传感器

Ray real-time radioscopy imaging system can be used in many fields, such as medicine, industry non-destructive technology and baggage safety inspection in customs, airport, railway station,dock etc. X-ray image sensors are the key devices of the X-ray real-time radioscopy imaging system in which the CCD predominates at present.

射线数字实时成像系统在医学、工业无损检测以及海关、机场、车站、码头的行包安全检查等领域得到广泛应用，X 射线图像传感器是其中的关键部件，现在用在X 射线实时检测领域的图像传感器大部分为电荷耦合器件CCD。

Ray real-time radioscopy imaging system can be used in many fields, such as medicine, industry non-destructive technology and baggage safety inspection in customs, airport, railway station,dock etc.

射线数字实时成像系统在医学、工业无损检测以及海关、机场、车站、码头的行包安全检查等领域得到广泛应用，X 射线图像传感器是其中的关键部件，现在用在X 射线实时检测领域的图像传感器大部分为电荷耦合器件CCD。

However, the CMOS image sensors can provide stronger anti-radiation capacity than CCD as well as Single Chip Integrating with image sensors array, drive and control circuit, signal processing circuit, A/D conversion circuit and Completely Digital Interface Circuit. The CMOS image sensors also possess high quantum efficiency, wide spectral response, good response uniformity, low supply voltage and low request of clock. At the same time, the small bulk, high reliability, low power consumption and low cost are the prominent advantages of the CMOS image sensors too, thus CMOS image sensor has more exploiture foreground in X-ray real-time radioscopy imaging system.

由于CMOS 图像传感器比CCD 具有更强的抗辐射能力，还具有将图像传感器阵列、驱动和控制电路、信号处理电路、模数转换电路、全数字接口电路等实现单片集成以及量子效率高、光谱响应宽、响应均匀性好、工作电压低、对时钟脉冲要求低、体积小、重量轻、功耗低、高可靠、低成本等优点，因此在X 射线实时检测中更具有开发前景。

The paper introduces the model and system error of SmartROB-2 mobile robots odometer and laser range finder firstly.

本文首先对SmartROB-2移动机器人所装配的里程计传感器和激光测距仪传感器的模型和误差分别进行了分析讨论。

The active sensor has certain advantage for such environment navigation,the laser range finder is used here.

对于这种环境，主动式传感器具有一定的优势，文中采用了激光雷达传感器。

We use the magnetic control sensor,which composed by dry reed pipe and magnetic floater ,to achieve this function.

其信号输入端是一套能够对水位进行自动检测并将检测情况即时告知系统控制部分的装置，而由干簧管和磁性浮子组成的磁控式传感器便是具有此种功能的传感器。

In the process, a still robot is regarded as a beacon, while a moving robot driving itself toward it with infrared sensors for localization and completes the docking process. Two infrared sensors on top of the front-end attachment of the moving robot are rotated by two stepper motors and the infrared ray emitted are reflected respectively by the two reflectors on top of the back-end attachment of the beacon robot.

在该方法中，设定一个静止的信标机器人，移动机器人利用红外传感器定位，安装在移动机器人前端连接件上的两个红外传感器分别在步进电机的驱动下旋转，它们发出的红外光分别被信标机器人后端连接件上的两个反射体反射回来。

The designed photoelectric sensors of regular polyhedron rotation realized to adjust the

本研究对该传感器的性能进行了测试，结果表明光电式正多面体转速传感器误差小于3%，测量精度的一致性比较好，基本上达到了设计要求。

An integral sensor is included but the SCA can operate through a remote mounted sensor as well.

设备中有完整的传感器，也可以通过远程安装的传感器操作。

A two-layer framework with particle swarms cooperative optimization and a mutation parameter is introduced by the QPSCO algorithm for larger searching scale and quicker convergence. Moreover I the residual sum of squares in least-square principle is introduced into the fitness function to enhance the fitting precision of the sensor position curve.

在QPSCO算法中，采用双层的多粒子群协同优化结构，同时引入参数变异策略，在扩大搜索范围的同时加快该算法收敛；将加权最小二乘法的误差平方和引入适应度函数中，以提高传感器位置曲线的拟合精度，从而实现传感器的优化配置。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。