优级

The inventory cost is a primary component of the supply chain cost, and the method for multi-echelon inventory optimization and control must be adopted for the sake of the entire supply chain optimization and control, t present, papers on multi-echelon inventory systems have solved some problems, but they still have limitations. Firstly, they assumed that leadtime are constants. In practice, as the unknowable incidents exist in production, transportation and distribution processes, leadtime usually are uncertain. Secondly, there exist the hypotheses of totally back orders or completely lost sales under the condition of stockout in most literatures. Thirdly, the existing two-echelon inventory approximate model optimum always fixes one variable in the inventory strategy, and then seeks the optimal in the remained parameters, which makes the result can not be the best outcome.

目前有关两级库存优化控制的研究文献大多是假设提前期为常数的基础上建立模型，然而现实中由于供应链上各节点的库存不确定性以及运输、生产、交货等环节的不可预知性，使得提前期在多数情况下是不确定的；而且大部分文献都是假设缺货情况下要么完全延迟交货，要么完全损失销售，很少有考虑部分损失销售情况下库存优化控制的；另外，现有的两级库存近似模型的优化大都是固定一个库存策略中的变量，对余下变量寻优，其优化结果不可能是最优结果。

In the POPF model, wind farm is modeled by the probabilistic wind farm model considering the reactive power-slip characteristic, and the inequality constraints include not only the unit output constraints, the ratio constraints, the voltage constraints and the line current constraints but also the reactive compensation capacity constraints in wind farm and the system climbing capacity constraints per minute. By introducing the NCP function, the KKT conditions of POPF system are transformed equivalently. Based on the transformed nonsmooth nonlinear algebraic equations, the FOSMM is used to determine the POPF model expressed by the numerical characteristic of variables. The model includes nonsmooth functions, so it can be solved by a semismooth Newton-type method based on the subdifferential.

概率最优潮流模型中，风电场采用考虑无功功率—滑加热器差特性的风电概率模型，不等式约束中除了机组出力约束、有载调压变压器变比约束、电压约束和支路电流约束，也考虑了风电场无功补偿容量约束、系统的分钟级爬坡能力约束；使用非线性互补函数将概率最优潮流的KKT条件转化为一组包含有不光滑函数的非线性代数方程组，然后基于一次二阶矩法确定了以待求量的数字特征表示的POPF模型，由于该模型包含不光滑函数，因此采用基于次微分的半光滑牛顿型方加热器法求解。

The pharmacologic data and chemical data were analyzed by stepwise regression analysis and 16 characteristic chemical variates were extracted, the quality of Evodia samples were graded in a series of four according to both sets of the pharmacologic data. A quality grading assessment scheme of Evodia samples by chemical ANN pattern recognition was then proposed and the results was satisfying.

依据药理实验结果将样品的质量分为优级品、一级品、合格品、劣品四个等级，对药理数据和化学数据进行逐步回归分析，选取16个有效化学特征变量，用人工神经网络方法建立起可对吴茱萸样品进行质量分级评价和定量预测药效的模型，其结果令人满意。

The Company's products have appeared goods (Zhaoqing famous native products) exquisite boxed: Overlord Flower, shoots do, do lines Terrier, Euryale, Pakistan Ji, Polygonum multiflorum, Gynura tea, Lingzhi tea; Featured bagged: Overlord Flower, Ganoderma lucidum, Hericium erinaceus, Pleurotus abalonus, Agrocybe, gold mushrooms, mushroom, flower shoots , black fungus, excellent yuba, etc.; Snack Foods has:(authentic Guangdong traditional snacks) ui cakes, small pastries, ready-to-eat Morinda officinalis, Polygonum multiflorum ready-to-eat, ready-to-eat gold bergamot, lotus root sugar, Overlord Flower candy, soft Morinda officinalis sugar, candy, etc. multiflorum Thunb.

本公司现出品的产品有精致盒装：霸王花、竹笋干、芋梗干、芡实、巴戟、何首乌、紫背天葵茶、灵芝茶等；精选袋装：霸王花、赤灵芝、猴头菇、鲍鱼菇、茶树菇、黄金菇、金针菇、竹笋花、黑木耳、优级腐竹等；休闲食品有：牛耳酥、小油酥、即食巴戟、即食何首乌、即食金佛手、糖莲藕、霸王花软糖、巴戟软糖、何首乌软糖等。

There exits several MDO algorithms. But they are in our opinion either nonefficient or complicated. So we devised an algorithm called Subspace Approximation Optimization . In the SAO algorithm, the whole system is decomposed into one system-level optimization and several disciplinary optimizations so that a large and complicated problem can be divided into several easy-solving sub-problems. The coupling relationships and the coordination among disciplines are presented by equality constraints and these equality constraints are assigned to relevant disciplines. The optimums of design variables in system level optimization are transferred to discipline level optimization. The optimums of design variables in discipline level correspond to the point that is the nearest to the optimums of design variables in system level. If the optimums of design variables in system level are out of feasible region of discipline 1eve1, linear constraints can be built in the system level optimization using the design variable optimums obtained by the discipline level optimization. The system level optimization would improve the design of the whole system with these linear constraints.

目前，国内外已经发展出了多种飞机多学科设计优化算法，本文的重点是针对协同优化算法的不足，提出了子空间近似优化算法(Subspace ApproximatingOptimization，SAO)，SAO算法中，整个系统的优化问题被分解成一个系统级优化和若干学科级优化，而各个学科之间的耦合与权衡关系则被当作等式约束，这些等式约束将被分配到各个学科级优化中去，系统级优化的任务是寻找整个系统的最优解，而学科级优化的目标函数是以系统级优化分配下来的设计点为圆心的超球半径的平方，因此，如果系统级优化分配下来的设计点在学科级优化可行域内，则学科级优化目标函数为0，反之，则学科级优化的最优点是系统级优化当前设计点距离可行域最近的点。

Intubating conditions were excellent in 0.0%, 43.3%, 60.0%,63.3%, 80.0%, and 86.7% of patients after 0.0, 0.3, 0.5, 1.0,1.5, and 2.0 mg/kg succinylcholine, respectively.

结果显示，插管条件优级的发生率在司可林 0.0、0.3、0.5、1.0、1.5和2.0 mg/kg 组分别0.0%、43.3%、60.0%、63.3%、80.0%和86.7%。

Inorganic Se could be transformed into organic Se after malt steeping, germinating and kilning, which not only satisfies human need but also keeps human being and animal from the overtaking of Se by malt.Malt was used as a carrier of Se, not only, for it's nutritious, edible and medicinal but also for it's useful in food industry, especially in brewing.

我们把麦芽作为富硒载体不仅因为麦芽营养价值高，而且兼有食用、药用、酿造用等多种用途，因而麦芽在食品工业中占有很重要的地位，特别是在酿造工业上，麦芽是酿制啤酒的主要原料。2001年我国啤酒产量达2200万吨，需麦芽300万吨，但由于国产啤麦制麦性能较差，麦芽的质量指标很难达到原轻工部部颁优级品的标准。

Through high-density bundling and film-twining treatment, Sudan grass and corn stalk showed yellow-green, and had good palatability and aroma of wine without agglomeration and going moldy, and its sensory evaluation reached excellent standard.

经高密度压捆缠膜处理后，苏丹草和玉米秸秆呈黄绿色、适口性好、有酒香的芳香味道、无结块和粘烂发霉现象，感官评定达到优级标准。

The iodine sorption value and methylene blue sorption value are over the national high quality standard.

碘吸附值和亚甲基蓝吸附值超过了国家优级品的标准。

Typical sandy desert soil, supplemented by the world's most advanced fertilizer Israeli drip irrigation technology, the formation of the domestic rare plant wine grape producing areas of the optimal level.

典型的戈壁砂地土壤，辅以全球最先进的以色列肥水滴灌技术，形成了国内罕有的酿酒葡萄种植的最优级产区。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。