伞形的

A small involucre; a secondary involucre, as in the bracts of the secondary umbels in the Umbelliferae.

小总苞 Involucel 小型的总苞；二级总苞，如伞形科二级伞形花序的苞片。

China and sect. Coilanthns. With the results of ITS and matK gene trees, it is supported that the possible evolutionary tendency of inflorescences is from spike to single umbel and raceme of umbels in Smilax.

DNA分子树结果支持圆锥花序可能是由单伞形花序的祖先通过其花序基部的叶子退化而演变来的，而这种单伞形花序是菝葜组和土茯苓组的共有特征。

Biogeography: according to the distribution and phylogenetic placement of endemic genera, Yunnan and SichuanProvinces of KangdianAncientLand are probable the secondary evolutionary centers for Chinese Apiaceae.

根据各特有属在伞形科中的系统学位置以及地理分布状况，我们推测，地处康滇古陆的云南和四川很可能是中国伞形科植物的次生演化中心。

Umbels simple or compound; peduncles racemous, cymous or corymbose-branched; bracts foliaceous, usually serrate; bracteoles small, entire, rarely lobed; umbellules with both sessile or subsessile, bisexual flowers and pedicellate, staminate flowers.

伞形花序单生或复合；花序梗小总状花序，聚伞花序的或伞房状分枝；苞片叶状，通常使成锯齿波；小苞片小，全缘，很少有裂；有两无柄或近无柄的小伞形花序，两性花和有花梗，雄花。

Flowers in pedunculate umbels or umbel-like racemes, with clustered leaves at base.

花生于有花序梗的伞形花序或象伞形花序一样的总状花序，具簇生叶在基部。

Inflorescence borne in axil of leaf or scalelike bract, of 1(--3) umbels or a panicle, raceme, or spike of umbels; peduncle sometimes with a scalelike prophyll at base.

花序生于叶或的腋鳞片状苞片，1(-3)伞形花序或一圆锥花序，总状花序，或伞形花序的穗状花序；有时的花序梗具一鳞片状的先出叶在基部。

Leaves opposite along stem and/or in a whorl at base, subsessile; stipules absent. Flowers axillary and/or terminal, solitary or in pedunculate umbel-like cymes which sometimes rebranch to form irregular compound umbels, 4-merous, white or yellow, rarely pale blue. Calyx campanulate, 2--4-lobed; lobes valvate.

叶对生沿茎和在一轮生的在基部，近无柄；无托叶腋生的花和/或顶生，在有花序梗内的单生或象伞形花序一样聚伞花序哪个有时形成不规则复合伞形花序，4瓣，花萼钟状，有叶2-4；裂片镊合状排列。

Koyama (1960) divided Smilax into six sections according to inflorescence and prophylla etc., and defined the sect. Macranthae as with raceme of one to many umbels, defined sect. Smilax as with umbels sessile on elongate. If it is only one umbel, the peduncle has a node or prophylla at the base. After researching on most literatures on Smilacaceae in different floras, observing most of Smilax specimens in the world .

Koyama(1960)对东南亚产的菝葜属做了详细的分类学研究，根据花序类型、先出叶等特点将菝葜属划分为6个组，并将具有一至多个伞形花序排列成圆锥花序的一系列种定义为圆锥菝葜组或花序无梗定义为穗菝葜组，认为若是单个伞形花序腋生，则在总花梗下部必定具一关节或具一枚先出叶。

The pollution accumulation results of post insulator and porcelain bushing in DC yard of converter station, natural contamination test station and wind tunnel were introduced. Artificial pollution tests were carried out on the post insulators with different sheds. The artificial rain flashover tests were also carried out on the bushings with different sheds profile. The shed configuration of insulator and porcelain housing such as sheds shape, core diameter, shed pitch were analyzed and compared.

分析了换流站、自然积污站和风洞试验中支柱绝缘子和直流设备套管的积污数据，对±500kV直流系统用不同伞形支柱绝缘子进行了全尺寸的人工污秽试验，进行了瓷套管人工淋雨试验，比较了伞形参数对支柱绝缘子和瓷套管污秽性能和淋雨闪络性能的影响。

Central umbels with short peduncles, lateral umbels opposite or cyclic with long peduncles; petals green.

中心的伞形花序具短花序梗，侧生伞形花序对生或轮生具长花序梗；花瓣绿色。

It has been put forward that there exists single Ball point and double Ball points on the symmetrical connecting-rod curves of equilateral mechanisms.

从鲍尔点的形成原理出发，分析对称连杆曲线上鲍尔点的产生条件，提出等边机构的对称连杆曲线上有单鲍尔点和双鲍尔点。

The factory affiliated to the Group primarily manufactures multiple-purpose pincers, baking kits, knives, scissors, kitchenware, gardening tools and beauty care kits as well as other hardware tools, the annual production value of which reaches US$ 30 million dollars.

集团所属工厂主要生产多用钳、烤具、刀具、剪刀、厨具、花园工具、美容套等五金产品，年生产总值3000万美元，产品价廉物美、选料上乘、质量保证，深受国内外客户的青睐