传染性

Instedd 's approach to early detection of infectious diseases, Ushahidi 's approach to crowdsourcing crisis information, Witness 's harnessing of consumer video to report on human rights abuses, and AMEE 's APIs for exchanging carbon data between applications, are all part of the "instrumenting the world" trend that I was talking about in part one of the talk.

Instedd 早期传染性疾病监测的做法、 Ushahidi 征询危机信息的做法、 Witness 通过消费者视频来报告人权危机的做法以及 AMEE 在应用间交换碳数据的API，都是我在讲话第一部分中谈到的&改造世界&的趋势。

"In human infection with BSE prions, species-barrier effects, which are characteristic of cross-species transmission, would be expected to further increase the mean and range of incubation periods, compared with recycling of prions within species," as was the case in kuru, the authors write.

人类感染BSE传染性蛋白质时，因为物种屏障效果的关系，会比单一物种间的感染增加潜伏期之平均期间；就如同kuru病案例一般；作者们指出，这些数据可以提供资讯给建立vCJD流行病学模式之用。

Kuru and vCJD belong to the same family of neurodegenerative conditions known as transmissible spongiform encephalopathies, affecting both humans and animals. Prion diseases are characterized by accumulation in the brain of an abnormal isoform of glycoprotein called prion protein, Dr. Collinge and colleagues write. It's thought that this protein is the agent of transmission in these diseases.

Kuru 和vCJD属於同一种神经退化性状况，已知为具传播性之海绵状脑病，对人类和动物均有影响；传染性蛋白质疾病特徵是在脑中累积异常glycoprotein同质体，Collinge医师和同事指出，该蛋白质被认为是这些疾病的传播物质。

These organisms penetrate into snails, multiply, and develop into cercariae, the infective form for man

这些毛蚴进体螺体，繁殖和发育对人类有传染性的尾蚴。

These organisms penetrate into snail s, multiply, and develop into cercariae, the infective form for man

这些毛蚴进体螺体，繁殖和发育对人类有传染性的尾蚴。

"At the time, it seemed extreme, and it seemed restrictive, because I had never experienced an infectious disease outbreak," said Scott Dewing, director of technology at the school and one of the trip chaperons.

学校的技术部主任、监护人之一Scott Dewing说：那时候，中国的手段显得很极端，让人觉得受到了限制，因为我从来没有经历过传染性疾病爆发的事件。

The causative agent of the disease is an Corona virus, infectious bronchitis virus IBV）, classified as Corona .Present vaccines for IB are all modified live viruses derived either by sequential passage embrocated chicken eggs. As Immunogenicity of IBV is usually correlated with its virulence, almost all modified live IB vaccines remained insufficient attenuation and have shown a variety of side effects including spread of vaccine virus to no vaccinates, occurrence of long term "carrier" birds, and increasing virulence during in vivo passage.

目前国内外预防本病所用的疫苗大多数是弱毒疫苗，但现用弱毒疫苗都存在以下缺点：（1）与IBV强毒一样，其弱毒疫苗株也能引起潜伏感染，潜伏感染的鸡将终生带毒；（2）疫苗病毒可以由接种鸡传染给非接种鸡，在鸡群之间传播过程中毒力会返强，从而成为新的感染源；（3）传染性支气管炎病毒极易发生变异，且易成为病毒重组的供体和受体，给使用IB传统疫苗预防和根除IB带来极大的困难。

The best way to prevent fevers is to reduce your exposure to infectious diseases.

最好的防止发烧的方法是尽量不要和有传染性的病源接触。

Prevention 预防 The best way to prevent fevers is to reduce your exposure to infectious diseases.

最好的防止发烧的方法是尽量不要和有传染性的病源接触。

Other infectious waste, harbouring infective microorganisms, is diagnostics and experimental animals.

其他带有传染性微生物并可引起传染的垃圾还包括用于诊断和试验的动物。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。