传热

The mathematical model of complex countercurrent multi-effect evaporation with condensed water flash is established, which aims at minimum annual cost (including cost of fresh vapor, vacuum pump power, evaporator, maintenance and depreciation).Based on such decisive variables as the pressure of fresh vapor, the pressure of condenser and heat-transfer mean temperature difference of vari-effect,the model is solved by the complex method,Lagrangian multiplier method, iteration method and matrix method.The practical example indicates that the influence of the pressure of fresh vapor, the pressure of condenser and flash of condensed water on the optimum design results is notable.

建立了带有冷凝水闪蒸的复杂逆流多效蒸发系统优化设计的数学模型，该模型以整个蒸发系统的年总费用(包括加热蒸汽年费用、真空泵年动力费用以及蒸发器和辅助设备的年折旧维修费用等)最小为优化目标，以生蒸汽压力、冷凝器真空度及各效有效传热温度差为决策变量，提出一种新算法———复合形法结合Lagrangian乘子法、迭代法和矩阵法求解模型。

The model aims at minimum annual cost (including operating cost and equipment depreciation cost) of whole evaporation system (including two sequential system——multi-evaporation system and multi-level preheating system). The tempreture of flesh vapor, the tempreture of condenser, effective heat-transfer temperature difference of vari-effect, and outlet solution temperature of vari-level preheater were both decision variables.

优化设计数学模型以整个蒸发系统(包括多效蒸发和多级预热两个序贯系统)的年总费用(包括系统年操作费用和设备年折旧费用)最小为优化目标，以生蒸汽温度T0、冷凝器中二次蒸汽温度Tk、各效蒸发器有效传热温度差Δti及各级预热器溶液出口温度tpj为决策变量。

The steam condensation, condenser vacuum and the condenser performance are improved.

正确合理地模拟和预测凝汽器壳侧汽相流动和传热特性，对凝

In the model the collector is regard as a system, the outlet temperature is the system output, the other variables: the inlet temperature, the ambient temperature and the solar irradiance on aperture plane per unit area are the system inputs.

中文摘要本文以U型管全玻璃真空管太阳集热器为研究对象，在分析太阳集热器传热机理和管内流体温度分布情况的基础上，根据能量平衡和传递函数理论，对侯宏娟的集热器动态测试方法的数学模型进行改进。

The knowledge base of accident management procedure is studied, and realize the accident management procedure of the steam generator heat transfer tube rupture accident.

本文主要对事故规程知识库的设计做了一些探讨，对蒸汽发生器传热管破裂事故的处理规程进行了编程实现，并在模拟器上得到了验证。

A quantification method of the error probabilities for the human failure events in probability safety assess is provided, and it is applied in the error probability analysis for the human actions in the identification and isolation of the ruptured steam generator tube of nuclear power plants.

提出了用环境影响指数来定量计算情景环境迫使人的认知失误的发生概率，给出了概率安全评价中人误概率的分析方法，并用于诊断核电站蒸汽发生器传热管破裂和蒸汽发生器隔离时的人误概率分析。

After detailed analyse the main accident of primary loop of nuclear power plant, and refer to accident operation procedure of the nuclear power plant, the thesis raise the abnormal guide operation of steam generator heat transfer tube rupture accident.

本论文在详细分析了核动力装置一回路系统主要事故的基础上，参照核电厂的事故处理规程，提出了蒸汽发生器传热管破裂事故的处理规程。

Two models were developed, one for calculating the leakage rate of water from heat transfer tubes due to one broken double ended guillotine tube in the steam generator of LMFBR using the one dimensional method of characteristics, and anotherone for temperature, adiabatic spherical to columnar hydrogen bubble growth model in large sodium water reaction.

采用一维特征线方法建立了快堆蒸汽发生器单管发生双端断裂情况下，水从破裂传热管流出的泄漏率计算模型和钠水反应气泡从球状到柱状的变温绝热生长模型。沸腾是钠冷快堆安全分析工作中必须要考虑的一个问题，而堵流是众多导致发生沸腾原因中十分重要的一个。

The comprehensive heat transfer basic trial study about the influence factors, regular pattern and the limit heat transfer capability and effect of augmentation of heat transfer of jet impingement has been completed.

在关于发生在磨削弧区的传热过程的深入的机理研究的基础上，提出了可以通过有效强化弧区换热过程，大幅度开发高效磨削潜力的创新思想，并在此基础上构思设计了采用径向高压水射流冲击强化冷却弧区工件表面的独创方案。

This article introduced one kind of use was mad-the solid two-phase flow related theory and the related heat transfer research trial result,establishes the process mathematical model,carries on the pa...

介绍一种利用气固两相流动有关理论及有关传热研究试验结果，建立过程数学模型，对气流干燥管进行分段，分区间逐次计算方法，其计算结果与实际情况吻合较好，并通过对直管与脉冲管的计算结果分析其优缺点，可以用于工程计算。

With Death guitarist Schuldiner adopting vocal duties, the band made a major impact on the scene.

随着死亡的吉他手Schuldiner接受主唱的职务，乐队在现实中树立了重要的影响。

But he could still end up breakfasting on Swiss-government issue muesli because all six are accused of nicking around 45 million pounds they should have paid to FIFA.

不过他最后仍有可能沦为瑞士政府&议事餐桌&上的一道早餐，因为这所有六个人都被指控把本应支付给国际足联的大约4500万英镑骗了个精光。