传统

Demiurgic art studies Chinese tradition -- with " civil in order to carry " for the problem, the aesthetic idea that by Chinese tradition lucky design devises

浅析中国传统造物艺术探究——以&文以载道&为题，论中国传统吉祥图案设计的美学思想中国传统造物艺术探究——以&文以载道&为题，论中国传统吉祥图案设计的美学思想

Taking the traditional hamlets in southern mountain area of Zhejiang as examples, this paper discusses carefully about the origination, development and function of the yards during the thousand years, especially the affirmative meaning, domanial characteri...

本文以浙江南部山区传统村落为研究对象，对场·院在千百年历史变迁中的形成、发展、作用等诸方面进行深入探讨，尤其从场·院组织人类活动的角度对场·院在传统村落外部空间存在的意义所产生的积极性，存在的领域性和影响的渗透性结合设计实例分析、论证，从而说明场·院在传统村落空间中的重要地位，这种地位对传统村落的可持续发展起着十分显要的决定性作用。

Further discussion on the culture's influence on the development of national gym, about how to advance our conventional gym in new era could has significant bearing, not only for keeping our gym's energic life, but also for bringing forth its eternal charisma on the stage of international gym.

笔者为了深入探讨中国传统文化对民族传统体育发展的影响作用，通过查阅有关资料，走访相关专家学者，对于如何在新时期弘扬民族传统体育，使民族传统体育不仅在中华大地上保持其持久旺盛的生命力，而且在世界体育舞台上展示其永恒的魅力与风采提出了自己的看法。

Yet, once a worship of Confucian doctrine of Song and Ming dynasties and later a modern intellectual of liberalism, Mr. Cai was shown in his ideas to be deeply influenced by the tradition of "ideology first" on the one hand, and on the other hand, to be a unique modern enlightener, he reevaluated the traditional values according to the needs for survival in new conditions. So what he tried to do goes far beyond the explanatory power of the traditional ideology and the modernity, and rather, is an attempt to reconstruct them.

当然，我们亦发现作为一位曾经拜倒在宋明儒脚下而站起来的近代自山主义知识分于，他的美育观体现出他一方面深受&思想优先&这一传统意识的影响，另一方面扮演了独特的现代启蒙者角色：他依照观代生存需要来重新估定了传统价值，这显然不只是传统的思想道德范畴能够予以诠释的，而是一条探求如何实现传统重整的现代性理路。

Since it is established as an independent factor and the knowledge system about its generalness and general application is also established by scientific management theory and then becomes an organic part of traditional public administration theory, the uniformity in "management" among scientific management theory, the separation of politics and administration and rational bureaucratic organization theory constitutes management tradition of traditional public administration theory.

管理作为一个独立的功能要素的确立，到科学管理理论建立起关于管理的一般性和普适性知识体系并随之成为传统公共行政理论的有机成分，科学管理理论与政治－行政分离思想、理性官僚制组织理论在&管理&认识上的一致性，构成了传统公共行政理论的&管理&传统，这一传统在新公共管理范式中以具有哲学理论形态的&管理主义&或&新管理主义&的面貌出现，并赋予了&管理&以新的内涵。

As to his opinions on traditional culture, esp. the classic poems and verses, his contradicting idea was also overwhelming. On the one hand, he advocated referring to western poetics rather than Chinese classic poems and verses due to its lack in content, form and language; on the other hand, deeply influenced by Chinese classic culture and hard to get rid of it, he was ineluctably restricted by Chinese classic culture and finally regressed to the traditional mood of Chinese intellectuals.

第三、在对待中国传统文化尤其是古典诗词的态度上，穆旦也存在着颇耐人寻味的矛盾，一方面有感于古典诗词在内容、形象和语言上的弊端，拒绝接受古典诗词的影响，而提倡多借鉴西方诗学理论：另一方面又由于身处中国传统文化的&山山水水&之中，自身无法摆脱特定的文化身份，不可避免地要受到中国古典文化传统的限制和拘囿，甚至最终回归到传统知识分子的文化心态。

Basing on the inspection , the study deems that Gendered Education has influenced deeply by Chinese traditional gender discourse which emphasizes gender differences.The educational tradition integrates the male and female simultaneously, but it was restrained by the fetter of Gender Essentialism.Gender-neutral Education is the production of education resulted from gender discourse of gender equality in modern China.The educational tradition has challenged Gender Essentialism in Gendered Education and endowed the male and female with the identical education right, but it actually has fallen into the Masculinism.

经考察，本文认为：性别化教育深受中国传统男女有别社会性别话语的作用与影响，这种教育传统虽将男女两种社会性别同时纳入教育系统，但受制于了性别本质主义的束缚；性别中立教育是现代中国男女平等社会性别话语作用于教育的产物，这一教育传统挑战了性别化教育传统中的性别本质主义，赋予了男女两性相同的教育权利，但却逐步陷入了男性中心主义。

The high-degree integrated traditional political culture of China was strongly impacted by the western powerful culture in modem times and caused its adjustments, so the historical journey of Chinese traditional political culture was displayed as the course of the nativistic movement. The history logic from 1840 to 1901 suggests that the crisis of Chinese traditional political culture in modern times be unprecedented and it could not be saved unless it should be replaced by a completely-new cultural form through the nativistic movement.

具有高度整合性的中国传统政治文化在近代遭遇了西方强势文化的冲击并由此展开了顽强抵抗和回应性调整，因此中国传统政治文化的近代行程表现为本土运动的历史行程。1840—1901年间中国传统政治文化本土运动的历史逻辑表明：中国传统政治文化在近代遭遇的危机是空前和全面的整体性危机，非本土运动所能自救，最终不得不进行全面的革故鼎新，以一种新的政治文化替代之。

The high-degree integrated traditional political culture of China was strongly impacted by the western powerful culture in modem times and caused its adjustments, so the historical journey of Chinese traditional political culture was displayed as the course of the nativistic movement. The history logic from 1840 to 1901 suggests that the crisis of Chinese traditional political culture in modem times be unprecedented and it could not be saved unless it should be replaced by a completely-new cultural form through the nativistic movement.

具有高度整合性的中国传统政治文化在近代遭遇了西方强势文化的冲击并由此展开了顽强抵抗和回应性调整，因此中国传统政治文化的近代行程表现为本土运动的历史行程。1840-1901年间中国传统政治文化本土运动的历史逻辑表明：中国传统政治文化在近代遭遇的危机是空前和全面的整体性危机，非本土运动所能自救，最终不得不进行全面的革故鼎新，以一种新的政治文化替代之。

Within these influences and modern nomocracy appeared such conflict as between manually governing tradition and nomocracy spirit、the nomothetical conflict within the traditional morality of legal system and nomocracy construction、the conflict between revolutionary tradition and the conservative spirit of nomocracy、between traditional awkward law consciousness and fine law requirement of nomocracy construction、between the law concept that regarding law as traditional tool and looking on law as justice and so on.

这些影响与现代法治建设之间产生了人治传统与法治精神之间的冲突、法制的传统道德与法治建设中的法律冲突、革命传统与法治的保守精神相冲突、传统的恶法意识与法治建设的良法要求相冲突、统治工具论法观念与公平正义法观念之间的冲突等。

As she looked at Warrington's manly face, and dark, melancholy eyes, she had settled in her mind that he must have been the victim of an unhappy attachment.

每逢看到沃林顿那刚毅的脸，那乌黑、忧郁的眼睛，她便会相信，他一定作过不幸的爱情的受害者。

Maybe they'll disappear into a pothole.

也许他们将在壶穴里消失