研究及先锋意义；第四章进一步探讨周作人的民俗文化观，分析他确立的从民俗文化角度进行文学批评的方法，兼及他从民俗学视角进行的中国文化研究；第五章分析民俗学理论及民俗文化观在周作人文学思想生成中的影响，着重论述周作人关于文学起源和文学发展史的民俗学阐释、文学的民俗人性观，以及从民间立场出发所具有的"平凡的人道"、"有情的滑稽"等文学审美原则；第六章从创作实践方面，探讨周作人文学作品的民俗文化意蕴，进一步论述周作人将文学与民俗结合在一起的实绩，并揭示二者以"人"为核心的内在精神的一致性，从而呈现出周作人较为完整的文学风貌；最后是余论，指出这一研究的启示。

For the capacity of propeller turbine is often small, people pay little importance on the transformation of reducing capacity under specified conditions. So, nowadays little research mentioned above has been developed.For the particularity of the designed factors, the author has improved the traditional theory, and has fined an available Method of singular point distribution. At present, no one has developed CAD hydraulic design software of lower specific speed axial flow runner in our country.

由于设计条件的特殊性，在研究设计方法过程中，论文基于传统设计理论，对引用的一些基本规律做了一定改进，在具体设计过程中，对经验参数的选择方法做了一定探索，研究与探索运用奇点分布法设计低比转速轴流式转轮叶片；传统的设计工作全部由人工完成，无法满足当今社会科技生产发展的需要，因此论文开发了一套具有人机对话界面良好特点的低比转速轴流式转轮CAD软件。

However, the characteristics that the multiple constraints and sequences in the auto-body assembly make the error stack-up very complex and it is difficult to search dimension-loop by utilizing the traditional dimension loop model in the 3-D variation analysis and synthesis in auto-body. Meanwhile, for the auto-body composed by great mounts of parts, the traditional Monte Carlo Simulation is time-consuming.

然而，车身装配过程中零件间的多约束特征和多装配顺序影响，使得车身装配偏差累积规律十分复杂，传统尺寸链分析方法需要建立尺寸链方程，难以适应车身三维偏差分析；同时，传统的蒙特卡洛求解方法计算效率低下，难以应用于这种复杂车身产品的公差综合。

The novel place of the method of economic analysis of l aw lies in the substitution the method of economic analysis to traditional legal method.

一、法律的经济分析方法对传统法学研究方法的替代法学传统代表着一个与数量分析不同的发展方向。

These days, along with the fast development of computer and the theory of pulverized coal's combustion, numerical experiment, which can complement the shortcoming of the traditional means, becomes another crucial method to study the above cases The tangentially fired boiler possesses a large part of the market all over the world.

而通过传统试验测量的方法只能够得到有限的数据，而今随着计算机和煤粉燃烧理论模型的发展，数值试验成为了炉内过程研究的另一个重要手段，而且通过数值试验的方法还可以弥补传统试验的不足。

It will expose the design problem of maintainability of civil airplane to the early stage of design. This paper discusses the composing of the virtual maintenance environment, builds non-immersion virtual maintenance environment of undercarriage, and establishes a part library management system. The characteristic of maintainability models and maintainability analysis based on virtual technique is researched to give the maintainability frame model of civil airplane virtual maintainability analysis. All levels of maintenance time model and maintenance man-hour model are established. Analog-Huffman code is proposed to optimize space partition method in traditional collision detection arithmetic."Maintenance therblig"is brought into the broken down of maintenance tasks, and the new maintenance tasks broken down method is proposed. The demands of human measure, position, and equipment layout in human engineering are discussed, and the verification methods of human measure, position and equipment layout in virtual maintenance are given. Basic principle and verification procedure of maintainability virtual verification is developed primarily, and the reachablity, the visibility, and posture-comfortability are verified.

本文论述了虚拟维修环境的组成，构建了某型飞机主起落架非沉浸式虚拟维修环境，建立了维修对象的零件库管理系统；研究了基于虚拟技术的维修性模型特点及维修性分析流程，给出了基于虚拟技术的民机维修性分析框架模型，并结合传统维修性模型，建立了各级维修时间模型和维修工时模型；提出类HUFFMAN编码，结合人因工程的要求，优化了传统碰撞检测算法中的空间分割法，使之适用于柔体；在维修性分解中引入"维修动素"，给出了与CATIA、DELMIA等应用软件结合紧密的维修任务分解方法；论述了人因工程中对人体尺寸、姿势、设备布局的要求，给出了虚拟维修中人体尺寸、姿势分析、民机内设备布局的验证方法；初步制订了维修性虚拟验证的基本原则和验证程序，并结合具体实例对可达性、可视性、干涉性以及人体姿态舒适性进行了验证，较清晰、真实地反映了维修人员的维修状态。

The multiresolution time-domain algorithm based on the scaling function of the Daubechies wavelet is introduced, and the perfectly matched layer absorbing boundary condition for the algorithm is deduced. In order to overcome the difficulties due to the nonlocalized property of the MRTD basis functions, the pure scattered-field formulation is adopted. The method presented is applied to the scattering analysis of multiple conducting objects, and the numerical results are compared with those by the traditional finite-difference time-domain method. It is shown that the computational resource is reduced drastically without sacrificing much accuracy.

对基于Daubechies小波尺度函数的时域多分辨分析算法进行了详细论述，推导了MRTD算法的完全匹配层吸收边界条件，为克服传统MRTD方法中基函数存在着非局部性的缺点，在源的加入上采用了纯散射场方法；并应用该算法对多目标的电磁散射特性进行了分析，数值结果表明，MRTD算法与传统的时域有限差分法结果相吻合，大大节约了计算资源。

This thesis contains three parts.The first part is to explore the polemics of national interests on viewpoints and research methods between idealism and realism.The second part emphasises on study the innovation of research approach on national interests adv ocated by Behaviorism,and traditionalistic revise on its standpoints and research methods under the influence of this.

全文主要分为三个部分：第一部分，主要考察了理想主义和传统现实主义围绕国家利益这个概念在观点上的论争；第二部分，着重探讨了科学行为主义对国家利益研究方法的革新，以及传统主义受其影响的观点与方法修正；第三部分，重点论述了新现实主义与新自由主义关于国家利益的逻辑推导和主要观点，以及建构主义在对理性主义范式批判的基础上所形成的议程焦点。

In a great deal of outstanding singing in home outstandingly, sing the method in national vocal music represented by Peng Liyuan, have made outstanding contribution in term of drawing lessons from, inheriting and developing in singing the singing characteristic of technology and traditional singing style of Chinese nationality Westernly, been approved by experts and scholars and the broad masses, and this kind is different from tradition, have singing method of the characteristic of era to influence so far.

在诸多优秀的优秀歌唱家中，以彭丽媛为代表的民族声乐演唱方法，对西洋歌唱技术和中国民族传统唱法的演唱特征从借鉴、继承及发扬的角度均做出了突出的贡献，得到了专家学者和广大群众的认可，并且这种有别于传统、具有时代特点的演唱方法影响至今。

This text surveys nationality's traditional sports course construction of university of Jishou through visiting methods such as the investigation method and on-the-spot investigation method ,etc., result reveal Jishou university build in such aspects as hardware , software and scientific research in the national leading advantaging to nationality traditional course of sports, influence by factors in many aspects and restriction, course construction aspect exist course offer time to be short, there is much content of courses, the knowledge of basic theory is taught weakly , practice has inadequate experience, course offer range to be relatively narrow, think method scientific phenomenon.

本文运用访问调查法和现场调查法等方法，对吉首大学民族传统体育课程建设进行调查，结果显示吉首大学对民族传统体育的课程建设在硬件、软件和科研等方面都处于全国领先优势，但是受多方面因素的影响与制约，课程建设方面还存在课程开设时间短，教学内容多，基础理论知识传授薄弱，实践经验不足，课程开设范围较窄，评价方法不科学的现象。

But we don't care about Battlegrounds.

但我们并不在乎沙场中的显露。

Ah! don't mention it, the butcher's shop is a horror.

啊！不用提了。提到肉，真是糟透了。