优秀运动员

The aim of this study was an evaluation of the influence of HiLoon aerobic performance and its physical effects. Elite swimmers、 collegestudents major in physical education and rats were exposed to simulatedaltitude in a decompression chamber and the followings were investigated:(1) erythropoiesis and erythropoietin,(2)maximal oxygen uptake,(3)body weight and body composition,(4)serum parameters of metabolism andhormone,(5)erythropoietin gene expression in kidney and vascularendothelium growth factor gene expression in heart.1 Effects of simulated "living high-training low" on aerobic performancein elite swimmersFourteen swimmers (10 men, 4 women) from Shandong swimming team weredivided into two groups: experimental group (living high-training low,n=8,6men,2women),living at a simulated altitude of 2,800m for 13 to 14 hours per day for 3weeks in a decompression chamber and training at sea level; control group(living low-training low, n=6,4 men,2 women),living and training at sea level.

为系统探讨高住低练对机体有氧能力的影响及其机制，本研究利用低压舱来模拟高原气压条件，分别以优秀游泳运动员、体育专业大学生和大鼠为实验对象，从以下几个方面来初步探讨模拟高住低练对机体的影响：(1)红细胞生成和EPO，(2)最大摄氧量和无氧阈，(3)体重和身体成分，(4)血清物质代谢指标及激素水平，(5)大鼠肾脏EPO和心脏VEGF基因表达。1 模拟高住低练对优秀游泳运动员有氧能力的影响 14名山东省游泳队运动员(男10人，女4人)，随机分为两组：实验组(模拟高住低练组，男6，女2)和对照组(低住低练组，男4，女2)。

The results showed that the activation ability value of the elite fencing athletes brain ability of infor oration processing was much higher than that of the normal people, which meant the brain could deal with more information and have more methods of information processing. The superior unilateral brain regions of information processing were the left forebrain and right epencephalon, which were the best match of both- side brain. Female athlete moods were more stable than the male athlete;besides, they were more active, having more powerful logic memory, and more rational thoughts. Among the parameter of FFQG, marginal modulus reflected the consumption of information processing which was related with the fencing athlete athletic for m. T his, the low er the modulus w as, the better w as the athletic for m. T he fencing athlete with good marginal modulus was 6z.4%.w ith the nor oral being 3 }.6%.which indicated that the efficiency of Chinese fencing athlete brain ability of information processing was rather high.

结果表明，优秀击剑运动员大脑处理信息的能力与普通人相比，激活能力总值显著较高，提示优秀击剑运动员大脑处理信息的量更大，处理信息的方式更多；击剑运动员大脑处理信息的优势单脑区为左前脑和右后脑，左前右后脑是优秀击剑运动员双侧脑的最佳匹配；男女运动员在大脑左颞区优秀图形的差异显著，提示女运动员比男运动员有更稳定的情绪，更高的内驱力，更强的逻辑记忆和理性思维能力；击剑运动员优势图形中的特征图形为内方型和隧道型，非优势图形中的特征图形为逃逸型和奇异型；脑象图的技术参数中，边缘系数反映大脑处理信息的耗能量，它与击剑运动员的竞技状态呈较高的负相关，即边缘系数越低，运动员在竞技比赛中的发挥越好；击剑运动员边缘系数优秀型占总人数的62.4%，一般型占总人数的37.6%，提示我国优秀击剑运动员大脑处理信息的效率很高。

The result shows that there are significant differences such as the final stride approach and horizontal velocity of barycenter,swing speeding of swing leg,the factors of buffer and stretch of the take-off leg in the take-off technique between Chinese male high-jumpers and foreign ones.

通过三维摄像对我国部分优秀男子跳高运动员的起跳技术进行运动学分析，研究结果表明：我国部分优秀男子跳高运动员的最后一步步长及质心水平速度、摆动腿的摆动速度、起跳腿的缓冲蹬伸方面与世界优秀选手存在差距。

The results of the study show that the Japanese men judoka have the features such as gregariousness,courage,frankness,self—confidence;While the top judoka reveal the dis- tinquished difference from the ordinary judoka in the six facors—gregarousness,agitation, courage,strain strain and so on.has also been pointed out that all these psychological indices could be ...

研究结果表明，日本男子柔道运动员在乐群、敢为、直率、自信等7个因素上趋于高分特征；优秀柔道运动员则在乐群、兴奋、敢为、紧张等6个因素上，与普通柔道选手相比存在显著性差异。这些心理学指标，可作为选择和培养优秀柔道运动员的理论及测试依据。

by applying psychological measurement methods, the author compared volition quality between short track speed skaters with difference sports performances and genders in order to gain an insight into if there is a difference in volition quality between them, and revealed the following findings: in terms of objective clearness male skaters at international master sportsman level are superior to male skaters at national master sportsman level, but in terms of renitency male skaters at national master sportsman level are superior to male skaters at international master sportsman level; female skaters at national master sportsman level are superior to level 1 female skaters in terms of renitency, determination, confidence and total score, and differences between them are significant; furthermore, by comparing volition quality between male and female skaters, the author found that in terms of toughness male skaters are superior to female skaters, and the difference is significant, but in terms of other 5 factors and total score, differences between them are not significant.

以心理干预为核心手段的运动员运动损。。。我国优秀排球运动员运动寿命影响因素。。。运动生物力学在乒乓球运动中的应用与。。。对投掷运动员运动损伤的调查分析与预。。。《运动防病治病讲座》健身运动的基本。。。都市运动研究：理论传统的界定和中国。。。《运动防病治病讲座》中年人的健身运。。。体校学生特征性运动自信心和运动动机。。。中国优秀沙滩排球运动员运动损伤流行。。。摘要：采用心理测量法，从不同运动水平、不同性别短道速滑运动员意志品质的比较入手，了解其意志品质是否存在差别。结果表明：男子国际健将运动员在目标清晰维度上好于男子国家健将级运动员，但在顽强性维度上，国家健将级运动员好于国际健将级运动员；女子国家健将级运动员在顽强性、果断性、自信心3个维度和总分上均好于女子一级运动员，两者差异具有显著性；此外，比较男、女运动员之间的意志品质，发现男运动员在坚韧性维度上好于女运动员，差异显著，但在其他5个维度及总分上，两者差别不具有显著性意义。

This study analyses and studies body shape and technical index of university students basketball athletes of China and USA. Conclusion; Body height and body weight of American sportsman is very different from that of Chinese sportsman; Body height of sportswoman is about the same; Compared with athletes in USA, the age of Chinese athletes is older than that of American athletes; In terms of such indexes as 3-FT-PCT, Assistant, Tumovers, Blocks, Dunk, Chinese and American athletes differ greatly each other;...

本文对中美优秀大学生篮球运动员的身体形态及 8项技术统计指标进行对比分析，主要结论：中美男子运动员身高、体重存在显著性差异；女子运动员身高差异不显著；与美国相比，中国大学生运动员的年龄普遍偏大；在三分投篮命中率、罚球命中率、助攻、失误、盖帽、扣篮等 6项技术指标上中美运动员存在显著性差异；平均每场得分、总投篮命中率等指标差异不显著。

The players in different positions have different action combinations in the match. The action combination group is made of different action combination. The players, body action in the match is mostly reflected by action combinations.3. The setter has the most average HR among the match in our excellent men volleyball players. The HR is 143 times every minutes; the assistant spikier,s HR is 136.5 times every minutes; the spikier,s HR is 127 times every minutes; the assistant setters HR is 121.5 times every minutes; and the libero,s HR is 136.5 times every minutes.4. There are some questions in the exercise on specialized physical constitution of our men and women volleyball players. The questions are: the principle about the wholly exercise is not clearly bodied; the exercises are not perfectly coincided the position distinguishing; the exercises of specialized physical constitution are not prominent; the content about the exercises of specialized physical constitution is not like the match.5. The excellent volleyball players in different positions have the different demands on the specialized physical constitution.

不同位置运动员在比赛中表现出的动作组合形式不同，不同的动作组合之间相结合又形成了不同的动作组合集，运动员在比赛中的身体活动主要是以动作组合集的形式表现出来的。3我国优秀男子排球运动员，在一场比赛中，二传的平均心率最高，为143次/分；副攻平均心率为136.5次/分；主攻的平均心率为127次/分；接应二传的平均心率为121.5次/分；自由人的平均心率为109.5次/分。4目前我国国家男排和女排运动员专项身体素质训练还存在一些问题，主要体现在四个方面：1、专项身体素质训练整体性原则体现不足2、没有很好地结合排球运动员专项身体素质的位置特征3、专项身体素质训练重点不突出4、专项身体素质训练内容不贴近比赛实际。5不同位置优秀排球运动员对专项身体素质的发展要求不同，或者说排球运动员专项身体素质具有位置特征。

the 160 women judoists are tested for mental fatigue and personality tests, and the paper tries to reveal their situation of mental fatigue, personality characteristics, and the relationship between them.it is analyzed that chinese elite judoists have no severe mental fatigue; judoists' negative evaluation on emotional/physical exhaustion and sport increase significantly one week before competition than two months; among personality factors, excitability predicts the decrease of achievement and emotional/physical exhaustion reliably on negative; the stability predicts sport on negative; tension predicts emotional/physical exhaustion on positive; adaption and anxiety in dimension personality predicts in positive both in the decrease of achievement and emotional/physical exhaustion and internal extraversion does them in negative; health personality in applied dimension personality predicts in negative in the decrease of achievement, emotional/physical exhaustion and negative evaluation of sport when mental fatigue, stability and sensitivity predicts the decrease of achievement in negative; only internal extraversion in dimension personality predicts the decrease of achievement and emotional/physical exhaustion in positive.

摘 要：以160名女子柔道运动员为被试，进行运动员心理疲劳以及人格测试，并尝试揭示女子柔道运动员的心理疲劳状况、人格特征以及二者之间的关系。分析得出：我国优秀柔道运动员心理疲劳程度并不严重；运动员在临赛前一个星期较赛前二个月情绪/体力耗竭以及运动的负评价显著提高；人格因素中的兴奋性对成就感的降低以及情绪/体力耗竭两维度均有可靠的负向预测作用；稳定性对运动的负评价维度具有可靠的负向预测作用；紧张性对情绪/体力耗竭有可靠正向预测作用；次元人格中适应与焦虑对成就感的降低以及情绪/体力耗竭均有可靠正向预测作用，内外向性对成就感的降低、情绪/体力耗竭以及运动负评价都有可靠负向预测作用。应用性次元人格中健康者的人格对运动员心理疲劳的对成就感的降低、情绪/体力耗竭以及运动负评价均有可靠的负向预测作用；稳定性、敏感性对临赛前成就感的降低维度的变化有可靠的负向预测作用；次元人格中只有内外向性对临赛前成就感的降低以及情绪/体力耗竭维度的变化有可靠的正向预测作用。

The study is aim to find out the gap between Chinese and world's elite trampolines. So we will have distinct object in our trampoline training and improve the collective performance level of our female trampolines gradually, foster more competitive trampolines.

本研究的目的就是要找出我国优秀女子蹦床运动员和世界优秀女子蹦床运动员之间所存在的差距，使我们的训练能做到有的放矢，逐步提高我国女子蹦床的整体水平，培养出更多在世界大赛上具有冲击奖牌能力的运动员。

The 16-year-old from Falmouth, Maine, is a great athlete, gets good grades and has many friends.

她16岁，来自缅因州的Falmouth，是位优秀运动员，成绩也好，还有许多朋友。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。