传导

In order to study the nonuniform temperature rise and thermal effect in the Yb:YAG crystal,based on the theory of semi-analytical thermal analysis and working characteristic analysis of Yb:YAG microchip with super-Gaussian beam end-pumping and back-face cooling,a new solution of heat conduction equation was introduced and the general expressions of temperature field,thermal distortion field and additional optical path differences of Yb:YAG microchip were obtained respectively.

为了研究抽运光在Yb：YAG晶体内产生的非均匀性温升以及引起的热效应问题，以半解析热分析理论为基础，结合超高斯光束端面抽运、背向冷却Yb：YAG微片工作特点分析，采用热传导方程一种新的求解方法，得出了Yb：YAG微片内部温度场、热形变场、附加光程差的半解析计算表达式。

The vapour and plasma ignition times of the target are got based on the equation of heat conduction and cascade model. We suppose that the plasma is ignited when 210 generations of new electrons are born in vapour generation time. The influence of temperature on the thermodynamics and optics parameters of material also have been considered in the model. The resulting theory has good agreement with the experiment and overseas report. A blade method to measure the laser spot is given in this paper with validation and error analysis. The plasma threshold of metals in atmosphere and water ambients both are diagnosed with the light deflection and piezoelectric transducer. A Q-switched pulsed Nd:YAG laser operating at infrared (1064nm), visible(532nm) and ultraviolet (355nm) wavelengths has been used. Al、Fe、Cu are used as targets and get a similar results with both method. Theoretical and experimental analyses are applied on the influence of wavelength on the threshold have been done, both of which have shown that the plasma threshold of metals decrease as the laser wavelength increases; The plasma threshold of metals are higher in water than in air and the pressure of the shock wave in water is five times higher than in air.

从热传导方程和雪崩电离机制出发，假设当电子增值2~(10)倍时，考虑了温度对材料热力学和光学参数的影响时，得到了气化和等离子体点燃的时间，利用该模型进行计算得到的结果与国内外报道及自行通过实验测得的阈值基本一致；提出了利用刀刃法测量激光光斑面积的方法，并通过实验进行了验证和误差分析；利用光偏转装置和压电换能器分别对空气和水中金属等离子体点燃阈值进行了实验诊断，激光器均为调Q—YAG激光器(波长1064nm，532nm，355nm，脉宽10ns)，靶材分别为Al、Fe和Cu，两种测试方法得到的等离子体点燃阈值基本一致；本文从实验和理论计算两个方面讨论了波长对等离子体点燃阈值的影响，均得到了等离子体点燃阈值随着波长的增加而减小的结论；对空气中和水中不同环境下金属等离子体的点燃阈值进行了比较研究，得到了金属在水中的等离子体点燃阈值比空气中的大，且水中产生的冲击波的压强是空气中的5倍左右的结论。

The enhancement of conductivity is due to the local concentration of equipotential lines when conductive current is dominant at high frequencies.

等效介电常数的增强是由于等势线在传导电流为主导时在局部汇集引起的；等效电导率的增强是由于等势线在位移电流为主导时在局部汇集引起的。

A new non-linear heat conduction equation based on equivalent time is advanced and applied to solve the temperature field and stress field of Longtan RCC dam.

用化学反应速率描述温度对混凝土绝热温升的影响，求解基于等效时间的非线性热传导方程，对龙滩水电站碾压混凝土坝的温度场和徐变应力场进行了仿真计算。

In this paper,based on the theory of heat transf erring,an thermal model of thermooptical devices is established.

本文针对器件中温度场特性在器件性能优化方面的重要性，根据热传导理论，建立了器件的热学模型。

Erythrocytosis can arise from deregulation of the erythropoietin axis resulting from defects in the oxygen-sensing pathway.

缺氧信号传导途径的缺陷导致的红细胞生成素轴调控异常会引起红细胞增多症的发生。

The exchange rate transmission mechanism shows the character of transition countries. That is capital escapement and money substitution.

目前，我国汇率传导机制所体现的是一种转轨经济国家所特有的特征，即资本外逃和货币替代。

The status of our exchange rate system makes monetary policy transmission mechanism show a special phenomenon. That is capital escapement and money substitution.

我国汇率管理体系所处的特殊状态使我国货币政策汇率传导机制表现出独特的现象，即资本外逃和货币替代。

With eserine, although depolarization occurs, the block develops.

但是在一定条件下，阳极电流对於这些传导阻遏都有解除作用。

In the dissertation, meshless element free Galerkin method which utilizes moving least square is used for solving heat transfer problems. Lagrange multiplier method is used to deal with the essential boundary condition. Some parameters in element free Galerkin method, which influence the precision, are also discussed in the numerical simulation. The adaptive method of meshless method is also stated.

本文采用了基于移动最小二乘近似的无网格伽辽金法计算了热传导问题，采用拉格朗日乘子处理本征边界条件；讨论了无网格伽辽金法各个计算参数在数值模拟中对计算精度的影响；并对无网格的自适应方法进行了研究。

She gently rebuff ed him, but agreed that they could be friends

她婉言拒绝了，但同意作为朋友相处。

If in the penal farm, you were sure to be criticized.

要是在劳改农场，你等着挨绳子吧！